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C  $#9C--  p4Heading 2Underlined Heading Flush LeftV4Heading 1Centered Heading@..  b* 8Bullet ListIndented Bullet List0..0` ..`   -'  C  $$C--  _@ 4 X$XFederalCommunicationsCommissionn(#DA981566   ?7(' xdEx?  (2$ 6m!  C  $#9C--  ($     H 0U$  C  $$C--Ӏ  1    _Ԁ&F%Thecallsignforstation_KBZR_(FM)waschangedto_KPTY_(FM)onFebruary10,1997.Foreaseof  understanding,thesubjectstationwillbereferredtoas_KPTY_(FM)throughoutthisorder.%&F(!2U$ 6m!  C  $#9C--  Ӏ  0   0U$  C  $$C--Ӏ  2    ݀KTFMrescissionletter,datedApril15,1997.  0U$  C  $$C--Ӏ  3    ݀&F%WhilethecomplainantinNationwidesubmittedatapeofacommercialrecordingof"EroticCity"rather  thanatapeofthebroadcast,thecomplainantassertedthatthecommercialversionreflectedthematerialbroadcastandthelicenseedidnotadequatelyrebutthisassertion.  CRight ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)3|J\  `*Times New RomanTTC\  P6QP\  `*Times New RomanTTXXP\  P6QXP\  `*Times New RomanTT&&J\  P6Q&P(|m$  C  $#9C-- dHP LaserJet IIISi,,,,,,0##37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)  -'  C  $$C--  _@ 4 <X$XFederalCommunicationsCommissionn(#DA981566   ?7(' xdEx?  \  `*Times New RomanTT3~$4?U 6m!  C  $ C--  _X8dd8  ,;@^^? &F%Beforethe _ @>>4FederalCommunicationsCommission@<<9Washington,D.C.20554    IntheMatterof@D)  p Liabilityof@D)  L @D)@D)_NPR_ԀPhoenix,_L.L.C._Ԁ@D) ? Licensee,_KPTY_(FM)@D)   Gilbert,AZ@D)   @D)foraForfeiture@D) P  @D@D  MEMORANDUMOPINIONANDORDER  C     pXӀ Adopted:August5,1998  p Released:August6,1998  x o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Aho BytheChief,MassMediaBureau: 4    1.TheCommission,bytheChiefoftheMassMediaBureau,actingpursuanttoauthoritydelegated K by0.283oftheCommission'sRules,hasunderconsideration(1)a$7,500NoticeofApparentLiability(_NAL_)issuedAugust27,1997,to_NPR_ԀPhoenix,_L.L.C._Ԁ("_NPR_"),licenseeofStation_KPTY_(FM)(formerly_KBZR_(FM)),Gilbert,Arizona;_/ .  1      _Ԁ(2)thelicensee'sOctober6,1997,responsetothe_NAL_;and(3)thelicensee's  supplementtotheresponse,filedMarch12,1998.  2.The_NAL_Ԁwasissuedforapparentviolationof18U.S.C.1464,whichprovidescriminalpenaltiesforanyonewho"uttersanyobscene,indecentorprofanelanguagebymeansofradiocommunication."Pursuantto47U.S.C.312(a)(6)and503(b)(1)(D),theCommissionhasstatutoryauthoritytotakeappropriateadministrativeactionwhenlicenseesbroadcastmaterialinviolationof18U.S.C.1464.IndecencyhasbeendefinedbytheCommissionaslanguageormaterialthat,incontext,depictsordescribes,intermspatentlyoffensiveasmeasuredbycontemporarycommunitystandardsforthebroadcastmedium,sexualorexcretoryactivitiesororgans.SeeInfinityBroadcastingCorporationofPennsylvania,2FCC_Rcd_ $<" 2705(1987).TheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuithasupheldtheCommission'sauthoritytorestrictthebroadcastofindecentmaterialattimeswhenthereisareasonableriskthatchildrenmaybeintheaudience.ActionforChildren'sTelevisionv.FCC("ACTIII"),58F.3d654(D.C. /'% Cir.1995),cert.denied,116S.Ct.701(1996);ActionforChildren'sTelevisionv.FCC("ACTI"),852F.2d  ( & 1332(D.C.Cir.1988).  3.AcomplaintfiledwiththeCommissionindicatedthatonNovember14,1996,RadioStation_KPTY_(FM),Gilbert,AZ,broadcastthesong"EroticCity"byPrinceatapproximately5:10p.m.Thecomplaint,supportedbyataperecordingofthematerialbroadcast,alleged,andthe_NAL_Ԁfound,thatcertain W,$+  _songlyricswereapparentlyindecentbecausetheydescribedsexualandexcretoryactivitiesororgansinpatentlyoffensiveterms.Additionally,theNALnotedthatthebroadcastairedatatimewhentherewasareasonableriskthatchildrenmayhavebeenintheaudience.  4.NPRassertsthattheNALshouldberescindedandmakesseveralargumentsinsupportofthatcontention.However,weconcludethatthecitedmaterialisactionablyindecentandthattheimpositionofaforfeitureforitsbroadcastisappropriate.  5.ThelicenseefirstarguesthattheNALshouldberescindedbecause"inalmostidenticalcircumstances,theCommission,afterinitiallyissuinganNALtoanotherstationforairingthesamematerial(aneditedversionofthesonginquestion),ultimatelydeterminedthatnoviolationhadappearedtohaveoccurred."ThecaseofKTFM(FM),DA961858,releasedNovember12,1996,thestationtowhichthelicenseerefers,isdistinguishablefromKPTY.Unlikeintheinstantcase,thecomplainantinKTFMdidnotsubmitatapeorotherverifiedrepresentationofthespecificlanguagethatwasaired.Withoutsuchdocumentationofthebroadcast,itwasimpossibletodeterminewhetheraversionofthesongcontainingtheindecentlyricswasactuallyaired.Thatfact,combinedwithKTFM'sdenialofowningtheuneditedversionof"EroticCity"ledustodeterminethat"aviolationhadnotbeenestablished."1 .  2      ׀Wedidnotconclude,asNPR   contends,that"noviolationhadappearedtohaveoccurred."Thus,ouractionintheinstantcaseisnotinconsistentwithourultimatedeterminationinKTFM.Moreover,inIntheMatterofNationwide x Communications,Inc.,("Nationwide")6FCCRcd3695(1990),wefoundthesamelyricscontainedinthe T versionof"EroticCity"broadcastbyKPTYtobeactionablyindecent.2X .  3      ׀Itisinaccordancewiththeprecedent 0 setinNationwide,thatwefoundtheversionofthesongatissueinthiscasetobeapparentlyactionably k  indecentandissuedtheNAL.̀  6.Thelicenseealsoarguesthatbecauseofthesubstantialtimedifferenceinthelengthoftheuneditedversionof"EroticCity"(7:24)andthelengthoftheversionatissuehere(3:08),itisobviousthatthisversionistheeditedversion.Weconcedethattheversionofthesongatissueisaneditedversion,atleastastolength.However,thetapeofthematerialbroadcastestablishesthattheindecentlyricsareclearlyaudiblethroughoutthisparticulareditedversionofthesongairedbyNPR.  7.Additionally,NPRassertsthateventheairingoftheuneditedversionof"EroticCity"wouldnotbeactionableinlightoftheourdecisioninInreComplaintofPeterBranton,("Branton")6FCC610(1991). " Inthatcase,theCommissionfoundnotactionablyindecentthe6:25p.m.broadcastofanewssegmentaboutorganizedcrimewhichincludedawiretapofatelephoneconversationinwhichJohnGotti,anorganizedcrimefigure,repeatedlyusedvariationsoftheexpletive"fuck."Incomparingthetwobroadcasts,NPRcorrectlypointsoutthat"thesong'EroticCity'isentitledtojudgmentunderthesamestandardasotherallegedlyindecentspeechprotectedbytheFirstAmendment."However,encompassedwithinthatstandardisananalysisofthecontextinwhichthequestionablematerialwasused.SeeFCCv.PacificaFoundation,438U.S.726(1978). +'% Thoughwedonothavea"newsexception"forindecencycases,itwasimportanttoourcontextualanalysisinBrantonthattheobjectionablelanguageappearedwithinthebroadcastofabonafidenewsstory.The (!' repeatedandgratuitoususeofthissameoffendingwordin"EroticCity"torefertosexualactivitysimplydoesnotpresentsimilarcontextualconsiderations.̇..8.NPRalsotakesissuewiththefactthattheCommissiondidnotbaseitsfindingofindecencyonevidenceconcerning contemporarystandardsforthebroadcastmediumasregardspatentoffensivenessinthecommunityoflicense.However,ananalysisofcontemporarystandardsforthebroadcastmediumforthepurposeofmakinganindecencydeterminationdoesnotrequireananalysisofindividualcommunitystandards.Theappropriatestandardisnotalocalone,asitdoesnotencompassanyparticulargeographicarea,butrather,isthestandardofanaveragebroadcastviewerorlistener.SeeInfinityReconsideration,3FCCRcd930,933(1987).ThismeansthattheCommissionemploysitsownexpertiseinbroadcastmattersanddrawsonitsknowledgeoftheaverageviewerorlistener.Id.ThisstandardhasbeenanintegralpartoftheCommission'sdefinitionofindecencywhichhasbeenupheldbytheSupremeCourtinFCCv.PacificaFoundation,438U.S.726(1987),aswellasbytheCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuitinActionforChildren'sTelevisionv.FCC,852F.2d1332(D.C.Cir.1988).LettertoMelKarmazin,5FCCRcd7291,7292(1990).̀..9.Further,althoughNPRcitesACLUv.Reno,929F.Supp.824(E.D.Penn.,June11,1996),tosupportitscontentionthatitisimpropertoimposeasinglestandardofdecencyupontheentirenation,itshouldbenotedthatthisopiniondealtstrictlywithindecencyontheInternet.Moreover,nothingintheSupremeCourt'ssupersedingaffirmanceofthedistrictcourt'sopinioninRenov.ACLU,117S.Ct.2329(1997),indicatesthatthedecisionshouldhaveanyimplicationsforthebroadcastmedium.Thus,wedonotreadsuchimplicationsintothedecisionandwerejectNPR'sargumentthattheCommissionshouldhavebaseditsindecencydeterminationuponbroadcastcommunitystandardsinthegreaterPhoenix,Arizona,area...10.Finally,initsSupplementtoResponse,filedMarch12,1998,NPRcontendsthatourenforcementpolicyforindecencycasesisincongruouswithourpolicyfornewsdistortioncases.AsNPRpointsout,fortheCommissiontotakeactioninanewsdistortioncase,werequiretheretobemanagementknowledgeandapprovalofthedistortion;however,allthatisnecessaryforaforfeituretobeissuedforanindecentbroadcastisthatthematerialwasairedandtheCommissionfoundittobeindecent.Thus,NPRclaimswehaveadopteda"strictliability"approachinindecencycases.NPRtakesissuewiththisapproachandcontendsthatitisincongruoustohaveahigherlevelofproofinnewsdistortioncasesthaninindecencycasessincethepotentialforpublicharmismuchgreaterinnewsdistortioncasesthaninindecencycases...11.TheCommissionischargedwiththeresponsibilityofenforcing18U.S.C1464whichmandatessanctionsforthosewhoviolatethestatute.Thereisnostatutoryrequirementofmanagementinvolvementbeforeaforfeitureisissuedandwehavenotinterpretedthestatutetorequireit.Inenforcing1464weapplytheprinciplethatthelicenseeisresponsibleforthatwhichisbroadcastonitsstation.Innewsdistortioncases,wealsoapplytheprincipleoflicenseeresponsibility.However,becausenewsandcommentprogrammingareatthecoreofspeechwhichtheFirstAmendmentisintendedtoprotect,wehavelongbelievedthataparticularlyhighthresholdshouldgovernCommissioninterventioninthisarea.Thus,theCommissionhasbeencarefultoensurethatitdoesnotsubstituteitsjudgmentforthatofthebroadcasterintheselectionandpresentationofmaterialfornewsprogramsandhasavoidedaswhollyinappropriateanyroleinauthenticatingnewsprogramming.Accordingly,theCommissionhasrequiredextrinsicevidenceofnewsriggingorslantingbeforetakinganyactionagainstalicensee.Suchextrinsicevidenceincludesorderstofalsifythenewsbyalicensee,itstopmanagementoritsnewsmanagement.Similarconsiderationsarenotatworkinroutineindecencyenforcementcasessuchasthatbeforeushere.Thus,werejectthelicensee'sargumentthatourapproachtoindecencyenforcementshouldbeakintoourapproachinanalyzingnewsdistortioncases,inthatweshouldrequiremanagementinvolvementinorapprovaloftheindecentbroadcastbeforeweissueaforfeiture.....12.Accordingly,pursuanttoSection503(b)oftheCommunicationsActof1934,asamended,ITISORDERED,thatNPRPhoenix,L.L.C.,licenseeofStationKPTY(FM),formerlyStationKBZR(FM),Gilbert,Arizona,FORFEITtotheUnitedStatesthesumofSevenThousandFiveHundredDollars($7,500)foritswillfulandrepeatedviolationofSection1464ofTitle18oftheUnitedStatesCode.PaymentoftheforfeituremaybemadebymailingtotheCommissionacheckorsimilarinstrumentpayabletotheFederalCommunicationsCommission.Inregardtothisforfeitureproceeding,thelicenseemaytakeanyoftheactionssetforthinSection1.80oftheCommission'sRules,assummarizedintheattachmenttothisMemorandumOpinionandOrder...` ..`  .. ..h..hFEDERALCOMMUNICATIONSCOMMISSION..` ..`  .. ..h..h....` ..`  .. ..h..hRoyJ.Stewart..` ..`  .. ..h..hChief,MassMediaBureau