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                                   Before the

                       Federal Communications Commission

                             Washington, D.C. 20554


                             )                                
                                                              
                             )                                
     In the Matter of              File Number: EB-06-SD-052  
                             )                                
     Donald J. Payne             NAL/Acct. No.: 200732940002  
                             )                                
     San Diego, California                   FRN: 0015901762  
                             )                                
                                                              
                             )                                


                                FORFEITURE ORDER

   Adopted: June 11, 2007  Released: June  13, 2007

   By the Regional Director, Western Region, Enforcement Bureau:

   I.  INTRODUCTION

    1. In this Forfeiture Order ("Order"), we issue a monetary forfeiture in
       the amount of seven hundred and fifty dollars ($750) to Donald J.
       Payne ("Payne"), for willful and repeated violations of Section 301 of
       the Communications Act of 1934, as amended ("Act"). On December 28,
       2006, the San Diego Office issued a Notice of Apparent Liability for
       Forfeiture ("NAL") in the amount of $10,000 to Payne after determining
       that Payne apparently willfully and repeatedly operated an unlicensed
       radio transmitter on on 96.9 MHz in San Diego, California. In this
       Order, we consider Payne's arguments that he was the landlord of the
       garage that the unlicensed station operated from, but that he did not
       operate the station, that he shut down the station prior to the
       issuance of the NAL, and that he is unable to pay the proposed
       forfeiture.

   II. BACKGROUND

    2. On April 3, 2006, agents from the Enforcement Bureau's San Diego
       Office monitored 96.9 MHz in the San Diego area and used mobile
       direction finding techniques to locate broadcast transmissions on 96.9
       MHz emanating from Payne's residence at 1937 33^rd Street, San Diego,
       California. The agents noted that the source of the radio signal was
       an antenna atop a mast attached to a garage on the property. The San
       Diego agents determined that the signal being broadcast exceeded the
       limits for operation under Part 15 of the Commission's Rules ("Rules")
       and therefore required a license. According to FCC records, neither
       Payne, nor any other person or entity, holds an authorization to
       broadcast on that frequency from that location.

    3. On April 13, 2006, the San Diego Office sent Payne a detailed Notice
       of Unlicensed Operation ("Notice"), which gave Payne an opportunity to
       reply. The Notice stated that the unlicensed operation of the radio
       station must be discontinued immediately, that operation of radio
       transmitting equipment without a valid radio station authorization
       constituted a violation of Section 301 of the Act, and that failure to
       stop the operation could result in various penalties, including
       forfeiture of the equipment. Two copies of the Notice were mailed to
       Payne. One was mailed via certified mail and other via regular mail.
       No reply was received.

    4. On April 19, 2006, the agents used mobile direction finding techniques
       to locate broadcast transmissions on 96.9 MHz emanating from Payne's
       residence. The agents again took field strength measurements and
       determined that the signals being broadcast exceeded the limits for
       operation under Part 15 and therefore required a license. The agents
       found only one electric meter on the property of 1937 33^rd Street,
       San Diego, California.

    5. On June 13, 2006, San Diego agents approached Payne in his front yard
       and interviewed him about the antenna mast on his garage and the
       unlicensed radio station broadcasting from his property. Payne told
       the agents that he had nothing to do with the station. Payne indicated
       to the agents that he was leasing his garage to "FRSD" for $100 per
       month. Payne also said he did not have access to his garage as the
       tenants had installed a lock on it. Before leaving the area the agents
       took field strength measurements and determined that the signals being
       broadcast exceeded the limits for operation under Part 15 of the Rules
       and therefore required a license.

    6. On October 17, 2006, the agents used mobile direction finding
       techniques to locate broadcast transmissions on 96.9 MHz emanating
       from Payne's residence. The agents again took field strength
       measurements and determined that the signals being broadcast exceeded
       the limits for operation under Part 15 and therefore required a
       license.

    7. On November 13, 2006, the agents used mobile direction finding
       techniques to locate broadcast transmissions on 96.9 MHz emanating
       from Payne's residence. The agents again took field strength
       measurements and determined that the signals being broadcast exceeded
       the limits for operation under Part 15 and therefore required a
       license. When agents attempted to inspect the radio station, no one
       would answer the door, although vehicles were parked in the
       residence's driveway. The agents left copies of the April 13, 2006
       Notice at the residence.

    8. On December 28, 2006, the San Diego Office issued a NAL in the amount
       of $10,000 to Payne. Payne filed a response to the NAL on January 26,
       2007 ("Response"). In his Response, Payne argues he was the landlord
       of the garage that unlicensed station operated from, but that he did
       not operate the station, that he shut down the station prior to the
       issuance of the NAL, and that he is unable to pay the proposed
       forfeiture. Finally, if a forfeiture is imposed, Payne asks for a
       personal interview and/or a hearing with a Commission official at the
       nearest field office to discuss the NAL.

   III.  DISCUSSION

    9. The proposed forfeiture amount in this case was assessed in accordance
       with Section 503(b) of the Act, Section 1.80 of the Rules, and The
       Commission's Forfeiture Policy Statement and Amendment of Section 1.80
       of the Rules to Incorporate the Forfeiture Guidelines, 12 FCC Rcd
       17087 (1997), recon. denied, 15 FCC Rcd 303 (1999) ("Forfeiture Policy
       Statement"). In examining Payne's response, Section 503(b) of the Act
       requires that the Commission take into account the nature,
       circumstances, extent and gravity of the violation and, with respect
       to the violator, the degree of culpability, any history of prior
       offenses, ability to pay, and other such matters as justice may
       require.

   10. Section 301 of the Act requires that no person shall use or operate
       any apparatus for the transmission of energy of communications or
       signals by radio within the United States except under and in
       accordance with the Act and with a license. Section 3(33) of the Act
       defines "communications by radio" as "the transmission by radio of
       writing, signs, signals, pictures, and sounds of all kinds, including
       all instrumentalities, facilities, apparatus, and services (among
       other thing the receipt, forwarding, and delivery of communications)
       incidental to such transmission." On April 3, 2006, April 19, 2006,
       June 13, 2006, October 17, 2006, and November 13, 2006, Payne provided
       services and facilities incidental to the transmission of
       communications by radio occurring on 96.9 MHz in San Diego,
       California.

   11. In his Response, Payne argues that his was not the owner or the
       operator of the unlicensed station that was broadcasting out of his
       garage. Payne maintains that he was merely the landlord who received
       $100 per month from the operators of the unlicensed station. Payne
       also maintains that he had no access to the equipment used by the
       operators of the station. As the San Diego Office determined in the
       NAL, Payne provided the garage and real property on which the
       operation took place, and provided the electric current used to power
       the radio station. Payne substantiates these findings by providing as
       part of his Response the lease that he entered into with the operators
       of the station, and the statement in his Response that in "early
       December 2006, he used the residence's circuit breaker to turn off the
       power to the garage and informed his tenants that he would not permit
       further operation of any radio broadcasting from his rental property."
       Consequently, we find that Payne participated in the operation of the
       unlicensed station. Additionally, we have previously held that because
       Section 301 of the Act provides that "no person shall use or operate"
       radio transmission equipment, liability for unlicensed operation may
       be assigned to any individual participating in the operation of the
       unlicensed station, regardless of who else may be responsible for the
       operation. Taken together, we find that Payne's actions amounted to
       willful and repeated violations of Section 301 of the Act.

   12. As indicated above, Payne also argues that he shut down the station in
       early December 2006, prior to the issuance of the NAL. Payne
       acknowledges, however, that he did receive the April 13, 2006, Notice
       from the San Diego Office, as well as the visit from the San Diego
       agents in June 2006, and further acknowledges that he shut down the
       station in December 2006 "to comply with the FCC's demands and
       warnings." We find that the San Diego Office gave Payne at least two
       opportunities, in April 2006 and June 2006, to immediately shut down
       the illegal station operating on his property rather than face
       administrative sanctions. The fact that Payne finally did shut down
       the station eight months after the initial Notice shows that he did
       have control over the station and could have complied with the San
       Diego Office's warnings much earlier. Additionally, the Commission
       expects violators to implement corrective action to bring past
       violations into compliance, and that, therefore, such actions do not
       nullify or mitigate past violations. Therefore, we find no merit to
       this argument.

   13. Further, Payne asks that the proposed forfeiture amount be reduced or
       cancelled because he is unable to pay the forfeiture amount. He also
       supplies three years of tax records to support his claim that he is
       unable to pay the proposed forfeiture amount. Having reviewed Payne's
       response along with the supporting financial documentation we
       conclude, consistent with precedent, that a reduction of the proposed
       forfeiture to $750 is appropriate.

   14. Finally, Payne states that if a forfeiture is assessed against him, he
       asks for an interview or hearing with a Commission official at the
       nearest field office. Nothing in the Act requires the Commission to
       provide an unlicensed operator the opportunity for a hearing prior to
       imposition of a forfeiture. Rather, under Section 503(b)(4) of the
       Act, the Commission must issue a written notice of apparent liability
       which specifies each provision of the Act and the rules alleged to be
       violated, the facts upon which the charge against the named violator
       is based, and the date upon which the alleged violation occurred. The
       NAL issued by the San Diego Office fully complied with these
       requirements.

   15. We have examined Payne's response to the NAL pursuant to the statutory
       factors above, and in conjunction with the Forfeiture Policy
       Statement. As a result of our review, we conclude that Payne willfully
       and repeatedly violated Section 301 of the Act. Considering the entire
       record and the factors listed above, we find that reduction of the
       proposed forfeiture is warranted, given Payne's demonstrated inability
       to pay. Accordingly, the forfeiture amount is reduced from ten
       thousand dollars ($10,000) to seven hundred and fifty dollars ($750).

   IV. ORDERING CLAUSES

   16.  ACCORDINGLY, IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 503(b) of the
       Communications Act of 1934, as amended ("Act"), and Sections 0.111,
       0.311 and 1.80(f)(4) of the Commission's Rules, Donald J. Payne IS
       LIABLE FOR A MONETARY FORFEITURE in the amount of $750 for willfully
       and repeatedly violating Section 301 of the Act.

   17. Payment of the forfeiture shall be made in the manner provided for in
       Section 1.80 of the Rules within 30 days of the release of this Order.
       If the forfeiture is not paid within the period specified, the case
       may be referred to the Department of Justice for collection pursuant
       to Section 504(a) of the Act. Payment of the forfeiture must be made
       by check or similar instrument, payable to the order of the Federal
       Communications Commission.\001 The payment must include the NAL/Acct.
       No. and FRN No. referenced above.\001 Payment by\001check or money
       order may be mailed to Federal Communications Commission, P.O.
       Box\001358340,\001Pittsburgh, PA 15251-8340.\001 Payment by overnight
       mail may be sent to\001Mellon Bank\001/LB\001358340,\001500 Ross
       Street, Room 1540670, Pittsburgh, PA 15251.\001\001 Payment by wire
       transfer may be made to ABA Number\001043000261, receiving
       bank\001Mellon Bank, and account number\001911- 6106. Requests for
       full payment under an installment plan should be sent to: Associate
       Managing Director - Financial Operations, Room 1A625, 445 12th Street,
       S.W., Washington, D.C. 20554.

   18. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that a copy of this Order shall be sent by First
       Class Mail and Certified Mail Return Receipt Requested to Donald J.
       Payne at his address of record, and Jeremy D. Warren, his counsel of
       record.

   FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

   Rebecca L. Dorch

   Regional Director, Western Region

   Enforcement Bureau

   47 U.S.C. S 301.

   Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture, NAL/Acct. No. 200732940002
   (Enf. Bur., Western Region, San Diego Office, released December 28, 2006).

   Section 15.239 of the Rules provides that non-licensed broadcasting in the
   88-108 MHz band is permitted only if the field strength of the
   transmission does not exceed 250 mV/m at three meters. The measurements
   made on April 3, 2006, indicated that the signal was 7,778 times greater
   than the maximum permissible level for a non-licensed Part 15 transmitter.

   The San Diego Office received from the U.S. Postal Service the returned
   certified copy of the Notice of Unlicensed Operation indicating it had
   been refused. The regular mail copy of the Notice of Unlicensed Operation
   was not returned.

   47 U.S.C. S 301.

   The measurements made on April 19, 2006, indicated that the signal was
   12,395 times greater than the maximum permissible level for non-licensed
   Part 15 transmitters.

   The measurements made on June 13, 2006, indicated that the signal was
   7,661 times greater than the maximum permissible level for a non-licensed
   Part 15 transmitter.

   The measurements made on October 17, 2006, indicated that the signal was
   8,930 times greater than the maximum permissible level for non-licensed
   Part 15 transmitters.

   The measurements made on November 13, 2006, indicated that the signal was
   6,734 times greater than the maximum permissible level for non-licensed
   Part 15 transmitters.

   47 U.S.C. S 503(b).

   47 C.F.R. S 1.80.

   47 U.S.C. S 503(b)(2)(E).

   47 U.S.C. S 153(33).

   Section 3(35) of the Act defines "radio station" as a "station equipped to
   engage in radio communication or radio transmission of energy." 47 U.S.C.
   S 153(35).

   47 U.S.C. S 301.

   Jean L. Senatus, 20 FCC Rcd 14418 (EB 2005).

   See AT&T Wireless Services, Inc., 17 FCC Rcd 21866, 21875-76 (2002).

   See, e.g., Ronald E. Sauer, 19 FCC Rcd 14884 (EB 2004); Kornwell Chan, 16
   FCC Rcd 14893 (EB 2001).

   Octavio Sarmiento, Jr. 17 FCC Rcd 25277, 25279 (EB 2002). Section 504(a)
   of the Act provides that any suit brought by the United States in federal
   district court for the collection of a forfeiture imposed pursuant to the
   Act shall be a trial de novo. 47 U.S.C. S 504(a).

   47 U.S.C. S 503(b)(4). See also Section 1.80(f) of the Rules, 47 C.F.R. S
   1.80(f); and Section 1.80(g) of the Rules, which states that procedures
   for hearings "will ordinarily be followed only when a hearing is being
   held for some reason other than the assessment of a forfeiture ...." 47
   C.F.R. S 1.80(g). See Arcom Communications, 20 FCC Rcd 20061 (EB 2005),
   affirmed DA 06-1536, 2006 WL 2310791 (rel. August 9, 2006).

   47 U.S.C. SS 301, 503(b), 47 C.F.R. SS 0.111, 0.311, 1.80(f)(4).

   47 U.S.C. S 504(a).

   See 47 C.F.R. S 1.1914.

   Federal Communications Commission DA 07-2444

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   Federal Communications Commission DA 07-2444