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                                                           Before the
               Federal Communications Commission
                     Washington, D.C. 20554

In the Matter of                   )
                              )
Implementation of Section 551 of the         )    CS Docket No. 97-55
Telecommunications Act of 1996          )
                              )
Video Programming Ratings               )
                              

                                                   
                        REPORT AND ORDER

   Adopted:  March 12, 1998             Released:  March 13, 1998


By the Commission:  Commissioners Furchtgott-Roth and Tristani issuing separate statements.

                        I.  INTRODUCTION
                                
     1.   In the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the "1996 Act"), Congress determined that parents
should be provided with timely information about the nature of upcoming video programming and with the
technological tools that would allow them to easily block violent, sexual, or other programming they believe
is harmful to their children.  Congress also provided that distributors of video programming should be given
the opportunity to develop a voluntary system to provide parents with ratings information.  In response to
the 1996 Act, the National Association of Broadcasters ("NAB"), National Cable Television Association
("NCTA") and Motion Picture Association of America ("MPAA") (the "Industry") jointly submitted to the
Commission on behalf of their members, a system of voluntary parental guidelines ("TV Parental
Guidelines") adopted and implemented by television broadcasters and networks, cable networks and systems,
and television program producers.  Section 551(e) of the 1996 Act requires the Commission to determine
whether video programming distributors (1) have established acceptable voluntary rules for rating video
programming that contains sexual, violent or other indecent material about which parents should be informed
before it is displayed to children and (2) have agreed voluntarily to broadcast signals that contain such
ratings.

     2.   In this Report and Order, we find that the Industry's TV Parental Guidelines establish
acceptable voluntary rating rules and that the concomitant agreement to voluntarily broadcast signals
containing ratings pursuant to the TV Parental Guidelines are in compliance with the specific requirements
of Section 551(e).  In a companion item being issued today we adopt technical rules that require television
receivers with picture screens 33 cm (13 inches) or greater to be equipped with features to block the display
of television programming with a common rating, commonly referred to as the "v-chip" technology. 
Although we chose to approach the v-chip and ratings proceedings separately, our deliberations in both
proceedings have focused on Congress' goal of achieving an effective method by which the rating system,
when used in conjunction with the v-chip technology, will provide parents with useful tools to block
programming they believe harmful to their children.  

                        II.  BACKGROUND

     3.   In Section 551 of the 1996 Act, Congress made extensive findings with respect to the
influence that television has on children, and the need to provide parents with timely information about the
nature of upcoming video programming and with the technological tools that allow them easily to block
violent, sexual or other programming that they believe harmful to their children.  As a result of these
findings, Congress called for the establishment of guidelines and recommended procedures for rating certain
television programming, and the transmission of rating information for programs which are rated.

     4.   Congress delayed the Commission's exercise of its authority to establish a rating system
to permit the broadcast and cable industries to develop an acceptable voluntary rating system for video
programming within one year of the enactment of the 1996 Act on February 8, 1996.  Specifically, under
Section 551(e)(1):

                    The amendment made by subsection (b) of this section shall take effect 1 year after the date
          of enactment of this Act, but only if the Commission determines, in consultation with
          appropriate public interest groups and interested individuals from the private sector, that
          distributors of video programming have not, by such date --
                                   (A)  established voluntary rules for rating video programming that contains
               sexual, violent, or other indecent material about which parents should be informed
               before it is displayed to children, and such rules are acceptable to the Commission;
               and
                                   
                                   (B)  agreed voluntarily to broadcast signals that contain ratings of such
               programming.

     5.   Following enactment of the 1996 Act, and over the course of the next year, the broadcasting,
cable and program production industries worked together to develop a rating system, which they
implemented in early January 1997.  Details of the rating system were submitted to the Commission on
January 17, 1997.  Following the January 17, 1997 Submission, the Commission sought comment from
interested parties on the TV Parental Guidelines.  Parents groups, public health organizations, members
of Congress, public interest groups and others expressed concern about some aspects of the rating system. 
Discussions between the Industry and certain advocacy groups continued and on August 1, 1997, the Industry
submitted to the Commission revisions to the guidelines.  The Industry states that the TV Parental
Guidelines, as modified, are supported by nine family and child advocacy groups, as well as television
broadcasters, cable systems and networks, and television production companies.  The revised TV Parental
Guidelines were implemented on October 1, 1997.  

                III.  THE TV PARENTAL GUIDELINES
                                
     6.   According to the Industry, the TV Parental Guidelines are designed so that "category and
program-specific content indicators will provide parents with information that will help them make informed
decisions about what their children should watch on television."  The TV Parental Guidelines describe a
voluntary rating system consisting of six descriptive labels designed to indicate the appropriateness of
television programming to children according to age and/or maturity; content indicators concerning sexual
situations, violence, language or dialogue; transmission of the ratings information over line 21 of the Vertical
Blanking Interval ("VBI"); display of on-screen rating icons and indicators; and the establishment of an
Oversight Monitoring Board.  

     7.   The Industry states that the TV Parental Guidelines will apply to all television programming
except for news, sports, and unedited MPAA rated movies on premium cable channels.  The TV Parental
Guidelines (labels and content indicators, and respective meanings) are:

          For programs designed solely for children:

          TV-Y (All Children -- This program is designed to be appropriate for all children).  Whether
     animated or live-action, the themes and elements in this program are specifically designed for a very
     young audience, including children from ages 2-6.  This program is not expected to frighten younger
     children.

          TV-Y7 (Directed to Older Children -- This program is designed for children age 7 and above).  It
     may be more appropriate for children who have acquired the developmental skills needed to
     distinguish between make-believe and reality.  Themes and elements in this program may include
     mild fantasy or comedic violence, or may frighten children under the age of 7.  Therefore, parents
     may wish to consider the suitability of this program for their very young children.  Note:  For those
     programs where fantasy violence may be more intense or more combative than other programs in
     this category, such programs will be designated TV-Y7-FV.

     For programs designed for the entire audience, the general categories are:  

          TV-G (General Audience -- Most parents would find this program suitable for all ages).  Although
     this rating does not signify a program designed specifically for children, most parents may let
     younger children watch this program unattended.  It contains little or no violence, no strong
     language and little or no sexual dialogue or situations.

          TV-PG (Parental Guidance Suggested -- This program contains material that parents may find
     unsuitable for younger children).  Many parents may want to watch it with their younger children. 
     The theme itself may call for parental guidance and/or the program contains one or more of the
     following:  moderate violence (V), some sexual situations (S), infrequent coarse language (L), or
     some suggestive dialogue (D).

          TV-14 (Parents Strongly Cautioned -- This program contains some material that many parents
     would find unsuitable for children under 14 years of age).  Parents are strongly urged to exercise
     greater care in monitoring this program and are cautioned against letting children under the age of
     14 watch unattended.  This program contains one or more of the following:  intense violence (V),
     intense sexual situations (S), strong coarse language (L), or intensely suggestive dialogue (D).

          TV-MA (Mature Audience Only -- This program is specifically designed to be viewed by adults and
     therefore may be unsuitable for children under 17).  This program contains one or more of the
     following:  graphic violence (V), explicit sexual activity (S), or crude indecent language (L).

     8.   As proposed by the Industry, rating icons and associated content symbols appear for 15
seconds at the beginning of all rated programming and through the use of a display button on a remote
control device thereafter.  Under the TV Parental Guidelines, the rating guidelines will typically be applied
to television programs by broadcast and cable networks and producers, while television stations retain the
right to substitute the rating they deem appropriate for their audience.  The Industry notes that cable
networks and television stations will provide rating information to newspapers and publishers of printed and
electronic program guides, and will request that these publishers include the appropriate information in their
guides. 

     9.   According to the Industry, the TV Parental Guidelines will work with the v-chip technology
to permit parents to block programming with a certain rating from coming into their home.  The v-chip,
which will be installed in television sets, or available through set-top boxes, will read information encoded
in the program and block based on the overall age category or by the S, L, V, or D rating assigned to the
program, or by a combination of the two. 

     10.       The Industry has established an Oversight Monitoring Board to ensure that the rating
guidelines are applied accurately and consistently to television programming.  The Board is comprised of
a chairman and 23 members, including 6 members each from the broadcast television industry, the cable
industry, and the program production community, and 5 non-industry members selected by the Chairman
from the advocacy community, for a total of 24 members.  The Oversight Monitoring Board will provide
information to producers and other program distributors concerning the TV Parental Guidelines, as well as
address complaints and requests from the public about the TV Parental Guidelines and their implementation. 
The Oversight Monitoring Board will explore attitudes about the TV Parental Guidelines and the way in
which they are being applied to programming, conduct focus groups and commission quantitative studies
to determine whether the TV Parental Guidelines are providing useful information to parents, and consider
any needed changes to them.  The Industry has also committed to independent, scientific research and
evaluation of the rating system once the v-chip is in place.

             IV.  REVIEW OF THE VOLUNTARY PROPOSAL 

     11.  Section 551(e) of the 1996 Act directs the Commission, in consultation with appropriate
public interest groups and interested individuals from the private sector, to determine whether distributors
of video programming have established acceptable voluntary rules for rating video programming that
contains sexual, violent or other indecent material about which parents should be informed before it is
displayed to children, and to determine whether distributors of video programming have agreed voluntarily
to broadcast signals that contain ratings of such programming.  If we determine that these conditions are
not present, we are to establish an advisory committee.  On the basis of the advisory committee's
recommendations, we would then prescribe guidelines and recommended procedures for the identification
and rating of such video programming and to prescribe, in consultation with the television industry, rules
requiring distributors of any rated video programming to transmit such rating to permit parents to block
display of rated programming.  

          (1)   Consultation With Appropriate Public Interest Groups and
     Interested Individuals From the Private Sector

     12.  To implement Section 551's requirement that we consult with the public regarding the
acceptability of the TV Parental Guidelines, we issued public notices on February 7, 1997 (Initial Notice)
and on September 9, 1997 (Second Notice) seeking comment on, respectively, the Industry's initial TV
Parental Guidelines and the subsequently revised TV Parental Guidelines.  In this regard, we developed
a full record that includes the views of parents and teachers, public interest groups, medical professionals,
industry representatives and interested individuals from the private sector.  In addition to the comments filed
in response to our public notices, we received numerous informal comments from interested parties,
including comments received through electronic mail, and have made those comments part of the record. 
As a result, however, of the lengthy discussions between the industry and the public on the acceptability of
the TV Parental Guidelines after the January 17th filing, as well as a Congressional Hearing on the matter,
we determined that an additional public forum at the Commission was unnecessary.  We believe that
Congress's interest in having the Commission consult with the public on the acceptability of the TV Parental
Guidelines was augmented, in large degree, by the negotiations that took place between prominent advocacy
groups and the industry.  As a result, we considered the results of these negotiations, as well as the formal
and informal comments filed in our proceeding, in making our determination.  In addition, we have met with
various parties about their concerns. 

     13.   Our outreach efforts generated significant input on many important issues.  The January
17th filing generated a large number of commenters, with the majority of comments reflecting concern that
the rating system did not provide specific information identifying whether a program contained sexual,
violent or indecent material.  In response to the August 1, 1997 revisions to the TV Parental Guidelines, the
Commission received 11 formal comments, 2 reply comments and 2 informal comments, the majority of
which reflect general support for the revised TV Parental Guidelines.  In addition, on August 6, 1997, the
Commission received a letter from Representatives Burton, Markey, Moran and Spratt stating that the
revised ratings proposal has the broad support of advocacy groups and the broadcasting industry.  

     14.       Nine prominent advocacy groups have explicitly endorsed the TV Parental Guidelines
submitted by the Industry on August 1, 1997.  The groups are the American Medical Association; American
Academy of Pediatrics; American Psychological Association; Center for Media Education; Children's
Defense Fund; Children Now; National Association of Elementary School Principals; National Education
Association; and the National PTA (the "Concurring Advocacy Groups").  In a statement of acceptance,
the Concurring Advocacy Groups state that:
 
          [T]he TV Parental Guidelines have been developed collaboratively by members of the industry and
     the advocacy community.  We find this combined age and content based system to be acceptable and
     believe that it should be designated as the mandated system on the V-chip and used to rate all
     television programming, except for news and sports, which are exempt, and unedited movies with
     an MPAA rating aired on premium cable channels.  We urge the FCC to so rule as expeditiously as
     possible.

     15.       Most commenters urge the Commission to find that the TV Parental Guidelines, as revised,
are acceptable.  Commenters representing the interests of children, parents and teachers, medical disciplines,
program distributors, film producers and equipment manufactures, as well as several individual commenters
support the acceptability of the TV Parental Guidelines.  Many commenters find that the TV Parental
Guidelines will enable distributors to adequately identify sexual, violent, or other indecent material about
which parents should be informed prior to its display to children and to provide parents with timely access
to this information.  Several commenters, for example, cite specifically the addition of content descriptors
for sex, violence, language and dialogue to the TV Parental Guidelines' six age/maturity-based categories
as meeting the goal of providing parents with the information they need to make viewing choices for their
children.  Others cite the addition of the non-industry representatives to the Oversight Monitoring Board
in urging acceptance of the TV Parental Guidelines.

     16.       A few commenters raise concerns about the overall fairness of the Oversight Monitoring
Board and consistency in the application of ratings.  Some argue for a stronger oversight mechanism,
including enforcement and review procedures, that will achieve and maintain consistency of application of
the TV Parental Guidelines.  Other commenters encourage the Commission to permit the use of alternative
rating systems.  

     17.       Two commenters, Morality in Media and Robert Kimball, argue that the TV Parental
Guidelines are unacceptable even after revisions were made to the system, including the addition of  S, L,
V, and D descriptors.  These commenters generally contend that the TV Parental Guidelines fail to inform
parents of sexual and other indecent material in television programs.  Morality in Media believes the TV
Parental Guidelines do not give sufficient information to parents because the rating categories do not contain
objective and definite criteria for determining a program's rating.  Morality in Media also criticizes the
Industry's proposed rating system because it is based on the age-based MPAA rating system, a system it
claims provides the industry's own assessment as to the appropriateness of films and is designed to keep from
alerting parents as to the inappropriateness of many Hollywood films.  Kimball requests that the
Commission not find the TV Parental Guidelines acceptable because they are inadequate and would fail to
inform parents of sexual and other indecent material in television programs they may not want their children
to watch.  Morality in Media also argues that NBC's failure to rate programs in accordance with the TV
Parental Guidelines means that the "Industry" has not voluntarily agreed to transmit the ratings as required
by Section 551(e)(1)(B).

                         (2)  Establishment and Acceptability Of Voluntary Rules For
                              Rating Video Programming 

     18.       After reviewing the TV Parental Guidelines and considering the comments filed and the
viewpoints expressed throughout this proceeding, we find that, in accordance with Section 551(e)(1)(A) of
the 1996 Act, distributors of video programming have established acceptable voluntary rules for rating video
programming that contains sexual, violent, or other indecent material about which parents should be
informed before it is displayed to children.

     19.       Section 551 requires that the Commission determine whether the TV Parental Guidelines
are acceptable.  As a preliminary matter, we must determine what it means for the rating system to be
"acceptable."  The term is not defined in the statute, nor are we aware of any statutory interpretation of the
term that would be relevant to our determination here.  Applying the general meaning of the term, we
believe that it is reasonable to interpret the statute to mean that the rating system is acceptable if it meets
both the specific requirements of Section 551(e) and the overall goals of Congress in enacting Section 551.

     20.       Section 551(e)(1)(A) states that the rating system must provide information about
programming that contains sexual, violent or other indecent material about which parents should be informed
before it is displayed to children.  The TV Parental Guidelines provide a comprehensive system for rating
programming that contains violent, sexual, or other indecent material, with specific rating information for
programs designed solely for children.  Programming designated solely for children is age-based to indicate
programming appropriate for all children (including ages two to six), programming for older children (ages
seven and above) with a more specific content indicator for fantasy violence.  Programming for the entire
audience is also age-based and supplemented by content indicators for sex, violence, adult language and
suggestive dialogue.  Morality in Media argues that the categories are subjective.  We agree with the majority
of commenters, however, who believe that the age-based, content supplemented system adopted by the
Industry is sufficiently objective to provide parents with information necessary to make informed decisions. 
We do not agree with commenters who argue that we cannot find the system "acceptable" absent the
inclusion of more specific details about varying degrees of violent, sexual, or other indecent materials found
in the programming.  The TV Parental Guidelines provide for weighing of each of the descriptors
depending on which of the age-based categories it is associated with, i.e., the "V" in TV-PG-V means
"moderate violence" while the "V" in TV-14-V means "intense violence."  As a result, we do not believe that
additional descriptors are necessary to meet the goals of Congress in adopting Section 551.  Congress
required that the rating system be sufficient to advise parents of the appearance of sexual, violent or indecent
material in certain programming.  We find that the TV Parental Guidelines meet this goal.

     21.       Some commenters raise concerns that the TV Parental Guidelines do not rate sports, news,
commercials or promotions.  Parties argue that these programs contain sexual or violent material that may
be harmful to children.  As an initial matter, we note that the EIA standard that we are adopting in the V-
chip Proceeding accommodates the rating of programs, including commercials within the program.  Since
advertisers target specific audiences reached by particular programming, it is not unreasonable for the
Industry to rely on the program blocking mechanism to also filter commercials that appear in the program. 
While it appears that commercials that are not encoded may be passed through, such as locally inserted
advertisements, we do not think that failure to rate advertisements individually will defeat the purpose of
Congress in enacting Section 551.  We also think it is important to recognize that the decision to exclude
these categories of programming was made with the support of the advocacy groups that negotiated revisions
to the Industry proposal.  Similarly, we think it is not unreasonable for the Industry to exempt sports and
news programming.  In addition to the practical limitations in rating such programming, we note that
Congress recognized the danger in requiring rating of political programming, which is often an integral
element in news programming.  As a result, we conclude that the TV Parental Guidelines are acceptable
even though the Industry has decided not to rate these programs as a general rule.

     22.       We agree with commenters who express concern that to be useful, the rating system must
be applied in a consistent and accurate manner.  The record here indicates that the Industry has taken steps
to insure that this is the case.  The agreement reached between the Industry and the advocacy groups commits
the Industry to independent, scientific research and  evaluation of the rating system once the v-chip is in
place.  We believe that this independent research and evaluation is important to determine whether the
rating system is working and providing parents with the information needed to make viewing choices for
their children.  We view this research and evaluation effort as an important opportunity for parents to assess
the usefulness of the rating system and provide input on the consistency and accuracy of the ratings.  We
expect that the research and evaluation of the rating system, once the system has been in use, will allow for
adjustments and improvements to the system.  We view this commitment as an important element in the
proposal.

     23.       We also believe that the Oversight Monitoring Board can play an important role in making
the ratings meaningful by helping to ensure a consistency of approach in rating the programs.  We note that
in response to concerns raised by the public interest groups, the Industry agreed to add 5 non-industry
members, drawn from the advocacy community, to the board.  While some commenters raise concerns that
the board, with 19 industry members, is still unbalanced, we agree with the majority of commenters that
the addition of representatives from the advocacy community will provide an important voice for non-
industry interests and will permit useful oversight of the rating system.  

     24.       We believe that, based on the record before us, the TV Parental Guidelines serve the goals
of Section 551.  The voluntary rating system addresses Congress' concern that parents have timely
information about the nature of upcoming video programming.  The Industry has voluntarily agreed to
transmit ratings over line 21 of the VBI.  Under the TV Parental Guidelines, rating icons and descriptors will
be displayed for 15 seconds at the beginning of a program and may be displayed at any time through the use
of a remote control display button.  Also, the size of the icon has been increased from the initial proposal
so that it will occupy more than 40 scan lines on the television screen.  The TV Parental Guidelines, used
in conjunction with the v-chip technology, will give parents the tools they need to limit the exposure of their
children to video programming that they believe is inappropriate. 

     25.       In the Second Notice we asked for comment on whether the Commission should determine
the acceptability of any alternative ratings systems used by video programming distributors.  Some
commenters asked the Commission to guarantee access to alternative ratings systems, and we are aware of
at least one programmer, NBC, that has implemented its own variation of the Industry rating system.  We
believe, however, that Congress intended that we evaluate only the system of rules established through
industry consensus.  Section 551 was designed to give the industry an opportunity to come to a consensus
on a system of rules before the Commission would establish its own rating guidelines.  Just as the
Commission would be charged with prescribing one set of guidelines to be followed -- on a  voluntary basis
-- industry-wide, it is reasonable to conclude that Congress expected any voluntary rules established by
distributors under Section 551(e) to be one uniform system arrived at through consensus.  This interpretation
is borne out by the legislative history, which refers repeatedly to one industry system of rules.  The
Conference Report, for example, states that the advisory committee provision is only triggered if the
Commission determines that "distributors of video programming have not established an acceptable
voluntary system for rating programming nor agreed voluntarily to broadcast signals that contain ratings of
such programming."  The Conference Report further states that the Commission guidelines and
recommended procedures discussed in Section 551(b)(1) "are intended to provide industry with a carefully
considered and practical system for rating programs if industry does not develop such a system itself."  The
debate on Section 551 further emphasizes that Congress envisioned the collaborative establishment of one
industry rating system.  For example, Senator Conrad urged "television broadcasters, cable operators, and
other video programmers to take advantage of the 12-month period provided under section 551 to voluntarily
develop an identification or rating system that will help parents to make informed decisions about television
programming that is appropriate for children."  We therefore believe that Congress intended that we
evaluate only the single Industry proposal.  We make no finding on the acceptability of other ratings systems,
including the Industry proposal as it existed prior to the August 1, 1997 modifications.

     26.       Because we find that Section 551(e) contemplates that the Commission review only the
Industry proposal,  we similarly conclude that Congress did not intend that we mandate accessibility to
alternative ratings systems. Consequently, our companion technical item issued today does not mandate that
the v-chip accommodate alternative rating systems, although it does encourage manufacturers to design TV
receivers to provide for additional ratings systems to the extent practical.  We envision that the Industry and
the manufacturers will work together to accommodate industry innovations in the rating system. 

          (3)  Voluntary Agreement to Broadcast Signals

     27.       The statute also requires that we determine whether "distributors of video programming have
. . . agreed voluntarily to broadcast signals that contain ratings of such programming."  The Industry's
original proposal stated:  "We have agreed to encode the guideline for each program on line 21 of the
Vertical Blanking Interval once the Commission establishes a technical standard.  This will enable the 'v-
chip' and permit parents to use the TV Parental Guidelines to control children's television viewing when
parents are not in the home."  According to the original proposal, the industry group that developed the
proposed system "represented all segments of the television industry:  the national broadcast networks;
affiliated, independent and public television stations nationwide; cable programmers, producers and
distributors of cable programming; entertainment companies; movie studios; and members of the creative
guilds representing writers, directors, producers and actors."  In its August 1, 1997 submission, the Industry
reiterated that "[t]he TV Parental Guidelines are voluntarily and broadly supported by the television industry
which has pledged to begin transmitting ratings information on line 21 of the VBI within six months."  

     28.       We recognize that not all video programming distributors have agreed to transmit the ratings
system that we have found acceptable.  For example, BET has chosen not to participate in the TV Parental
Guidelines system, and NBC has decided to continue to apply the Industry ratings system as it existed prior
to the August 1 modifications.  Morality in Media argues that because NBC is an integral part of the
industry, its failure to commit to the agreed upon system results in failure by the industry to submit a
voluntary plan in accordance with the statute.

     29.       We do not believe that the statute requires that every video programming distributor
nationwide agree to transmit the ratings.  Such a reading would mean, for example, that the failure of a single
small television station to transmit the ratings would cause the entire system to fail.  On the other hand, we
believe that participation must be sufficiently ubiquitous to achieve Congress' goals in enacting Section 551,
including the goal of permitting parents "to easily block violent, sexual or other programming that they
believe harmful to their children."  The more video programming distributors that do not participate, and
the larger the audience reach of the distributors that do not participate, the more difficulty parents will have
blocking the programming they consider inappropriate.  We stress that we are not forcing any video
programming distributor to transmit ratings, or suggesting that they transmit a particular ratings scheme. 
Under 551(e), we are required to determine whether, as a factual matter, video programming distributors
have voluntarily agreed to transmit the Industry proposal.  If we find that they have not, the 1996 Act
provides that the Commission shall prescribe "on the basis of recommendations from an advisory committee
established by the Commission . . . guidelines and recommended procedures for the identification and rating
of video programming that contains sexual, violent, or other indecent material about which parents should
be informed before it is displayed to children."

     30.       The decisions of individual parties, such as NBC and BET, not to participate in the current
Industry proposal can make it more difficult for parents who wish to use content indicators to block
programming using the TV Parental Guidelines.  In the case of BET, which will transmit no ratings at all,
parents may be required to use a separate date/time/channel blocking mechanism to block programming
(assuming that their television set provides such a feature).   As for NBC, a major network, parents will not
be able to block programming based upon the different content indicators within each age-based category. 
Under the TV Parental Guidelines, for instance, a parent who was primarily concerned about exposing his
or her child to television violence could establish a more restrictive standard for the violent programming
that would be allowed to enter the home than for sexual situations or strong language.  This will not be
possible under the NBC approach.  Nonetheless, parents will be able to block programming based on age
categories.

     31.       Based on the record, we conclude that Congress' goals will be achieved to a sufficient degree
to warrant a finding that video programming distributors have voluntarily agreed to broadcast the Industry
ratings system.  To our knowledge, the only national video programming distributors that have elected not
to participate are BET and NBC.  Given this near-unanimity, we believe that the TV Parental Guidelines will
provide parents with a useful and easy-to-use tool to block programming that they consider harmful to their
children. 
     
                         V.  CONCLUSION

     32.       In their joint statement of July 10, 1997, the Industry and Concurring Advocacy Groups ask
that we give the rating system a fair chance to work and allow parents an opportunity to understand and use
the system.  Further efforts are underway to provide information and educate parents about the rating
system, such as encouraging publishers of periodicals, newspapers and journals to include the ratings with
program listings and making available videos and brochures to parents through local cable companies,
schools, libraries and civic organizations.  As a result of the joint efforts of the Industry and the public
groups who have so diligently participated in the development of the TV Parental Guidelines in furtherance
of Congress' goals, we believe that parents will be provided with needed information about programming
before it is displayed to children and given the technological tools necessary to easily block programming
that they consider harmful. 

     33.       Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that pursuant to the authority found in Section 551(e) of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the industry's establishment
of voluntary rules for rating video programming is consistent with the requirements of Section 551(e) (1) and (2). 


                              FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION



                              Magalie Roman Salas 
                              Secretary

                          APPENDIX  A 
                                
                   Communications Act of 1934
                         as amended by
               The Telecommunications Act of 1996
                                
                     Subtitle B - Violence


Section 551. PARENTAL CHOICE IN TELEVISION PROGRAMMING.
     (a)  FINDINGS. --  The Congress makes the following findings:

               (1)  Television influences children's perception of the values and behavior that are common and acceptable in society.

               (2)  Television station operators, cable television system operators, and video programmers should follow practices in connection with video
     programming that take into consideration that television broadcast and cable programming has established a uniquely pervasive presence in the lives of American
     children.

               (3)  The average American child is exposed to 25 hours of television each week and some children are exposed to as much as 11 hours of television a
     day.

               (4)  Studies have shown that children exposed to violent video programming at a young age have a higher tendency for violent and aggressive behavior
     later in life than children not so exposed, and that children exposed to violent video programming are prone to assume that acts of violence are acceptable behavior.

               (5)  Children in the United States are, on average, exposed to an estimated 8,000 murders and 100,000 acts of violence on television by the time the
     child completes elementary school.

               (6)  Studies indicate that children are affected by the pervasiveness and casual treatment of sexual material on television, eroding the ability of parents
     to develop responsible attitudes and behavior in their children.

               (7)  Parents express grave concern over violent and sexual video programming and strongly support technology that would give them greater control to
     block video programming in the home that they consider harmful to their children.

               (8)  There is a compelling governmental interest in empowering parents to limit the negative influences of video programming that is harmful to
     children.

               (9)  Providing parents with timely information about the nature of upcoming video programming and with the technological tools that allow them easily
     to block violent, sexual, or other programming that they believe harmful to their children is a nonintrusive and narrowly tailored means of achieving that compelling
     governmental interest.                           APPENDIX B
                                
              Responses to Industry Submission of
                        January 17, 1997
          (electronic mail correspondence not listed)

Comments
American Academy of Pediatrics
American Medical Association
American Psychological Association
Ameritech New Media
Benton Foundation
Block, Robert S.
Cantor, Joanne (professor, Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison)
Center for Media Education, American Medical Association, Center for Media Literacy, Children's
          Defense Fund, Children Now, Cultural Environment Movement, Institute for Public Affairs of the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, Media Center
     of the Judge Bater Children's Center, National Alliance for Non-Violent Programming, National Association for Family and Community Education, National Association
     of Elementary School Principals, National Association of School Psychologists, National Coalition on Television Violence, National Council of La Raza, National
     Education Association, National Institute on Media and the Family, National Parent Teacher Association, Public Media Center, and Teachers for Resisting Unhealthy
     Children's Entertainment
Children Now
Children's Defense Fund
Coats, Senator Dan 
Collings, Tim (professor, Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia)
Concerned Women for America
Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association
Cosmos Broadcasting Corporation
Deem, Richard 
Douglas, Andre J.T.*
EEG Enterprises
Hutson, William E.
Institute for Public Affairs, Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America
Joint Congressional Letter (signed by 16 Representatives and 7 Senators)
KAMR-TV
KEYC-TV 
KWWL-TV
KXLY-TV
Langley, Scott
Lessie Bates Davis Daycare*
Media Access Project (on behalf of Peggy Charren)
Mediascope
Michigan Decency Action Council
Morality in Media, Inc.
National Alliance for Non-Violent Programming
National Association of Famity & Community Education
National Coalition on Television Violence
National Institute on Media and the Family
OKTV
Para Technologies, Inc.
Presbyterian Church (USA)
Public Broadcasting Service
Raff, James C.
Salvatierra, Hector Garcia
Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression
University of California, Santa Barbara Research Team
VideoFreedom, Inc.
Waikman, F. Joseph 
WBFX-TV 
WGEM-TV
WMTV-TV
WOIO-TV and WUAB-TV
WUAB-TV
WXMI-TV
Writer's Guild of America

*Received After April 8, 1997

Reply Comments
ABC, Inc.
American Civil Liberties Union
American Library Association
American Psychological Administration
Bronsnick, Andrew
Center for Media Education, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
          American Psychological Association, Center for Media Literacy, Children's Defense Fund, Cultural Environment Movement, Institute for Public Affairs of the Union
     of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, Media Center of the Judge Baker's Children's Center, National Alliance for Non-Violent Programming, National
     Association for Family and Community Education, National Association of Elementary School Principals, National Association of School Psychologists, National
     Coalition on Television Violence, National Council of La Raza, National Education Association, National Institute on Media and the Family, National Parent Teacher
     Association, Public Media Center, Teachers Resisting Unhealthy Children's Entertainment.
Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association
Family Research Council
Media Coalition Inc.
National Association of Broadcasters, National Cable Television Association and
          the Motion Picture Association of America - Joint Reply Comments
National Campaign for Freedom of Expression
OKTV
People for the American WayPublic Broadcasting Service

Surreply Comments
Block, Robert S.
Hamilton, James T.
Omegapoint Communications (L.Lynn Hinderaker)
Soundview Technologies, Inc. (H.Lee Brown)
The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the PressInformal Comments Received 

Aaby, Patrick
Abbott, Lori & James
Abeyta, Mrs. G.
Abrams, Andrea
Abro, Christine
Ackerhalt, S.
Ackerman, Linda
Ackerman, Mildred
Ackerman, Scott S.
Adam, Linda
Adams, Bruce & Carol
Adams, Penny
Adams, Sharon & Mack
Adamski, Brenda
Adelmann, Debbie  & Wally
Adgate, Mrs. Charles R.
Adkins, Cindy
Aetersack, Patricia D.
Ager, Pat
Ahlmor, Pamela
Ahrens, Michelle
Ahvens, Arnold J.
Aishman, Sharron
Albina, Sharon
Ali, Patricia
Allen, Cara
Allen, Denise
Allgeyer, David
Allnut, Dale
Allorio, Frank
Alloway, Jennifer
Allred, Edward & Arlene
Allsup, Sue
Almond, Vera
Altizer, Greg & Kim
Alvarez, Karla
Alyea, Mischa
Ambrose, Cathy & Bob
Amico, Susan & Dave
Amsler, David
Anderson, Barry K.
Anderson, Bette
Anderson, Brent & Hollie
Anderson, Brad & Valerie
Anderson, Dan & Holly
Anderson, Donna P.
Anderson, Jane
Anderson, Karen M.
Anderson, Kathy
Anderson, Kim
Anderson, Lorraine
Anderson, Melvin H. & Lurlene M
Anderson, Steve & Susan.
Anderson, Sue
Anderson, Susan
Anderson, Terry G..
Anderson, Vicki
Andre, Sue
Andreasen, Erik, et. al
Andresen, Karen
Angel, Helen B, 
     and Coventy, Stanley
Angla, Vickie
Anthony, Lorraine
Applewhaite, Andrew
Archer, Tanya
Arendall, Helen
Argyelan, Peggy L.
Armstrong, Debbie L.
Armstrong, Jeannie
Armstrong, Tim
Armstrong, William G.
Arndt, Samantha E.
Arnett, David Bruce (2)
Arnold, Judith M.
Arnold, Scott & Jane
Arra, Linda & Tom
Arthur, John
Asai, E. & Family
Asay, Tamara
Ash-Larson, Beverly
Askew,Dr. & Mrs. Dennis W.
Askew, William
Atayde, Marylou
Atleberry, Debra
Austin, Ellie
Avioh, Virginia
Aycock, Helen M.
Ayuso, Rosalina (Concilio para la
     Educacion de la Familia) 
Babcock, Diane
Babcock, Peggy
Backer, Susan
Backer, Cathy
Backowski, Phil & Mary
Badeer, Deb
Bagge, Burt
Bahr, Jayne
Bailey, Barbara
Bailey, Melissa
Bailey, Shawn
Bailey, Teresa
Bailey, Melissa
Bainett, Carla
Baird, Tamra M.
Bakeman, Sandra
Baker, Lara
Baker, Leesa
Baker, Lynne
Baker, Maydell
Baker, Michele
Baker, Ralph
Baker, Tera L.
Bakker, Linda, et. al 
Balan, Debbie
Balcone, Dyanne
Baldauf, Maria A.
Baldwin, Mrs. Jocelyn
Bales, Leonard & Donna
Ball, Lisa
Ball, Patti
Ballard, Vicki
Balm, Ted
Bambas, Karen et. al
Banales, Dolores
Bancroft, Barbara
Bandsma, Marcia
Banker, Jerry & Janet
Bankston, Elaine
Banner, Raymond V.
Barbarich, Valerie
Barber, E. & Jane
Barber, Kathryn
Barbian, Cyndi
Barbie, Judy S.
Barbour, Corinne Charlton
Barker, Sharon
Barlow, Carolee
Barnett, Sandra H.
Barr, Lori E.
Barrett, Steve & Jana
Barrick, Vera
Barron, June E.
Barry, Carolyn M.
Barry, Jeanie
Bartelmay, Janet
Bartlett, Louise S.
Bartolone, Lynn
Barton, Sandra Jean
Barton, Charlene
Bartosh, Terry
Bartoszek, Jan, et.al
Basile, Kim
Bass, Naomi
Bassett, Rona
Bataan, Alvin
Bateman, Carol
Bauer, Rachel
Baumgardner, Rodger & Gay
Baumgartner, Judy
Baxley, Shawn
Bayles, Rachel, et. al
Bays, Jody
Beaman, Nina
Beasley, Cheryl
Beaty, Nancy
Beck, Todd & Elissa
Becker, Marla
Becker, Marlene,Gaudio, Bern
Beckett, Garry & Linda
Beeman, Stacy
Beers, Sandra M.
Beggs, Billie
Begin, Suzanne
Beinel, Patricia
Belford, Mr. & Mrs. Jim
Belgen, Tammi
Bell, Lou Ann
Bellusa, Carla
Belsaas, Leonard & Virginia
Bembibro, Ivonne
Benigro, Debra
Benson, Inga
Bentley, Martha
Benton PTA
Benz, Ron
Berberet, Mr. & Mrs. Bill
Berdine, Wilma
Beres, Nancy
Berg, Dr. Jolene
Berg, Rosanne
Berghorst, Mr. & Mrs. Robert
Bermude, Maria C.
Bernhard, Jane M.
Berry, Laura
Berthelette, Carolyn
Best, Joan, et al.
Beutler, Peg
Beyak, Paula
Beyer, Terry & Becky
Bezek, Carrie
Bickford, Gloria
Bickmore, Mari
Bigler, Ken
Bin-David, Cindy
Bingham, Charlotte
Birarelli, Mary A.
Birnbaum, Amy
Bishop, Max & Betty
Bison, Lisa
Bistline, Chris
Bittner, Larry
Bittner, Tracy
Bixby, Michele
Bizzarri, Viola
Black, Betty R.
Black, Pat
Blackham, Nila
Blair, Lynn Dee
Blair, Wade & Dana
Blake, Dolores J.
Blake, Madeleine
Blalock, Ethel
Bland, James
Bland, Kathleen
Blandford, Brian
Blatnik, Suzanne E.
Blaugh, Cheryl
Blevins, Rhonda
Block, Mitchell & Debra
Blodgett, Marguerite, Piper,
Bloecker, Julie
Blonigen, Sister Mary Adella
Blore, Carmel
Blum, Kathleen
Blumenthal, Carol Pinsky
Boardman, Debra
Boatman, Janet E.
Bobbs, Maxine M.
Bode, Terri (2)
Boden, LoraLei
Boehard, Pam & Steve
Boender, David & Vera
Boerger, Mr. & Mrs. Gaylord
Boersma, Susanne
Bollenger, Christopher
Bollinger, Kelley
Bollinger, Mindy
Bolton, Tammy
Boman, Elizabeth E.
Boman, Michael L.
Bond, Cheryl
Bonner, Ruth & William
Booe, Tinka
Boron, Sandra
Boske, Sally A.
Bostany, Joe & Janet
Bostran, Deborah
Bouchard, Melissa
Boucher, Michael & Pamela
Boughton, Gail
Bowan, Jeanne
Bowden,Kathy (DuBree,      Beth)
Bowers, Noah
Bowman, Craig E.
Bowman, M. Anne
Bowman, Ruth S.
Bowser, Daniel
Boyd, Linda
Boyd, Sally P.
Boyda, Laurel
Boykin, Gene
Boykin, Gloria
Boyle, Renee
Bracken, Steve & Tina
Brady, Matt & Shauna
Brage, Sue
Brandt, Thomas
Brandt, Thomas J.
Branson, Michelle
Brawn, Kathleen
Brayman, Dawn
Breedlove, Mary M.
Breen, James D.
Breihan, Jeannette
Brenner, Mr. & Mrs. Marc
Bressette, Bill & Susan
Brewer, Paige S.
Bridges, Helen M.
Bridges, Kimberly A.
Briggs, Shauna Lyn
Brily, Ronald L.
Brinton, Natalie, et.al
Brochu, Laurie A.
Brockman, Pam
Broderick, Janet
Brody, Diane
Broodhead, Teresa
Brooig, Heather
Brooks, Melinda
Bross, Vernice
Brothwell, Bob D.
Brown, Avis
Brown, Christie
Brown, Deborah
Brown, Diane
Brown, Karen, et. al
Brown, Kathy
Brown, Kaylene
Brown, Shari & Brad
Brubaker, Linda
Bruce, Shelly J.
Brull, John V.
Brunk, Sakina F.
Brunson, Burnece
Brunson, Teresa W.
Brunswick Preschool PTA
Bruorton, Darlene
Bryant, Keith G.
Bryce, Mrs. Marlene
Brynteson, Susan
Buchanan, Doug
Buchanan, Jerry
Bucher, Terry 
Buchner, Sharon
Buckley, Velma J.
Budz, Virg
Buening, Stephanie
Buesching, Kathleen
Buggeln-Bosworth, Leslie
Buhlen, Victor
Bullard, Virginia
Bullock, LuAnn
Bungard, Barb
Buntz, Mark A.
Burdoin, Erica M.
Burke, Lynn
Burleson, Bill
Burmeister, Jack
Burnam, Marvin
Burns, Linda
Burrell, Sissey
Burton, Diane
Burton, Lara J.
Busbee-Young, Lisa
Bushie, Robin
Bushong, Laura
Buster, Charlotte
Bustos, Terrence
Butler, Caroline
Butler, Geraldine
Butner, Robert
Byers, Sherrie Thomas
Byrd, Derrick
Byrd, Edith
Byrd, Valerie
Cabe, Dorothy
Cabe, Helen
Cahill, Chris & Lisa
Caldwell, Mrs. James
Caleca, Denise
Calkins, Kathy & Mark
Callahan PTA
Calloway, Gladys
Calvert County Council of PTAs 
Cameron, Mariah
Camp, Linda J.
Campos, Carol
Candill, Mr. & Mrs.L. Albert
Canfield, Carol
Cannon, Connie
Cannon, Dr. Earl
Cantwell, Chuch & Laura
Caplan, Carolee
Capraio, Janet
Capri, Mr. Les
Capri, Sonia
Cardwell, Mike & Kelly et. al
Carlton, Danette
Carlton, Susan J.
Carlton, Sue
Carluzzo, Mike
Carmosino, Mary
Carnes, Aleta B.
Carney, John W.
Carney, Patricia
Carol, Cathy
Carpenter, Cori
Carr, Allan C.
Carrero, Helen
Carroll, Marilyn
Carroll, Tami, et. al
Carson, Renee
Carter, Carol J.
Carter, Joni
Cartes, Deborah
Cartes, C.D.
Carton, Robin
Carver, Elizabeth
Casalina, Mary Alice
Casey, Barbara
Casey, Geraldine
Casey, Kelley
Casey, Mark
Casey, Phyllis & Patrick
Cash, Betty
Cassidy, Christi
Castro, Ivelisse
Caulfield, Nancy
Caywood, Elsa
Cedillo, Minerva
Celley, Patricia
Cerattan, Holly Smith
Chambers, Doris
Chandler, Jude
Changnon, Marc
Chapin, Cecily M.
Chaplin, Rebecca C.
Chapman, Sandra
Chase, Katherine
Chavez, A., et. al
Chebuhar, Nancy
Cheesman, Creta
Chen, Phertin
Chen, Sharon
Cheng, Susan
Cherven, Arlyne
Chiariello, Kathy
Chorba, John A.
Chorey, Mary
Christison, Michael & Dayna
Christy, Cindy
Chu, Mr. & Mrs. Thanh
Chu-Fong, Frances
Chudoba, Jane C.
Chung, Cathy
Claborn, Judy
Clantier, Debra
Clanton, Shane
Clark, Eileeen
Clark, Jerry L. (and Favorite Hill
      PTA Members)
Clark, Lauren
Clar, Leticia
Clarke, William T.
Clautrec, Francois
Clayton, Debbie
Clement, Debbie
Clement, Steve & Debbie
Clementz, Lisa A.
Clermont, Julie
Cleveland, Bev R.
Clevenger, Robin P.
Clibourn, John A.
Click, Eva H.
Clifford, Mrs. Alice M.
Cline, Terry
Cline, Sharon (Community
     Crime Prevention Council)
Clubb, Mary F.
Cnota, Carrie, et al
Cochran, Dana
Cocker, Vickie
Coffin, Kathleen M.
Coghill, Kathy
Cohen, Bonnie
Cohen, Mr. Mark
Cohoon, Edie
Colbeth, Mr. & Mrs. R.
Cole, Terry
Coleman, Bobbie & Curtis
Colie, Hannah & Christopher
Collins, Jani H.
Collins, Karen & Michael
Collins, Nancee
Colvin, Monica
Combs, Sharon
Cone, Cynthia, et. al
Coneys, Megan
Conley, Betty & Mark
Connelly, Sheili
Connolly, Ann P.
Conyers, IlieBelle
Cook, Donna
Cook, Georgeana M.
Cook, Janice L.
Cook, Willie & Virginia
Coombs, James & Josephine
Coon, Stephanie
Cooney, Henry & Eileen
Coons, Lela
Cooper, Hilma F. 
     (MCLINC Library Asso.)
Cooper, Karen & Kim
Cooper, Lester
Cooper, Mina A.
Copello, Miguel
Copelton, Jack & Lynn
Copp, Linda
Corbridge, Brenda & Wayne
Cordray, Shelley
Cornell, Mr. & Mrs. Robert
Cornett, Sherri
Cornwell, Mr. & Mrs. Philip
Corry, Eldon
Cortese, Mr. & Mrs. Robert
Cosnowski, Amy Marie
Costello, Rita M.
Cotswold Elementary School
Couch, Tammy
Coughlin, William J.
Coulter, Julie
Covelle, Rita G. (Morality In Media      of MA) Cowell,
Pat, Terrie
Cox, Carol
Cox, Janice
Cox, Julie
Cox, Nina R.
Cox, Stephen
Coyra-Caliens, Madeleine
Crabtree, Barbara
Crabtree, Gene
Craig, Cindy
Craig, David C.
Craig, Scott & Karen
Cramer, Deborah
Cranford, Miriam
Crenshaw, Jean
Crescent View Middle School PTSA
Crew, Aubrey T.
Crocker, Lisa
Crook, Debbie
Crouse, Ja net'
Crow, Elaine
Crow, Robin
Crowe, Susan G.
Crystal Lake Elementary
Cuadra, Maritza G.
Cucher, Terri J.
Culen, Sara
Cullen, Donna J. 
Cullen, Trisha
Culver, Diane
Cummings, Karen L.
Cummings, Shirley
Cummisky, Michelle S.
Cummisky, Paul
Cunningham, Kristen D.
Curren, Caroline J.
Currier, Kay
Curry, Nicole
Curry, Amy
Curtis, Pam
Cuvo, Tina
Cyr, Carol
Czerpak, Nina A.
Dacar, Dale & Shelley
Dahl, Brenda
Dailey, K.C.
Dale, Lori
Dalluge, Yvonne.
Daly, Rita
Daly, Mary Jo
Daly, Pamela L.
Daly, Tamera S.
Damiano, Sandra L., et. al
Daniel, Pam
Danos, Nancy
Dansby, Barbara
Darbyshire, Meliss
Darling, Mrs. Theresa
Darnall, Frankie
Daub, Mary, Jack & Sherry
Davidson, Debra M.
Davies, Lester A.
Davies, Patricia
Davies, Rebecca
Davig, Carrol
Davillier, Faneeman
Davis, Dale E.
Davis, Eleanor
Davis, Faye
Davis, James E.
Davis, Kathy
Davis, Marvin & Mary
Davis, Mr. & Mrs. Ray
Davis, Mrs. Paula I.
Davis, Sherry
Davis, Robin
Davis, Terry.
Davison, Ms. Irene
Dawson, Ann
Dawson, James
Day, Donna
Dearing, Julie
DeAtley, Dale
DeCesare, Karen & Kenneth
Decker, Harry J.
Deem, Patricia
Deese, Margaret
Deese, Mary & Phillip
DeFelice, Michele
DeFelice, Nancy
Defenbaugh, Penny
Degen, Diane A.
DeGering, David & Susan
Deishu, Angela
Del Molino, Angel
Del Rio, Aida
Dela Vega, Joseph
DeLa Cruz, Ellen
Delaney, Jean
DeLeomlus, Angela
DeLeon, Notolio
Delgado, Sally
Delorme, Elaine M.
Demonte, Linda
Demos, Adrian
Denby, Mindy
Denham, Rita
DeSales, Mary
DeSanto-Alvis, Reena
DeShazier, Paula R.
Deslate, Enrico
Desmond, Dr. & Mrs. Walter
Despain, Lynn & Merrily
DeValve, Bob & Jean
DeVillers, Donna M. (3)
Devlin, Donna
Devlin, Jayne
DeWitt, Rosemary & Ted
DeWitt, Leonard W.
DiBattista, Rosemary G.
Dickey, Donna L.
Diehl, Brenda
Diener, Kathryn M.
Dierkes, Kathryn
Dietz, Jessica
Diez, Mary
Dillon, Diana
Dilworth, Mrs. C.
DiMeglia, Blanca
DiNardo, Nancy
DiNardo, P.
Dingman, Laurie
DiPasquale, Angela
Dishman, Tressa
Dix, Walter
Dixon, Debra
Dixon, S.H.
Dixon, Teresa H.
Dodson, Fran
Domen, Anne
Dominick, Kelly
Donahue, Gail
Donnell, Lillian
Dooley, Sharron
Doss, Ms. Cinderella
Dougherty, Deborah
Dougherty, Julie
Douglas, Andre J.T.
Douglas, J. Scott
Douglass, Mr. & Mrs. Patrick
Dowd, Elvia
Doxsie, Winnie 
Drake, Marty
Drake, Victoria L.
Dreisiger, Pamela
Dreit, Melanie
Dreterle, Colleen M.
Dry, Gravesse
DuCette, Sarah
Duda-Mulligan, Gladys
Dugan, Mr. & Mrs.
Duguay, Gretchen
Duhon, DeWayne
Duncan, Mrs. Maggie
Duncan, Therese
Dunlap, Tiffany
Dunn, Richard & Susan
Duque-Estrada, Daniel
Durbin, Betty
Dvorak, David & Vicky
Dworaczyk, Nancy
Dye, Mr. & Mrs. Michael
Dyer, Tammie
Eagle Communications, Inc.
      (Jane English)
Earnest, Anita
Easley, Patricia A.
Easterwood, Sharon
Eaydes, Lisa
Eberhardt, Sharon
Eby, Susan U.
Edmondson, Betty J.
Edmonston, Molly T.
Edmunds, Frank & Kathy
Edwards, Martha
Egbert, Lisa
Egerton, Debby
Eghert, Liz
Ehrenzeller, Cindy
Eisenhauer, Julie
Elam, Maj Carl (Ret.) 
Eldridge, Brent
Ellis, Charnoise
Ellis, Donnie
Ellison, Sarah
Elsaesser, Mrs. Connie
Elvig, Lee Ann
Elwell, Martha
Emerson, Debbie
Emery, David
Emery, Roseanne & Luis
Endres, Lorraine
Engels, Linela
Englehart, Carola
Enright, Kelly & Ed
Enright, Jim
Epstein, Karen
Erdman, Lois
Erickson, Annette
Erickson, Donna
Erwin, Martha
Eskridge, Mary
Esplin, Keith & Caryn
Eubanks, Lillie
Eudy, Carol
Evans, Brenda K. (and Anne
      Arundel PTA Members)
Evans, Hallie
Evans, N.
Eversole, C.
Everson, Janet
Ewers, Kathryn E.
Eyestone, Susan
Fabris, Judy
Fafinski, Kristy L.
Fainell, Christy A.
Faison, David & Kim
Fallico, Susan M.
Fanshaw, Carol
Fascione, Helen C.
Fazio, JoAnn
Faziola, Marilyn
Federico, Valerie
Fedorke, Mrs. Helen Lee
Feeder, Maureen B.
Feehan, Kris
Feher, Mr. & Mrs. Stephen
Felan, Joan
Felder, Maureen B.
Felippi, Karen & Mark
Feninger, Camille
Fenter, Karen Kasold
Fernandez, John
Ferrara, Anna
Ferrier, Mrs. Debby
Ferro, Thomas & Jodi
Ferstenberg, Pauline
Fetzer, Jill
Fiano, Cindy
Fields, Doris
Fifer, Terry L.
Figgins, Scott
Figueroa, B.
Filson, Teri
Finch, Karen
Fiore, Karin
Firestone, Kathryn
Fischbach, Carol
Fischer, Hubert M.
Fish, Karinne & Michael
Fisher, Dale & Diane
Fisher, Gordon & Debbie
Fisher, Julie
Fisher, Mrs. Susan
Fisher, Wayne
Fitzpatrick, Barbara
Flack, Lois
Flaws, Jami & Randell
Fleisher, Amanda
Fleming, Robert & Eleanor
Flippin, Pastor Wesley
Flori, Angela
Floyd, Linda
Floyd, Mary E.
Flynn, Carole A.
Foley, Mary Helen
Follett, Sarah
Folse, Mrs. Laurie G.
Folsom, Claudia
Forbes, Carolyn
Ford, Mary Ann
Ford, Vickie
Forkin, Syvonne
Forrest, Jack & Arlene
Forslund, Shirley D.
Fortenberg, Jack & Lisa
Fortune, Neil
Fose, Rebecka
Foudray, Sandy S.
Foudray, RoxAnna L.
Fowler, Carol
Fox, Darren
Fox, Mary
Fox-Ipock, Jacqueline
Frain, Deborah L. 
Frances, Lutricia
Francis, Marcia
Frankfort Intermediate School
Frankhauser, Jo, et.al
Freeman, Bruce & Mary
French, Mary
Fresquez, Adam
Freundorfer, Paulette
Frickle, Cynthia
Froehlich, Marion E.
Frosch, Jack W.
Frost, Deborah & Timothy
Fry, Greer
Frye, Debbie
Fuhrman, Karen R.
Fuller, Del & Martha
Fullilove, Carol
Fulton-Diamond, Laynie
Furman, Ruth
Furze, Steve
Fuss, Kathy
Futterman, Jamie
Gachman, Cindy
Gaissert, Cathy
Gallagher, Eileen
Gallagher, Laura, et. al
Gallaher, Mr. & Mrs. Robert
Gallet, Mayone W.
Gambaro, Pam
Gamble, Mason Britt
Gandhi, David
Gangitano, Jane
Gannon, Cheryl, et. al
Gannon, Mariann
Ganon, Michelle
Gapasin, Gina M.
Garafalo, Margaret
Garcia, Lisa
Garcia, Jorge & Maggie
Gardiner, Donald & Clara
Gargasz, Carolyn
Garner, Alesa
Garnette, Nancy S.
Garraro, Deborah
Garrett, Catherine E.
Garrigan, Colleen
Garris, Mary F.
Garvey, Marya Ann
Garvy, John W.
Gary, Dana
Garza, Delia
Gasken, Karen M.
Gatton, Sue
Gaus, Marian W.
Gautier, Margie
Gay, C.
Gayiso, Maggie
Geafue, Joan W.
Geanbuss, Louise
Geer, Tammy
Geiger, Linda & Dennis
Gencher, Ray
Gensler, Mark J.
Gerber, Mrs. D.
Gerber, Kelly J.
Gerstein, Helen Cerny
Gerstner, Marsha L.
Gessell, John & Lynette
Gettys, Laura
Ghidossi, Kathleen
Giacomelli, Camille
Gibb, Chris
Gibbon, Anne
Gibe, Lauren
Giberson, Sandra K.
Gibson, Loree
Gibson, Neil & Soleil Divine
Gigliatti, Michelle
Gilardi, Pat
Gildenhar, Phyllis
Gill, Kristine
Gillespi, Karen (Garfield School,
      et.al) 
Gilliam, Chris
Gilliam, Mrs. Evon O.
Gillies, Judee
Giscombe, L.
Gladden, Dorothy P.
Glass, Mary & Frank
Glasser, Mrs. Nancy
Glick, Tammy J.
Glover, Darlene A.
Godfrey, Kelly
Goehri, Gilbert & Vickie
Goettge, Pam
Golar-Williams, Eleanor
Golden, Kathy & Chris
Golden, Nancy & Tom
Golding, David & Paige
Goldsmith, Dr. & Mrs. Lloyd
Golerno, Felicia
Golfis, Susan and David
Goltia, Jay
Gomez, R.
Gomez, Alicia
Goncalves, Maria
Goniwiecha, Mark C. 
     (Univ. of Guam) 
Gonnerman, Cleta; Bryant, Sue;
          Gardner, Irene; Sykes, Eveline; Peterson, Betty 
Gonzalez, Johanna
Good, Charlotte
Good, Donna M.
Goodaran, Anne & Emery
Goode, Debra
Goodman, Jullia
Gordon, Beth
Gorman, Letta
Gottlies, Ruth
Gould, Fran
Gracykowski, Mr. & Mrs. R.
Gradert, Diana M.
Graf, Shirley
Graham, Mr. & Mrs. Tom
Grainger, Lynn Ann
Grant, Catherine
Grant, Mrs. Colleen
Grant, Michelle
Grant, Mrs. Nancy
Grant-Deahl, Claudia et. al
Grasswich, Mrs. Carl
Graves, Jean M.
Graves, Jeremy R.
Gray, Cindi
Gray, Deborah
Gray, Nannette M.
Gray, Shirley
Greding, Mr. & Mrs. James S.
Green, Edwina
Green, Nancy
Greenberg, Mrs. Elaine
Greenberg, Lloyd
Greene, Bill & Sheila
Greenland, Kristin
Gregar, Sonia
Gregie, Dee
Gregor, Pat
Gregory, Joyce L.
Gregory, Kathleen
Gregory, Tammy
Grenell, Brian
Gresham, Bryan
Gresham, Colleen L.
Grether, Claire Camp
Grice, Jo
Griebel, Frances
Griess, Cynthia M.
Griffey, Scott & Kim
Griffin, Jay & Family
Grimes, Carol, et.al
Grimes, Irene
Grimes, Laurene M.
Grimes, Steve A.
Grogg, Lori & Mac
Gross, Montez
Groto, Mr. & Mrs. Norman
Grum, Bernice
Grutt, Rosemary
Gry, Greer
Guebert, Jeannine M.
Guemero, Kristen, et. al
Guerin, Chris & Roger
Guerny, Mrs. E.
Guihan, Tammey M.
Guimond, Kathleen & Scott
Guldan, Steve
Gumble, Chris
Gumble, Dan
Gunn, S.
Guntes, Diane
Gurgol, Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence
Gurley, Doris H.
Gurley, Mozelle R.
Gusafe, Peter
Gusafi, Marie L.
Gustafson, John & Cathy
Guthrie, David & Glenda
Gutierrez I.
Guyton, Medra
Haage, Cynthia
Haddock, Debi
Hadlick, Dorothea A.
Hafen, Kirsten C.
Hagan, Karen; Sonneberg, Carolyn
Haggerty, Donna K.
Hahn, Judy
Hahn, Kenneth
Hale, Marilyn C.
Hales, Ranee
Hall, Ann
Hall, David & Tracy
Hall, Kathryn
Hall, Kimberly
Hall, Lana K.H.
Hall, LaQuita
Hall, Ryan
Hall, Sharon
Halliday, Rose
Hamilton, Linda
Hamilton, Vicki & David
Hamze, Jill
Handl, January, et. al
Hanko, Charlie
Hannasch, Mr. Marvin
Hansen, Barbara
Hansen, Cyndy
Hansen, Debbie L.
Hansen, Doug & Holly
Hansen, Lorraine
Hansen, Mary Pat
Hansen, Sue
Harbison, Marie
Hardee, Janet
Harden, Paul & Linda
Hargrove, Mattie
Harkins, Carroll
Harless, M. Lucille
Harman, Theresa
Harmon, Loretta M.
Harms, Marsha
Harper, Jeannette
Harper, Jeen M.
Harper, Michelle
Harpin, Jeanne
Harr, Keven & Shawna
Harrington, Penny P.
Harris, Selena
Harris, Stefanie
Harris, Tina & David
Hart, Nancy
Hartman, Deborah
Hartwick, Dr. John R.
Hataway, Dr. Jack
Hatch, Cathy L.
Haughton, Tracy
Hawkes, Janice
Hawks, Joann
Hayes, Walter R
Hays, Janice
Hays, Mrs. Lesa K.
Hazzard, Sandy, et. al
Health, Carol D.
Heaps, Marianne
Hector, Vicki
Hedges, Candace
Heimish, Muriel
Hein, Susan S.
Heinemann, Margaret
Heines, Rick & Marci
Heitlein, Mr. & Mrs. Greg
Henderson, Betsy
Henderson, Marlene S.
Hendricks, Linda
Hendrix, Ed
Hendrix, Tina
Hennessy, Elizabeth
Henry, Margaret
Henson, Cathy
Herce, Regina
Herdt, Mrs. L.
Heredia, Marco
Hermes, Sharon
Herrmann, Linda
Herron, John R.
Herron, Kim
Herzog, Laurie
Hess, Tammy
Hess-Webber, Heidi
Hesseltine, Ruth M.
Hilbert, Rachel
Hildreth, Bev
Hilliard Debra L.
Hilliard-Green, Debra, et. al
Hilmer, Par
Hines, Phyllis M.
Hinkle, Cheryl
Hinson, Johanna
Hintzen, Cecily
Hipps, Sherry
Hirschi, Melanie et. al
Hiu, Michelle
Hladek, Pat
Hladilek, Pat
Hoang, Angela
Hoang, Linh
Hodge, Margaret J.
Hodges, Bill & Stacey
Hodges, Rita
Hodges, Robert & Cindi
Hodson, Suzanne
Hoeck, Linda M.
Hoeft, Pat
Hoffman, Carla
Hoffman, David R.
Hoffman, Dr. Gregory
Hoffman, Helen K.
Hoffman, Virginia.
Hofstetter, Irene
Hogan, Marjorie
Hogan, Linda S.
Holcomb, Helen W.
Holden, Nancy
Holdforth, Shari
Holland, Rita & James
Holm, Debra
Holmes, Diane
Holmes, Patricia & David
Holmes, Susan M.
Holston, Willie
Holt, Teri
Holwell, Ann M.
Homberg, Peggy L.
Homberg, Robert C.
Hontz, Penny
Hoogendyk, Michael J.(2)
Hoover, Judy
Hopkins, Robert & Pamela
Hoppel, Jane K.
Horbac, Deborah
Horn, Lori H.
Horn, Tracy
Horn, Jean M.
Horton, Mareid B.
Horton, Mrs. Chester T.
Hottmann, Monte K.
Houchens, Rob & Natalie
Houk, Lisa A. & F. John
Houseward, Diana
Houston, Janet
Howard, Kyle
Howard, Mary Jo
Howell, Matthew
Hoyt, Judith 
Hubbard, Denise K.
Hubbard, Mary Ellen
Hube, Terri
Huber, Lana, et.al
Huberg, Gail T.
Huberman, Susan
Hudak, Evie
Hudec, Susan R.
Hudon, Rayette
Hudpets, Susan L.
Hudson, Jim
Hudson, Sarah
Huerta, Jaime
Huey, Mr. & Mrs. David
Huff, Mary Anne & Raymon
Huffman, Mildred L.
Huggins, Kris
Hughes, Brenda
Hughes, Josephine
Hughes, Missy
Hulme, Debbie
Hulmston, Terralee
Hulse, F.
Hulse, Jody S.
Hulseberg, Janet
Hulsey, Doreen L.
Hummel, Betty J.
Hummel, Cynthia
Hummel, John A.
Humphreys, Ewell
Hundley, Tina
Hunt, Laura L.
Hunt, Paula K.
Huntsman, Lori
Hurst, Kathi, et. al
Husser, Joan
Hutchison, Kathy
Hutton, Susan
Huval, Lisa
Hyde, Frankie B.
Hyde, Linda
Hydis, Mr. & Mrs. Vincent
Hynes, Mrs. Delores
Hyson, Carolyn
Iannantuano, Anthony
Iannantuano, Louise G.
Icard, Glenda
Icard, Patty
Ihaq-Husan, Khadyah
Imhoff, Vern & Cindy
Ingua, Maritess
Innes, Joan & Mark
Irby, Mrs. Dorothy M.
Irelan, Dawn
Irwin, Dave & Ann C.
Irwin, Pamela
J.B. Watkins PTA
Jaber, Barbara
Jackson, Sheila G.
Jackson, Dana B.
Jackson, Glenn
Jackson, Mr. Joseph
Jacobsen, Kim
Jacques, Lucienne
Jad, Edward & Janis
Jailall, Jerry
James, Ann
James, Veronica
Janes, T.
Jank-Day, Carol
Janka, Mrs. Mary P.
Jankowicz, Nancy
Janocka, Yolanda
Jasinski, Gloria
Jeffery, Rachelle
Jeffrees, L.J.
Jeffrey, Georgia
Jelins, Barbara
Jenkins, Gloria
Jensen, Kent & Natalie
Jensen, David V.
Jensen, Sherri
Jerger, Karen
Jett, L.J.
Jett, William M.
Jim Hill Middle School PTA
Jimenez, Alicia
Jocson, April
Johason, Jessica
Johnson, Beth
Johnson, Colleen, et. al
Johnson, Divina L.
Johnson, Dorothy A.
Johnson, Karen S.
Johnson, Lisa Rae
Johnson, Pamela
Johnson, Relsa
Johnson, Sharon
Johnson, Sunny
Johnston, Bonnie & Mark
Johnston, Linda
Johnston, Maureen
Johson, Moretha E.
Jones, Bonnie
Jones, Cindi
Jones, Daniel
Jones, Donna
Jones, E.
Jones, Ellen
Jones, Joni
Jones, Karen
Jones, Loretta
Jones, Marilyn
Jones, Patricea A.
Jones, Ron
Jones, Sarah
Jones, Susan
Jones, Thriftone
Jones, Yvonne
Jordan, Teri
Jordan, Caroline
Jordan, Debra A.
Joseph, Charlotte
Joseph, Kathy P.
Joseph, Fauna
Juarez, Francisco
Juhasz, Linda
Jumic, Mrs. Theresa A.
Jurow, Jean B.
Kadian, Sandee J.
Kadish, Deborah A.
Kahle, Mary Pat
Kahn, Mrs. Ann
Kain, Carol
Kaiser, Joyce
Kaminski, Karen
Kamp, Rhonda
Kanally, Laurie
Kaplan, Jeffrey B.
Karogiannis, Angela
Karpen, Karen P.
KASN-TV (Miguel Copello)
Katz, Lisa
KAVU-TV (Jerry Larsen)
Kay, Erica
KBJR-TV (Robert J. Wilmers)
KCEN-TV (Gayle Kiger)
KDOC-TV (Charles Velona)
Keadey, Susan
Kealey, Walter G.
Keefe, Herbert
Keefe, Susan
Keegan, Pat
Keegan, Mary Ellen
Keegher, Thomas & Carolyn
Keeling, Wanda & John
Keenan, Sue
Kehne, Shirley M.
Kei, Annette
Keib, Jan
Keigler, Barbara S.
Keiter, Penny
Keller, Deborah
Keller, Jeff
Keller, Mammie
Keller, Mary
Kelley, Barbara
Kelley, Erma
Kelley, Richard L.
Kelly, Leigh
Kelly, Dr. Alfred J.
Kelly, Julie
Kelly, Kim
Kemper, Mrs. Julie & Bruce
Kennedy, Chad & Tammy
Kenney, Sue & McKim, Rhonda
Kentner, Tressa Sloan
Kenworthy, Elizabeth
Kerr, Cindy
Kershisnik, Ron E.
Kerwin, Debra L.
Kesler, Helen
Kettenring, Vicki
Keyes, Joe
Kibbey, Sandy
KIEM-TV (Thomas J. Spain)
Kiker, Joni
Kilanowski, Ray & Cheri
Killion, Brittani Jaye
Kilmer, Chad & Brenda
Kimble, Alison
Kimble, William
Kimmel, Denise
Kimmey, Robert L.
King, Darlene
King, Kathleen
King, Lynn Haggerty
King, Melvin & Gabriele
King, Tim & Cindy
King, Therra
King, Kathleen
King, Val
Kirby, Dorothy A.
Kisiel, Beth
Kison, Edith
Kissing, Vickie L.
Kitchens, Luella
Kite, Angie
KJCT-TV (Hammer, Jan)
Klein, Alice
Klein, Robert T.
Klein, Sharon
Klimowicz, Judith
KLRT-TV (Jerry Whitener)
KLST-TV (Phil Brassie)
Klug, Mrs. Patricia
Klusman, Michael C.
KMTV (Howard Kennedy)
Knapp, Ruth
KNBC-TV (Black, Carole)
Knippenberg, Joyce M.
Knott, Mary
Knowles, Edith
Knowlton, Lennie
Knox, Jeffrey
KOBI/KOTI-TV (Mark Logan)
Koedewyn, Kathy, et. al
Koellner, Therese C.
Koerner, Carol Cook
Koewler, Nick
Kofoed, Ruth
Kohler, Colleen
KOKI-TV (Capron, Hal)
Kolbeck, Maryann
Kolesar, Diane
Koletar, Karen
KOLO-TV (Charles Alvey)
KOLR-TV (Shook, Ellis)
Kols, Adrienne
Korn, Dana
Korumwride, Mrs. R.
Koval, R.
Kowalski, Leslie
Kozak, Rebecca
Kozluck, Maureen
KPAX-TV (Robert Hermes)
KPHO-TV (John Smith)
KQTV-TV (Jerry Condra)
Kraayenbrink, Jeff & Carina
Krampitz, Mrs. Jan
Kranitz, Heather
Kraus, Mark A.
Krediet, Sharon
Krellenstien, Marla
Kremen, Alexis
Krishnaiyer, Latha
Krock, Marilyn Spaw
Kroll, Anthony
Kroll, Lillian
Krolle, Kim
Krome, Jeanne A.
Kromis, Paula
Krueger, June
Krueger, Wilma
Krull, Deborah A.
Krull, Sharon
Krumrey, Rev. George
Krutul, Ms. Anne
KSDK-TV (Ardyth Diercks)
KTBS-TV (George Sirven)
KTNV-TV (Peter Bannister)
KTVT-TV (Brian Jones)
KTXL-TV (Michael Fisher)
Kuchinsky, Catherine
Kuehn, Elaine
Kuhn, Mary B.
Kulicke, Lynn N.
Kuling, Wanda & John
Kulka, Gina D.
Kulka, John
Kundmueller, Judy
Kunkel, Jamie
Kuo, Haw
Kurpinsky, Matt
KWCH-TV (Ron Collins)
Kwiatkowski, Danette
KWWL-TV (James Waterbury)
KXXV-TV (Jeff Cook)
KYMA-TV (F. Robert Kalthoff)
Lacy, Kathleen
Laffoon, Elizabeth
Lagasse, Judith A.
LaGrange, Ray
Lallian, Stril
Lamb, Mary
Lamberson, Frances M.
Lambert, Cheryl Ann
Lancaster, Dineen & Michael
Lanceford, Mr. & Mrs. Sheldon
Land, Jean
Landis, Marsha
Lane, Jordan I.
Lanegan, Colleen & Joseph
Lange, Mr. & Mrs. R.
Langford, Mrs. Stephen
Laredo, March G.
Larkin, Teresa
Larner, Mr. & Mrs. Ben
Laro, Laura
Laroux, Elizabeth
Larrabee, Barb
Larsen, Aulene
Larsen, Beverly
Larsen, Mrs. Gladys
Larsen, Jim & Karin
Larsen, Joseph V.
Larsen, Joy
Larsen, Robert W. (2)
Larson, Diane
LaRue, A. Dennine
Lashley, Mrs. Effie
Laska, Alvina
Latimer, Lowell F.
Lattimer, Karen
Laughren, Vickie
Lauren, Olga
LaVangie, Diane
Law, Betty
Lawler, Nancy
Le, My, et. al.
Leander, J.
Leang, Ray & Lucey
Learnard, Roger & Susan
Lebrecht, Margaret
LeCoultre, Susan
Ledgerwood, David & Gail
Lee, Gloria
Lee, Hazel
Lee, Jeong Hyeon
Lee, Jewell H.
Lee, Joy
Lee, Sally
Leezaich, Deanne
Lenter, Adam
Lentsch, Coleen
Leonard, Catherine
Leonard, Jane M.
Leonard, Monya
Leonard, Shyrlyn
Leone, Maria C.
Leong, Kai-Jen
Lesinsk, Eva
Lesniak, Mary Jean
Lessans, Elizabeth R.
Leszkowicz, Mr & Mrs. R.
Levens, Geraldine
Levin, Mrs. Wendy
Lew, Gloria
Lewis, Brent
Lewis, Jennifer W.
Lewis, Judy
Lewis, Sandra
Lewis, Thomas
Lewno, Pat
LeZotte, Connie
Libla, Marglie
Lichtensteiger, Frank
Likman, Diane
Lindberg, Linda McDonald
Lindstrom, Diana
Lindvall, Rachel D.
Line, Marilyn
Linker, Cheryl
Lipscomb, Lori
Lisiecki, Jean (2)
Lisonbee, Ken & Janis
Liston, Shauna
Litivin, Colleen, et. al
Littlefield, Ann W.
Lockard, Chris
Lockin, Particia
Lodenburg, Regina
Loesch, Jamie & Stamm, Adam
Lohmueller, Joseph
Lombard, Eleanor
Lombardo, Joanie
Long, Jill A.
Long, Larry
Longo, Judy
Loos, Monte
Lopel, Everludis
Lopez, Esteva Trevinto
Lopez, Phyllis
Lopez-Morgan, Mercedes
Lord, Greg & Joanne
Loschiavo, Lynne
Losell, Paula A.
Lotito, Carole M.
Lowder, Lela Maude
Lowe, Dan & Marlene
Lowe, Ruth W.
Lowe, Tom
Lowman, Rita
Lucarelli, Karen
Lucas, Bettie
Lucas, Gloria G.
Luciano, Jeanette
Luine, Mary S.
Luker, William
Lukfata/Oakhill PTA
Lumma, Carl & Amy
Luna, Esperanza,Chavez, Mary
Lund, Jann
Lundby, Deb
Lundy, Nancy M.
Lunger, T.
Lupton, Teresa
Lusterman, Laura
Lydon, Roberta
Lyon, Juneil F.
Lyons, Connie
Lyons, Cynthia
Lyons, Rachelle
Lytle-Barnaby, Ruth
MacAllister, Barb
Macbeth, Faye
MacGregor, Barbara
Mack, Mary
Mackey, Judy
MacLean, Shawn
Madariaga, Laura
Madera, Barbara
Madsen, Pam
Magerkeerth, Rod & Debbie
Magleby, Dana
Maher, Linda
Mahyh, C.
Maier, Donna
Maines, Blaine
Maines, Jean
Mainwaring, Carol, et al
Makely, Janice
Makeu, Debra
Makrey, Frances
Malbrough, Dave
Malizan, Carol
Maloney, Barbara 
Maloney, Darlene
Malaoney, Jared M.
Maltos, Sandy Jo
Mammifrod, Kathleen
Manansala, Patrick
Manion, Carole
Manley, Lucy
Mann, J
Mans, Stephen
Manyon, Evelyn
March, Audrey Ann & Harold
Mariani, E.
Marie, April
Marina, Jody
Markell, Ginny
Maron, Rebecca C.
Marquez, Mrs. Pamela A.
Marr, Elizabeth
Marrazzo, Vivian
Marsden, Margie A.
Marse, Carol J.
Marsh, Alan & Regina
Marshall, Nancy & Brian
Marshall, Cindy
Marshall, Mildred M.
Marshall, Lori
Martin, Vera K.
Martin, Cecilia
Martin, Jackie
Martin, Mark & Kim
Martin, Peg
Martin-Viana, E.
Martine, Nancy L.
Martinez, Donna M.
Martinez, Cheryl
Martodam, Rita Marie
Marx, Gary (Amer. Association
               of  School Admin.) 
Mashburn, Rev. Fr. Troy
Mason, Deana
Mason, Donald R.
Massing, Julie
Massington, Mrs. Mary J.
Masters, Nelda
Mastorakis, Heather
Mastorakis, John
Mastrangelo, Elizabeth D.
Matheson Park PTA
Mathurin, Carol
Matsumura, Chikako
Matthews, Helen W.
Maturkanich, Patrice
Matysiks, William & Margaret
Matzinger, Dorothy M.
Maucotel, Audrey
Mauer, Kathy
Maunu, Carol M.
Maurer, Mr. & Mrs. Timothy
Mauricio, Roquel
Maxwell, Carolyn
Maxwell, Lee
May, Catherine L.
Mayberry, Shawna
McAllister, Barb
McAndrew, Anne S.
McBratney, John
McBride, Stephen
McCafferty, Devani
McCaffrey, Jan
McCain, Rita
McCallion, Lucy C.
McCann, James S.
McCarthy, Kevin P.
McCauley, Sylvia & Tim
McChesney, Ann
McClain, Kathryn, K.
McClean, Annelle
McClellan, Janet R.
McClure, Diane
McCourt, Dawn
McCowin, Lisa
McCoy, Margaret
McCoy, Tracey
McCreery, Mr. & Mrs. Don
McCutchan, Laura
McDaniel, Janette M.
McDaniel, Marvin
McDermott, Kristen
McDonald, Kelli
McDonald, Sandy
McDonough, Susan
McDowell, Gretchen
McFall, Robyn
McFarland, Karen B.
McFarland, Meg
McGee, Mike
McGill, Deloise
McGill, Darlene
McGlory, Mr. & Mrs. John
McGowan-Whelor, Colleen
McHugh, Sally
McKay, Douglas
McKeever, Janice M.
McKenna, Dominique
McKie, Karen
McKinney, Christine
McKissic, Mrs. D.
McLaughlin, Darlene
McLaughlin, Deborah
McMahon, Lois
McManus, Illyana
McMullin, Lynn
McNair, Joyce
McNamara, Susie
McPhelin, Eileen
McPherson, Gene
McPhillips, Dolores
McQuade, Karen A.
McQueen, Jacquelyn
Meador, Arlean D.
Mecham, Dr. Steven R.
Medrano, Jazelle
Meeks, Robert & Ann
Meinholz, Brenda
Mellor, Ruth
Menard, Lucille S.
Menchavez, Rich
Mendenhall, Stephen
Mendenhall, Angela
Mendenhall, Julie
Mendenhall, Mr. & Mrs. Ken
Mendez, Myrna
Menotti, Kathy & Robert
Mense, L.W.
Mense, Lynn
Mense, Mary Ellen
Mense, Teresa & Steve
Mentzer, Donald & Karen
Mercer, Michael E.
Merchant, Dianne
Mercier, Jonathan L.
Merrell, Eileen
Merriman, Elizabeth E.
Merritt, C.
Mersch, Ron & Lynne
Merzel, Ray & Marilyn
Mescher, Debbie
Mescher, Keith 
Messamore, Nancy
Metrejean, Anna T.
Metzger, Lois
Metzgor, Julie
Meyaard, Helen R.
Meyer, Jennifer
Meyer, J.A.
Meynen, Jill
Mezikofsky, Gloria
Micai, Toni
Miceli, Janice
Michaels, Jane
Michallis, Barbara
Michlovsky,Shawn; Jones,Emma
Middleton, Gail A.
Mihalyi, Joe A.
Miketa, James
Miketa, Midge
Mikovits, Laurel
Miles, Deborah
Millard, Rhea
Miller, Carolyn
Miller, Debbie
Miller, Douglas N.
Miller, Eileen
Miller, Kenneth & Shirley
Miller, Mary T.
Miller, Michael
Miller, Michaeleen
Miller, Peggy
Miller, Sherry
Miller, Sheryl
Miller, Susan
Millu, Karen
Milner, Patricia C.
Minchew, Helen
Mingot, Jerry & Penny
Miralgio, Barbara A.
Missler, Andrew
Mitchell, R.
Mitsinikos, Vickie & John
Mittan, D.L.
Mixon, Susan
Mixon, J.B.
Modeley, Melody
Moffets, Richard & Debbie
Mohler, Carol
Molloy, Rhonda
Molloy, Anne
Mongeot, Bernadette
Monsanto, Mr. & Mrs. Carlos
Montegari, Robin
Monteparo, Anne Marie
Montero, Marcia
Montgomery, Caroline et. al
Montgomery, M. Carol
Montgomery, Teresa Ochoa
Montmuno, Yvonne
Moody, Belinda A.
Moody, Nancy
Moore, Barbara & Gary
Moore, Brenda
Moore, Evelyn
Moore, Janice L. et. al
Moore, Julie Ann
Moore, Mrs. Laurie
Moore, Rhonda.
Moore, Tammy
Moose, Linda A.
Mophet, Terry
Morales, Mrs. D.
Moran, Patricia
Morehead, Doreen
Moresi, Gwen
Morgan, Linda M.
Morgan, Jean
Morgan, Kevin M.
Morris, Susan 
Morris, Patricia
Morris, Herb & Lorene
Morris, Marya
Morris, Megan M.
Morrison, Georganne
Morrison, Carol
Morrow, Bob
Morse, Salle
Morse, Elizabeth
Mortimer, Rosemary
Morton, Nancy
Moseley, Barbara
Moseley, Melody
Moseley, Susan
Moser, Julie
Motwani, Vikas
Mougeot, Bernadette
Mountzoy, Judith F.
Moyer, Richard Paul
Mraz, Mary Kay
Mucha, Bonnie
Mueller, Dr. & Mrs. Edwin
Mueller, Fritz K.W.
Muldoon, Marian
Mullen, Bernadine
Muller-Hinder, Beth
Mulligan, Donal A.
Mulligan, Shirley
Mullins, Colleen
Mumby, Mrs. Cynthia
Munger, Kathryn H.
Muniz, Connie C.
Muralt, David
Murcheson, Mrs. Irene
Murdock, Ronald F. & Susan
Murdock, Romanie & Larry
Murill, Nancy W.
Murkowski, Karen L.H.
Murphy, Kari
Murphy, Mary
Murphy, Maripett
Murray, Mrs. James
Musel, Laurie
Mutchler, Teri
Mutos, Ruth
Myers, Cindy S.
Myers, Taffnayne
Myers, Rebecca
Nace, Carol
Nadel, Elaine
Nagel, Teresa A.
Naigle, Erika
Nairn, Janice (w/disk) (Maryland Coalition Against
Pornography) 
Naiz, Pilar (Concilio para la
     Educacion de la Familia) Nakagawa, Judy L.
Nasser, Akram
Natali, Virginia
Naughan, Marsha C.
Naught, Ethel M.
Nauroch, Mrs. Suzanne
Nazario, Ana (Concilio para la
     Educacion de la Familia) Neal, Helen
Neeley, Gerry
Neibaur, Donna
Neiberger, Sue
Neidlinger, Walter & Jacqueline
Neill, Timothy
Neilson, JoAnn
Neilson, Ann
Nelson, Gail
Nelson, Jacqueline M.
Nelson, Theresa
Nelson, Dann, April, Brittany
Nelson, Joan M.
Nelson, Sue T.
Nelson, Roni G.
Nelson, Pamela M.
Nemec, Randy & Holly
Nesof, Darlene
Ness, Sue
Nettleln, Greta
Neubauer, Charles
Newcomb, Carol
Newhould, Kim
Newman, Glen C.
Newman, David L.
Newsom, Leslie B.
Newsom, Mary Thomas
Newton, Hallie J.
Newton, Suzanne L.
Nichols, Betty
Nicholson, Dawn
Nicholson, Lynn G.
Nickerson, Charles & Patricia
Nilsen, Richard D. (Big spring)
Noble, Mary
Noel, Charlene W.
Nokes, Kim, et. al
Nolan Kay
Nolan, Tammy
Norman, Mrs. Adalene
Norris, Mr. & Mrs. Bill
Northcutt, Mrs. Alvin
Northrup, Shan
Norton, Joan H.
Norton, Micki
Nossel, Laura
Nunes, Pauline
Nuzum, Joyce A.
Nuzum, Mary Lillian
Nyman, Jan
O'Boyle, Thomas & Louise
O'Brien, Liz
O'Brien, Loretta
O'Brien, Theresa
O'Bryen, Mrs. Alison G.
O'Connell, Lise
O'Donnell, Harriet
O'Fallon, Sandy
O'Grady, Clare
O'Leary, Mrs. M.K.
O'Neill, Vanda
Oakes, Linda
Ohanesian, Carole
Ojeda, Mrs. Mary O.
Okoronkwo, Dee
Olensleo, Marjorie
Oliphant, Barbara J.
Oliver, Margaret C.
Olsen, Cali
Olsen, Teri
Olson, Cynthia
Olson, Howard & Marilee
Olson, Mrs. Susan M.
Olson, Judith
Olszewski, Linda J.
Opalka, Mr. & Mrs. John
Opel, Dottie
Opp, Steve & Linda
Oschegger, Kelly
Ostermayer, Robin L.M.
Ostheimer, Kelly
Ostos, Sylvia
Otash, Colleen
Ott, Carlotta
Otto, Elizabeth
Overbaugh, Mary Ann
Overdorff, R.E.
Overton, Anna K.
Oves, Maria
Owen, Terry & Denise
Pace, H. John
Padilla, Reyla
Page, Stan & Gaye Lee
Page, Joseph H.
Pagni, Mistine
Pagriago, R.
Paisons, Agnes J.
Palm, Lucia
Palmer, Mrs. Ronald
Panchot, June M.
Pantoja, Maria
Papp, Lee & Jan
Pappas Telecasting of Opelika
Paras, Justin
Parchinski, Elvina
Parente, Cathy
Parker, Carmela M.
Parker, Liz
Parker, Peggy
Parkinson, Linda M.
Parr, Jack D.
Parry, Cricket
Parson, Meg
Parsons, Anne
Parsons, Carl W.
Partridge, Dixie & Jerry
Partridge, Lynn
Paskewicz, Michael
Pasqua, Stefan
Pastorino, L.
Pastoriza, Maria Elena
Paterson, Barbara H.
Patrono, Joseph
Patten, Bernadette
Patterson, Brenda
Patterson, Mr. & Mrs. Don
Patterson, Marie
Patterson, Joyce
Patton, Sarah
Paul, Sharon
Paul, Robin
Paulson, Rosalie
Pavero, Debra
Pavon', Michel
Payne, Carol
Payne, Frieda
Payne, Kathy
Payne, Lisa
Payne, T.
Peach, Michael
Pearson, Ronda
Pearson, K.
Pechal, Rosa Lee
Peck, Leland K.
Peebles, Sheila
Pegg, Dillard & Roxanna
Peiffer, Cindy
Peimm, Ken et. al
Pennington, Jay
Perkins, Scott M.
Perri, Lynda
Perry, Leigh Crank
Petcavage, Edward P.
Peters, Charles & Betty
Peterson, Erika
Peterson, Connie, et. al
Peterson, Michelle M.
Peterson, Nancy
Peterson, Tracey
Petter, H. June
Pettinichio, John
Petty, Mendolyn
Pfaff, Marie C.
Pfeffer, Laura
Pfeffer, Maureen
Pfeil, Mr. & Mrs. Gordon
Philbuck, Mr. & Mrs. Charles D.
Philippou, Phyllis
Phillips, Arthur & Phelice
Phillips, Beth & L.
Phillips, Helen L.
Phillips, Jackie
Phillips, Lori
Phillips, Richard D.
Phillips, Terry
Pichura, Hope M.
Pickett, Lisa F.
Piecora, Beth
Pierce, Lola
Pierce, Robert W.
Pieretti, Robin
Pifer, Peggy
Pike, Cynthia
Pilz, Deborah
Pimpari, Ronald P.
Pinciotti, Cyndy
Pindar, Jane
Pinkerton, Dorothy
Pinto, Mark & Donna
Pippin, Julie
Pisterman, Susana B.
Pitlyk, Denise
Pittman, Kay
Plant, Paula
Plantholt, Kate
Plemmons, Catherine M.
Pluim, Howard F.
Podulka, Ayaxy
Poehlmann, Linda
Polenz, Tami
Polhamus, Lisa
Politsch, Ardith
Politsch, Roberta L.
Pollard, Dawn L.
Pondelick, Carol
Pool, Ollie Ann
Poor, Mrs. Jerry
Portelli, John
Porter, Nancy
Porterfield, Margot & Mark
Posey, Patricia
Post, Don & Diane
Potts, Frank B.
Powell, Emily Cummings
Powers, Mary
Poye, Cathy
Pozdol, Judy L.
Pramin, Phyllis
Prestwich, Mike & Judy
Pricavage, Tammy
Proroh, Gerry
Pruter, Peggy
Pugh, Mary Ellen
Pullen, Mary
Quinlan, Barb & Don
Quinn, Marie V.
Quinn, John R. & Lucille C.
Quintera, Claudia
Quiroz, Edward & Jennie
Rabura, Mrs. Kathy
Radford, Teresa
Radonski, Gail
Raffa, Tony
Ragasa, Diana Jean
Rager, Lisa M.
Ragsdale, Johnie     
Ragsdale, Mr. & Mrs. Joe
Rainwater, Kalina K.
Rainwater, Sue
Rainwaters, Jan
Raish, Dr. & Mrs. R.P.
Rajendran G.
Ramea, Winn
Ramirez, Mr. & Mrs. Anthony
Ramirez, Anthony
Ramirez, Daisy
Ramirez, Lori
Ramirez, Nancy
Rammell, Jason & Vicki
Ramsay, Brenda
Randle, Veronica
Randozzo, John
Ranish, Ann
Rankin, Sherrey
Rapanut, Marilyn
Raschal, Diane
Rascoe, Shelton E.
Rasmussen, Florence G.
Rasmussen, Lise E.
Rasslan, Ruth
Raulsten, Marsha
Raumaker, Sue
Rawlinson, Ed
Rayburn, B.
Rea Woodman PTA
Read, Joyce J.
Reamer, Monica M.
Rector, Milford P.
Redline, Donna
Reece, Carofino
Reed, Diana
Reed, Connie
Reefer, Marianne
Rees, Shirley
Rees, Shirley J.
Reeve, Scott W., et. al
Reheis, Florence
Reibel, Ronald J.
Reihl, Jennifer
Reilley, Pamella
Reilly, M.
Reimer, Alice
Reisinger, Mari
Reitmann, Virginia
Reitz, Dr. Kenneth
Remer, Holly
Rendel, Sue
Rennels, Ellen M.
Rep, Ronald L.
Rettig, Linda
Revis, Jean L.
Reyes, Dilian
Reynolds, Betty
Reynolds, Birdie B.
Reynolds, Nancy
Reynolds, Rev. Karen
Reynolds, Toni
Reynoso, Nora C.
Rfaff, Daniel
Rfaff, Sherri
Rhoads, Carolyn
Rhoads, Pearl
Rhoads, Terry
Rhodes, Beva M.
Rhodes, Beverly A.
Rhodes, Laura
Rhodes, Mary
Rhoton, Dawn
Rhoton, Dale
Rice, Carol
Rice, Keith
Rice, Marianne
Rich, Florence
Richard, Timothy
Richards, Teresa
Richardson, Carol
Richey, D.J.
Richter, Mary Etna
Rideout, Vicky
Rideout, Gretchen et. al
Riffle, Jamie
Rimington, Dorothy
Riner, Y. Madeline
Ring, Dr. Edward M.
Ringo, Margaret
Ritchie, Janalee F.
Ritchie, Kathryn V.
Ritenour, Mark
Ritter, Carol S.
Rittershous, Diane
Rivera de Ruiz, Elba
Rivera, Reva
Roach, Leana R.
Roach, Rocky
Robeau, Steve & Diane
Roberts, Beverly
Robertson, Cathy
Robey, Laura K.
Robinson, Angelo & Wanda
Robinson, Janis
Robinson, Jeanne
Robinson, Nancy
Robinson, Nannette E.
Robison, Kay
Robson, Laura
Rocco, Debi
Rodda, Kathy
Rodenbaugh, Donald F.
Rodenbaugh, Jolene
Rodenburg, Regina
Rodgers, Mrs. Patti
Rodley, Sandy (3)
Rodriguez, Karen
Rodriguez, Most Rev. Placido
      CMF
Rodriquez, Megla
Rodriquez, Mrs. Rutt
Rodriquez, Lorraine
Roe, Hal & Kim
Rogers, Barbara T.
Rogers, Joseph
Rogers, Kathy G.
Roll, Mary Ann
Rollins, Frances J.
Rollins, Faye
Roman, Mrs. Georgie
Romani, Julie
Romney, Kathryn
Roof, Beth L.
Roosevelt PTA
Rosander, Carl & Melanie
Rose, Melissa & David
Rose, Janice M.
Rosen, Joshua
Rosen, Sharon & Rob
Rosenberg, B.J.
Rosenberger, Tom
Rosenburg, Carrie
Rosenkrans, Mary Lee
Rosette, Gladys
Ross, Richard L.
Rossi, Christine
Roszkowski, Dianne
Rothe, Rachel
Rothmeyer, Marsha
Roudi, Eileen P.
Rousey, Sharon
Roush, Sandra M.
Rowell, Ella
Rowland, Dorothy
Rowles, Kenneth
Rowles, Norma Ruth
Rowley, Nancy
Rowse, Kitty
Rubenstein, Paule
Ruberto, Mrs. Marianne, et.al
Rucker, David M.
Rucker, Ellen A.
Rudd, Iain P.
Rudd, Mrs. Nay Lynn
Rudolph, Deborah
Ruiz, Susan
Rulec, Robert & Sandra
Rumaker, Sue
Ruprecht, Jennifer
Rusnak-Cauceglia, Carol
Russell, Teresa
Russell, Pamela
Russell, Wynette
Russell, Nicole
Russi, Karen,
Rymon, Karen J.
Sabatini, Elisa M.
Sabo, Joe & Jean
Sabshine, Melvin (American
     Psychiatric Association)
Sacilowski, Mrs. Kathy
Sagartz, Mary Ellen
Sakesian, Debra S.
Salazar, Mr. & Mrs. Albert
Salazar, Marcella
Salisbury, Susan, et. al
Salisbury, Lucille S.
Salonen, Bill
Salter, Maud S.
Salway, Judy
Sanchez, C.
Sandberg, Cathy
Sandel, Lisa
Sandel, Mark
Sandell, Mark A.
Sanders, Mary L.
Sanders, Rebecca M.
Sanders, Laura and Carrel
Sanders, Betty L.
Sandigo, Alonso
Sandoval, Patricia
Sandquist, Bernadette
Sanko, Constance A.
Sansone, Cynthia
Santiago, Veronica
Santo, Morgan
Santos, Leticia; M.Van Overwall
Sarno, Diane
Sasso, Christine
Sauceda, Christine
Saucier, Nancy E.
Savage, Pam
Savishinsky, Debra
Sayotovich, Dale
Schaack, Karon L.
Schafstall, Deborah
Schantz, Ellen
Scheneman, Jeanne
Scheurich, Cindy
Schiff, Deborah
Schimizzi, Rose Mary, et. al
Schlemmer, Nancy L.
Schlemmer, Mark W.
Schlitz, Jenny
Schmidt, Meg
Schmidt, Suzy
Schmidt, Joseph B.
Schmidt, Arlene
Schmitt, Christy
Schmitz, Kristen L.
Schnabel, Becky
Schnarrs, Jerry & Jody
Schneider, Sister Mary Fabian
Schneider, Mary A.
Schneidler, Michael A.
Schorr, Dianne
Schott, Frances
Schrimpf, Mr. & Mrs. John
Schroeder, Diane
Schuarrs, Jerry & Jody
Schuirmann, Janice
Schulthies, Mrs. Judith Ann
Schultz, Dale & Rebecca
Schulz, David A.
Schumacher, Mrs. S.
Schumans, Dan & Shannon
Schwab, Judith
Schwartz, Lea
Schwartz, Sylvia
Schwartz, Catherine
Schwerdt, Julia J.
Sclavi, Holly H.
Scordato, Kathy
Scott, Kim
Scott, Shirley
Scott, Dianne M.
Seabolt, E. Diane
Sedlack, Leandra M.
Seehafer, Ruth
Segal, Sandra
Sehuette, Cheryl
Semsch, Lee-Ann
Senter, Karen K.
Seper, Carol
Serafin, Katherine 
Serrano, Lisa
Session, Ernest
Session, Marva
Sesto, Sue
Settimi, Gina
Sevigny, Lisa
Shanks, Penny
Shanks, Monica A. et. al
Shanks, Kathleen
Sharoni, P.
Sharpe, Mark C.
Sharpe, Irene
Sharpe, Charles
Shaver, Toni L.
Shaver, Joyce
Shaw, Dorothy
Shaw, Carolyn
Shea, Jan
Sheanshang, Julie
Sheehan, Maryann
Sheehan, Marta
Shefflette, Mr. & Mrs. P.
Shelby, Regan
Sheldon, Andrea (Trad.Values) 
Shelwren, Lois
Shepherd, Laurence A.
Shepherd, Suzanne
Shevatt, Lauri
Shevry, Mr. & Mrs. Silas
Shibelski, Jane
Shields, Ruth A.
Shinn, Kay
Shlick, Ken & Cindy
Shopkorn, Jana
Short, Deloris
Shott, L.
Shriner, Beverly
Shupe, Mr. & Mrs.Geoffrey et al
Shurtz, Dorothy Lynne
Sierra, Nichole
Sievert, Theodore & Mary
Silvester, Norma, et. al
Simmons, Marie
Simmons, Dr. William A.
Simms, Joan C.
Simon, Joan
Simons, Paul L.
Simpkins, Mr. & Mrs. Jack
Simpson, Judy
Simpson, Richard
Simpson, Clare
Simpson, Ada E.
Sims, Simon
Singer, Louise
Sintz, Terry & Linda
Sisti, Dixie
Skeba, David
Slarks, Lisa B.
Slaughter, Darnell
Smik, Karen
Smiley, Steve & Sally
Smit, Laura
Smith, Mr. & Mrs. Gary
Smith, Mr. & Mrs. David P.
Smith, Mrs. Mary Jane
Smith, Kathie Lee
Smith, Karen Ann
Smith, Samantha
Smith, Pat
Smith, Paul & Terri
Smith, Sherry & John
Smith, Edith M.
Smith, Clare
Smith, Ginny
Smith, Cathy G.
Smith, Joyce
Smith, Janet & Michael
Smith, Gloria J.
Smith, James
Smith, Barbara
Smith, Terrie
Smith, Cheryl
Smith, Joyce
Smith, Senator Bob, 
     Ms. Beverly J. Waitt 
Smith, Ms. Ruth
Smith, Pauline
Smith-Peterson, L.
Smyth, Wendy D.
Snavely, Peggy
Snay, Patricia J.
Sneary, Sandra K.
Snider, Mr. & Mrs. Harold D.
Snider, Judy
Snowden, Carl O.
Snyder, Tina B.
Snyder, Kelli
Soales, Carlos
Sobczyk, Janet
Solomon, Sharon
Soltis, Janice
Sommerer, Robin
Sondgerotz, Cindy
Sorenson, Luida
Sorenson, Michelle
Sorrows, Tim
Sorrows, Eileen
Soucy, Kathleen
Southards, Elaine J.
Southwood, John
Sowa, Mr. & Mrs. Theodore
Spanow, Shirley
Spaulding, A.
Spencer, Dr. & Mrs. Gerald D.
Spiegel, Marilyn
Spille, Reinert
Spillers, Pat
Spimierto, Alexis
Spizzirri, Barbara
Spratt, Maggie
Spreggs, Barbara A.
Springer, Mrs. Tami
Spurgen, Mrs. Betty
Spurgeon, Daniel
Srikanchana, Suzanne
St. John, Kathy
Stacks, Mike & Jennifer, et. al
Stacy, Mr. & Mrs. Cass
Stagg, Mr. & Mrs. Phil
Stagg, Jolynn
Staheli, Joanne
Stalter, Renda L.
Stanley, Susan M.
Stanton, Brett & Renee
Stanuszewski, Sally
Staples, Cheri
Stark, Gilda, et. al
Starks, C.
Starr, Baxter, L.
Starr, Cynthia
Staton, Coni
Stauffer, Nancy
Steadman, Yvonne
Steeg, Deborah L.
Steel, Jane
Steel, Karen
Steelman, Janet
Steenson, Harriet E.
Stefanec, Susan
Stefanoe, Jeanne
Steffen, Denise
Steffensen, Marriann
Stehly, Claudia et. al
Steiner, Cynthia Holder
Stephens, Scott D.
Stephens, Kathy
Stephens, Mr. & Mrs. Terry
Stevens, Sue
Stevens, Sarah C.
Stevenson, Mr. & Mrs.Wlm.C.
Stevenson, Colleen
Stewart, Joanne
Stewart, Marli & Wayne
Stewart, Jacoline
Stewart, Charles & Fran
Stillings, Linda
Stillwell, Mary, et. al
Stiltner, Karen & Ronald
Stimson, Jeff
Stockey, Renee
Stoddard, Doug & Linda
Stoler, Carol
Stoltyner, Pam
Stone, Jimmy
Stone, Ronnie
Stone, Gayla
Stone, Dr. Lawrence A.
Storey, Karen
Stouffer, Rhonda L.
Strab, Debra
Strakon, Bette
Strand, Edward & Mary
Strasser, Dianne
Street, Rene
Strelow, Joan
Stringer, George & Trina
Strobl, Laura
Stroebel, Linda
Strong, M. Beth
Strubbe, Joseph & Karen
Strubhar, Robert J.
Stubles, Mary
Stucki, Carole
Stuntebech/Fogle, Claudia et. al
Sturgis, Christine
Suhr, Margaret
Suidut, Janet C.
Sullivan, Mary Ellen
Sullivan, Judy
Summers, Kathryn A.
Supini, Monica M.
Surgeon, Carol A.
Surr, John V.
Svendsen, Sara
Swackhamer, Susan
Swain, Lenore
Swann, Martha
Swanson, Barbara
Swartzwelder, Marge
Sweeney, Doria
Sweeney, Barbara
Sweet, John A.
Swenson, Carroll M.
Swisher, Mark
Swoverland, Edward L. & Crystal 
Tabone, Fran
Talaue, Christian
Tarleton, Ethel B.
Tarleton, Betty G.
Taschereau, Armand & Donna
Tate, Sandra
Tate, Mrs. Naita
Taylor, Barbara C.
Taylor, Debbie
Taylor, Mrs. Andrea
Taylor, Marjorie
Taylor, J.A. PTA
Taylor, M. Todd
Teachout, Mary
Tebo, Lois E.
Tebo, Linda
Teeter, Sharon & Putman
Teevan, Pam
Tejo, Vivian
Terneus, John Lee
Terry, Kathryn
TerVeer, Karen
Test, Merle W.
Testa, Annamarie
Thai, Hai
Tharp, Bette Jo
Tharpe, Yolanda
Tharpe, Mrs. Brenda
Thein, Hayley A.
Theisen, Nancy
Thellen, Joan
Thibodeau, Rosemary
Thomas, Janet
Thomas, J.E.
Thomas, Catherine M.
Thomas, Ajay
Thomas, Carol
Thomas, Mary
Thomas, Heather L.
Thompson, Nancy
Thompson, Mrs. S.
Thompson, Michael
Thompson, Anne
Thompson, Cynthia
Thompson, Lori J.
Thompson, Lawrence 
Thompson, Karen N.
Thorpe, Marsha
Threadgill, Cindy
Throneburg, Olga
Thrushman, Lucynda
Thullen, Debbie
Thurston, Jennifer
Tiches, Effie
Tidwell, Reed & Sheri
Tiedje, Margie
Tillent, Jenny
Tiller, Judy
Tillotson, Ms. Mary Ann
Timm, Ethel
Timmons, Dee Alice
Tisor, Brian
Tizekker, David
Toelle, Marietta
Tom, June K.
Toma, Mary U.
Torres, M.
Torvinen, Elaine
Toth, Brandy
Tovares, Deborah
Towns, Donna Penn
Townsend, Leslie J.
Tracy, Cindy
Traditional Values Coalition
Tramontanis, Gail
Traylor, Mary L.
Treasko, Elaine
Treat, Ruth M.
Trick, Courtney
Trieb, Mr. & Mrs. S.E.
Trine, Valerie
Triplett, Ted L.
Trout, Mary E.
Trujillo, Barbara C.
Trusty, Kimberli
Trutwin, Sister Mary J.
Tsai, Lena
Tschoepe, Leslie W.
Tseng, Catherine
Tsioles, Dina
Tsuly, Ann
Tucker, Gwen
Tufty, Betty Ann
Tuley, J.B.
Tumbarello, Michael
Tuminen, Cathi Connelly
Tunnell, Russell
Tunnell, Judy
Turley-Trejo, Lanae
Turnball, Rosaline
Turner, Billy & Glenda
Turner, Betty
Turner, Maria
Turyn, Mrs.
Tush, Beth
Tyler, Christi
Tyree, Susan W.
Ulrich, Robert
Ultsch, Mary
Unrau, Maren
Unswarth, Lydia
Updike, V. Lauri
Upton, Elvin
Upton, Denise
Urmetz, Mr. & Mrs. Walter (2)
Urmetz, Mr. & Mrs. Walter
Vacha, Mr. Charles
Valdes, Ernesto
Valentin, Nydia
Vallieres, Mary Ann
Valvove, Beth
Van Rautenberg, Brenda
Van de Graaff, Mr.
Van Antwerp, Margaret
Van Schepen, Dr. John
VanBrunt, Josephine
Vanderpool, Rhonda
Vanlishout, Harry & Theckla
Vanore, Karen B.
Vasko, Susanne
Vasquez, Julliette
Vatterott, Mary Patricia
Vaughn, Arlene
Vay, Mr. et. al (Francis McClure
     Middle School) 
Vazquez, Sra. Aida L. (Concilio           para
la Ed.de la Familia)
Vazquez, Marina
Vazzina, Mrs. J.
Vega, W.
Veit, Carolyn
Vella, K.
Ventura, Adelaide, et. al
Venugopal, Carol
Verdon, Theresa
Vergara, Connilee
Vero, C.
Verrastro, Colleen
Vested, Marie
Viaud, Anita
Villeporteaux, M.T.
Villosenor, Marguerite
Visser, Carolyn L.
Vlach, Michael & Linda
Vladeck, Mr. & Mrs. Jil
Vogtman, Susan
Voliva, Sharon G.
Vos, Marie C.
Vose, Ann B.
Votlz, Kimberly
Vuernicz, E.
Waber, Patricia D.
Wachtlen, James
Wachtlen, Ellen
Wade, Kimberly
Wadhwani, J.
Wadzinski, Susan
Waggoner, Sherry
Wagner, Jim & Rita
Wagner, Diana
Wagner, Donna J.
Waitt, Beverly F.
WALB-TV (2) (Jim Wilcox,           Bob
Campbell) 
Walees, Susan J.
Walker, Ruth G.
Walker, Mary Ann
Walker, Linda
Walker, Ed & Virginia
Walker, Gilbert W.
Walker, Karen J.
Walker, S.
Wall, Monica
Wallace, Patricia
Wallace, Al
Wallander, Mary Jo
Waller, Mary Frances
Walmsley, Lyne
Walsh, Donna Jo
Walsh, Diana
Walters, Debra
WAOW-TV (Laurin Jorstad)
Ward, Tiffany
Ward, Betty
Ward, Shari A.
Ward, Jeannie
Warnecke, M.
Warnell, Janet
Warsfield, Eileen
Washington Center PTA
Washington School PTA
Watermann, Jody
Watermen, Millie
Waters, Brandon
Watkins, Wanda
Watkins, Mrs. Peg
Watson, Mark & Beverly
Watson, Jill
Watson, Carolyn B.
Watson, Jill
Watt, Cathleen
Watt, Beverly
Watts, Pamela
WCCB-TV (Tarleton, Cullie)
WCIA-TV (Robb Gray, Jr.)
WCIV-TV (Stephen Brock)
WCSC-TV (James H. Smith)
WCYB-TV (Joe Macione)
WDIV-TV (Alan Frank)
WDTV (Mike Smith)
Weaver, Ms. Donna E.
Weaver, Mrs. Imogene
Webb, Mark, et. al
Webb, Barbara
Weber, Christine
Webster, Terri
Wegenhoft, John, et. al
Weidan, John
Weigand, Debora (Missouri
      Assoc. for Family &
      Community Education)
Weinhan, Annabelle
Welch, Mrs. Carl
Welch, Helen
Wellbrock, Terry
Wellnitz, Sally M.
Wells, V.F.
Wells, Tracey
Wells, Andrew
Wendel, Jo
Wenstead, Wilma
Wentworth, Fredrick A.
Werd, Corky & Robert C.
Werner, Dana
Wertke, Elizabeth
Wertke, Elizabeth (2)
Weseloh, Anna Marie
West, Kathleen
West, Janice
Westbrook, Michael
Westbrook, Lee
Westmeyer, Mr. & Mrs. F.T.
Westmoreland, Jill T.
Westmoreland, Iris C.
WFTC-TV (Steve Spendlove)
WFTS-TV (Jim Major)
WGAJ-TV (Louis Gattozzi)
WGAL-TV (Paul Quinn)
WGGB-TV (Mike Bock)
WGMB-TV (Damian Calato)
WGME-TV (Bill Stough)
WHBF-TV (Porter, Marshall)
Whech, Jonathan
Wheeler, Martha
Whelehan, Renee
Whipple, Lori
Whitcomb, Carol
Whitcomb, Lynn
White, Sharon C.
White, Mary E.
White, Linda
Whiting, Marcia
Whitley, Dolores S.
Whitlow, Fenton
Whitlow, Elizabeth
Whitlow, Brenda
Whitten, Patricia
Whitten, Mr. & Mrs. Mark A.
Whittore, Anita
WHNS-TV (R. Kent Replogle)
WIBW-TV (Kirk Black)
WICD-TV (Vann, Les)
WICS-TV (John Connors)
Wiebe, Sharon
Wiebler, Gertrude
Wight, Colby & Anita
Wilbas, Phyllis
Wilcock, Gail
Wilcox, Patsy
Wiley, Diane L.
Wilinski, Mrs. Rosalie
Wilke, V.E.
Wilkerson, Cynthia
Wilkes, Mr. & Mrs. Larry E.
Wilkinson, Genevie
Willey, Lisa & Cliff
Williams, Valerie
Williams, Phyllis
Williams, Judy
Williams, Lisa
Williams, Jerry & Frances
Williams, Lori S.
Williams, A. Thomasine
Williams, Alma S.
Williams, Connie
Williams, Jane & Weiver, Ellen
Williams, Debra
Williams, Wendy
Williams, Jeanne
Williams, Donna
Williamsen, Sarah
Williamson, Flo
Willie, Barbara
Willson, Evelyn O.
Wilson, Rev. Eugene
Wilson, Penny
Wilson, Nell L., et al.
Wilson, Leslie 
Wilson, Florine
Windels, Sue
Windham, Sherry
Winefeldt, Angie
Winefeldt, Donald
Winn, Karen
Winter, Maureen
Wise, Peter
Wise, Mrs. Lois R.
Wiseman, Sallie K.
Wiser, Beverly, et. al
Witham, Christine
Withycombe, Brant
Witkowski, Diane
Witmer, Mary
Witt, Mr. & Mrs. Andrew P.
Witte, Renota
Witte, Jayne
WJZY-TV (Mark Conrad)
WKYT-TV (Wayne Martin)
WKYT-TV (Wayne Martin)
WLBT-TV (Modisett Dan)
WLOX-TV (Leon Long)
WLTX-TV (Richard Laughridge)
WLTZ-TV (Davis, Jim)
WLTZ-TV (Bartlett, Ron)
WLTZ-TV (Breazeale, Tom)
WMTW-TV (Kaufman, David)
WNCT-TV (Edward J. Adams)
WOKR -TV (Nielsen, Gary R.)
Wolfe, Jeannette
Wolken, Libby, et.al
Wollmann, Jennifer
Womack, Stacy
Wong, Thomas
Wong, Roseta
Wood, Suzanna
Wood, Tara
Wood, Susan K.
WOOD-TV (Scott Blumenthal)
Woodall, Don
Woodard, Galen
Woods, Stacey
Woods, W. & Julie
Woods, Donna
Woodside PTA
WOWK-TV (Terry Cole)
WPMT-TV (John Riggle)
Wray, Lina
WRBL-TV (Jim Caruthers)
Wright, Robin M.
Wright, Theresa
Wright, Joey Jr.
Wrinecki, Marciel
WSJV-TV (Sargent, Kevin)
WSPA-TV (Conschafter, Jim)
WTAJ-TV (Louis Gattozzi)
WTOL-TV (Mel Stebbins)
WTOL-TV (Mel Stebbins)
WTVR-TV (Mark Keown)
WTWC-TV (Anderson,           William S.)
Wubrisch, Pam & Todd
Wulf, Joanna & Dennis
WWBT-TV (John Shreves)
WYFF-TV (David McAtee)
Wynn, Terry
Yap, Ricky
Yarborough, James S.
Yates, Beth
Yates, Assonia
Yates, Sally
Yockers, Marcia
Yoder, Ron
Young, P.S.
Young, Michelle
Young, Kathy 
Young, Judy & Michael
Young, Jay & Bobbie
Young, MaryEllen
Young, Heily
Zakovid, Kada
Zalewski, Mr. & Mrs. Gary
Zamora, Rosie
Zdrojewski, Arnold
Zeigler, Joy & John
Ziegler, Katharine
Ziegler, Bertha L.
Ziemba, Lucie & Jim
Zilli, Serena
Zillig, Karyn
Zimmerman, Susan M.
Zimmerman, Karen
Zimpfer, Craig & Anne
Zito, Cathy
Zollinger, Jerri
Zummer, Gerry
Zummer, George, L.
Zwald, Irma































                                    
                                    
                               APPENDIX C
                                    
                  Responses to Industry Submission of
                             August 1, 1997
              (electronic mail correspondence not listed)

Comments
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
American Academy of Pediatrics
American Psychiatric Association
Block, Robert S.
Children Now
Collings, Tim (Simon Fraser University)
Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association
Morality in Media, Inc.
National Association of Broadcasters, National Cable Television Association, and
Motion Picture Association of America
National Broadcasting Company, Inc.
National PTA
Univerity of Wisconsin-Madison

Reply Comments
Kimball, Robert
National Broadcasting Company, Inc.


Informal Comments
Life Directions
Traylor, Pam
                               APPENDIX D
                         Industry Submission of
                             August 1, 1997
                                    
                                                                                      

    SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMM. HAROLD W. FURCHTGOTT-ROTH

In the Matter of Implementation of Section 551 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996: Video Programming Ratings, CS Docket 97-55

     It cannot be gainsaid that the First Amendment prohibits government from either abridging or compelling protected speech.  In view of that
fundamental constitutional principle, section 551 of the Telecommunications Act prudently provided an alternative to a government-created, government-policed
scheme for judging the content of video programming:  the establishment of a private, voluntary ratings system by video programming distributors.  

     Under section 551, if the Commission determines that such establishment has occurred, the provision of the Communications Act that creates
governmental ratings guidelines, section 303(w), never takes effect.  By this Report & Order, the Commission fulfills its limited statutory role of determining 
that the industry's ratings rules are "acceptable," section 551(1)(A), and that "distributors of video programming have . . . agreed voluntarily to broadcast signals
that contain ratings," section 551(1)(B).  Under the Act, our involvement in programming ratings is now at an end.

     This Order should not be interpreted as a basis for future governmental efforts to compel adherence to the industry guidelines at issue in this
proceeding.  Once the government becomes involved in pressuring distributors to take part in this program, the program of course ceases to be "voluntary" in any
real sense of the word.  Participation on pain of governmental penalty is simply not willing participation.  And forced participation in content-based regulation of
speech runs headlong into the First Amendment, as the drafters of section 551 realized.  

     In this regard, I salute the courage and fortitude of those programmers, such as NBC and BET, who have resisted political pressure to effectively
convert these voluntary guidelines into mandatory regulations.   Whether these companies opt in or out of the guidelines is a matter between them, their
colleagues in industry, their advertisers, and last but not least their viewers.  In the end, programming distributors should look to their own viewing audience,
rather than to government, to determine what type of ratings, if any, to employ.  When programmers do so, they should be commended, not condemned, for their
independence of mind.  That, after all, is what the First Amendment is about.

                                                   March 12, 1998

        SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER GLORIA TRISTANI

In the Matter of Implementation of Section 551 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Video Programming Ratings, CS Docket No. 97-55, and In the Matter of
Technical Requirements to Enable Blocking of Video Programming Based on Program Ratings, Implementation of Sections 551(c), (d) and (e) of the
Telecommunications Act of 1996, ET Docket No. 97-206


     As I travel around the country, I hear again and again from parents who are concerned about what their children are being exposed to on TV.  The
facts support their concern.  Children spend about 25 hours a week watching TV, more time each year than they spend in the classroom.  And much of what they
are watching is violent.  By the time they complete elementary school, children have witnessed about 8,000 murders and 100,000 acts of violence.  
     Parents want to protect their children from violent and other kinds of programming that they consider harmful.  But the task is daunting.  Nowadays
there aren't just three channels to monitor, there are dozens.  No parent can possibly know what's on all of them all of the time.  And in this age of single parent
families and families in which both parents must work to make ends meet, it simply isn't possible for parents to always be at home to monitor what their children
are watching.  These parents want and deserve the ability to protect their children as much as parents who are able to closely monitor their children's viewing
habits. 

     Today's actions will give parents a modern tool to help raise their children in the modern world.  Under the voluntary Industry rating system we have
found acceptable, parents should be able to receive the information they need in order to determine whether an upcoming program contains sex, violence,
offensive language or suggestive dialogue.  When used in conjunction with the V-chip, parents will be able to prevent their children from viewing programming
that they consider harmful, even when they cannot be home. 
 
     The V-chip will not relieve parents of the responsibility of determining what their children watch on TV.  It will help them fulfill that responsibility. 
Those who urge parents to simply turn off the shows they do not want their children to see should welcome the V-chip.  The V-chip is essentially a remote
control device with a longer range.  It allows parents to "turn off" programs that they believe are harmful to their children while they are at work, at a PTA
meeting, or at a Saturday night movie.  It will not be a substitute for parents; it will help parents do their jobs.

     I commend the Industry for developing an Industry-wide consensus on its voluntary ratings proposal.  I also commend the Industry for its
willingness to broaden this consensus by addressing some of the concerns that the public raised regarding its initial proposal.  I note 

that there are still some entities, such as NBC and BET, whose decision not to participate in the current ratings system will make it more difficult for parents to
program the V-chip using the Industry proposal.  I am especially concerned that many parents might not realize that NBC -- one of the major networks with some
of the highest-rated programming on television -- does not apply content-based indicators.  Such a parent, for example, may attempt to block violent
programming using the "v" content-based indicator without realizing that they may also have to select an entire age-based category in order to block violent
shows on NBC.  Once a parent selects an entire age-based category, however, he or she loses the ability to establish different age-based categories for different
types of content (e.g., the ability to restrict violence to a TV-PG level while permitting sexual content up to a TV-14 level).  In this way, a parent who attempts to
compensate for the NBC approach by blocking out an entire age-based category may be unable to take full advantage of the Industry system.  As parents begin
using the V-chip, I am hopeful that all video programming distributors will perceive the public interest in making the V-chip a more effective and easy-to-use
tool for parents to block programming that they deem harmful to their children.