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HIGHLIGHT 1Italics and BoldldeddI+. 2mRJ^NKsOL1 PM1 PfQ  )a [ PfQO Style 12Dutch Italics 11.5c$$F )^ `> XifQ  )a [ PfQO Style 11Initial Codes for Advanced IIdJ )a [ PfQK  dddn  #  [ X` hp x (#%'b, oT9 ! )^ `> XifQ ` Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   x )^ `> XifQ Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   j-n )^ `> XifQ    Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`6 >Page  jBX )^ `> XifQ    Page ` Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 Style 3oDutch Roman 11.5 with Margins/Tabse )a [ PfQO  ddn  # c0*b, oT9 !2Unflglh|9mimStyle 4 PSwiss 8 Point with MarginsfDq Co> PfQ  dddd  #  Style 1.5Dutch Roman 11.5 Fontg4h )a [ PfQO  dddn Style 2Dutch Italic 11.5h$ )^ `> XifQ Style 5Dutch Bold 18 Pointi$RH$L T~> pfQ_  )a [ PfQO 2yjnk'olomtStyle 7Swiss 11.5j$$V )ao> PfQ ]  )a [ PfQO Style 6Dutch Roman 14 Pointk$$N w [ PfQ   )a [ PfQO Style 10oInitial Codes for Advancedl U )a [ PfQK  dddn  ##  [[ b, oT9 !b, oT9 !n )^ `> XifQ ` Advanced Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   f )^ `> XifQ Advanced Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   Q" )^ `> XifQ    Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`6 >Page  QN~ )^ `> XifQ    Page ` Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 Style 8PfInitial Codes for Beginninggmi )a [ PfQK  dddn  # X` hp x (#%'b, oT9  [ &e )^ `> XifQ ` Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   d )^ `> XifQ Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   jH )^ `> XifQ    Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`6 >Page  j )^ `> XifQ    Page ` Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 2nzo K"KmStyle 9Initial Codes for Intermediaten )a [ PfQK  dddn  # X` hp x (#%'b, oT9 Њ [ e )^ `> XifQ ` Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   3 )^ `> XifQ Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   jf )^ `> XifQ    Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc.`+ >Page  jX )^ `> XifQ    Page ` Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 UpdateInitial Codes for Update Moduleo )a [ PfQK  dddn  #  [ X` hp x (#%'b, oT9 !n )^ `> XifQ ` Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide   f )^ `> XifQ Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide   Q" )^ `> XifQ    Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`7 CPage  jN~ )^ `> XifQ    Page ` Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 "i~'^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd|Ld|pȐD8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8pdppXLDpdddXP,PhD4htDDD4DDDDDDdDp8dddddȐXXXXXJ8J8J8J8pddddppppddpddddzpdddXXhXXXXXdddhdptL8LpLDLpphhp8ZDP8pppddƐXXXpLpLpLphfDtppppppȐhXXXpDppLDd4ddC6CWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxHjdDdddddd8HH"&H>XHH8HB8>HH^HH>"".2",2,2,"222N2222"&22H22,006"6."""""""""""2H,H,H,H,H,XAB,>,>,>,>,""""H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H,H2H1H2H2H282H,H,H,B,B,B6B,H?>,>,>,>,H2H2H2H6H2H6H2""2"""2F866H2>>(>">">H2;H2H2H2H2XHB"B"B"8&8&8&86>*>>.H2H2H2H2H2H2^HH6>,>,>,H2>"H28&>"H2?22!!WFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxN$<<$.2",2222`2 LL2 LL2L"",,2d""ppaReleased:  ;?July  ;? August 2 ;? , 1996 By the Commission:  X3  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) I. INTRODUCTION AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Đ,G  X~3 ] Lj1.` ` By our actions today, we are permitting the shared use of the 216217 MHz band,  jon a secondary, noninterference basis, for a new Low Power Radio Service (LPRS) to include  jauditory assistance devices, health care assistance devices, and law enforcement tracking systems.  j[Use of these low power devices will be authorized by rule, rather than through individual  jlicensing, in order to promote the rapid deployment of these new services to the public. We also  j%are permitting Automated Maritime Telecommunications System (AMTS) coast stations to share  jithe upper portion of this band on a secondary basis for low power pointtopoint network control  jcommunications. Presently, no radio service is authorized by the Commission in the 216217  jMHz band on a primary basis due to the potential for harmful interference to television (TV)  jchannel 13 reception. The sole high power service in this band is the United States Navy's Space  X3 jjSurveillance System (SPASUR) operating in the 216.88217.08 MHz band.` {O "ԍjSee 47 C.F.R.  2.106, Footnote US229.` Each of these new  jlow power uses involve short range transmitters that are unlikely to cause harmful interference  jto TV reception on adjacent frequencies or government operations in the upper portion of the band.  X%"3 ] j2.` ` This action benefits many sectors of the public by: (1) increasing educational  jopportunities and access to telecommunications devices for persons with disabilities,  jl(2)facilitating health care services, (3) strengthening law enforcement, and (4) maximizing  jefficiency in the use of AMTS coast station frequencies. In addition, providing spectrum for  jauditory assistance devices and radiobased health care devices furthers the goals of the  jZAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the TechnologyRelated Assistance for"&Z,**qq^*"  j7Individuals with Disabilities Act Amendments of 1994 (Tech Act Amendments) by promoting  j7the development and use of affordable telecommunications devices by persons with disabilities  X3 jin places such as educational settings, public gathering places, and health care facilities.!> yOK"ԍ IDEA jADA, Pub. L. 101336, 104 Stat. 327 (1990); Tech Act Amendments, Pub. L. 103218, 108 Stat. 50 (1994). Such  j8action is consistent with the goals of Section 255(b) of the Communications Act of 1934, as  j%amended by Section 101 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, which was intended to facilitate  X3 j{access to telecommunications equipment by persons with disabilities. !> {O^ "ԍj47 U.S.C.  255 (Communications Act), amended by Pub. L. No. TELECOM CITE104104, 110 Stat. 56, 75 (1996) (1996 Telecommunications Act). The other types of uses  junder this new radio service similarly contribute to the public good. Providing spectrum for law  jienforcement tracking systems promotes the development of stateoftheart law enforcement tools  jwhich already have been successfully implemented in major cities nationwide on an experimental  jJbasis. Use of law enforcement tracking systems will facilitate reduction of crime and law  j8enforcement costs by expediting the retrieval of stolen goods and apprehension of suspects.  j%Further, low power pointtopoint network control links will benefit tugs, barges, and commercial  jvessels by increasing the efficiency of channel usage in AMTS coast stations. Finally, this action promotes effective utilization of presently unused spectrum.  X 3g II. BACKGROUND Đ,G  Xy3 ] j3.` ` The 216220 MHz band was originally allocated to the AMTS to provide  j7automated, integrated, interconnected shiptoshore communications for tugs, barges, and other  jcommercial vessels on waterways. The band was divided into four frequency groups: the paired  jA and B Groups in the 217218 MHz and 219220 MHz bands, and the paired C and D Groups  jin the 216217 and 218219 MHz bands. The 216217 MHz band, however, was found to be  junusable by high power AMTS coast stations within 105 miles of TV channel 13 stations, which  j}operate on the immediately adjacent 210216 MHz band, due to the potential for harmful  X3 jHinterference to TV reception.z!> {O"ԍjSee AAMTS DECISIONmendment of Parts 2 and 80 of the Commission's Rules Applicable to Automated Maritime  {O"Telecommunications Systems (AMTS), GEN Docket No. 88372, First Report and Order, 6 FCC Rcd 437 (1991). The Commission reached a similar conclusion in denying the American Radio Relay League's request to permit secondary use of the 216217 MHz band for amateur operations because of the potential for harmful  {O' "interference to TV reception. See Allocation of the 219220 MHz Band for use by the Amateur Radio Service,  {O "ET Docket No. 9340, Report and Order, 10 FCC Rcd 4446 (1995). Further, in 1992, the Commission reallocated the 218219 MHz  X3 jband from the AMTS to the Interactive Video and Data Service (IVDS).& !> yOl#"ԍjAmendment of parts 0, 1, 2, and 95 of the Commission's Rules to Provide Interactive Video and Data  {O4$"Services, GEN Docket No. 912, Report and Order, 7 FCC Rcd 1630 (1992); see also Amendment of Parts 2  {O$"and 80 of the Commission's Rules Applicable to Automated Maritime Telecommunications Systems (AMTS),  {O%"GEN Docket No. 88372, Memorandum Opinion and Order, 7 FCC Rcd 3607 (1992). This action effectively  j"orphaned" the 216217 MHz band by taking away one side of the channel pair from Groups C",7)7)qq*"  X3 jand D. !> yOy"ԍjThe AMTS was initially allocated 80 duplex channel pairs divided into four 20channel groups, designated as Groups A, B, C, and D. Frequencies allotted for the ship transmit side of the channel pair in Groups C and D were reallocated to IVDS in GEN Docket No. 912. The remaining half of the pair in Groups C and D, 216217 MHz, is currently not being used. Accordingly, the Group C and D channels are no longer assignable to AMTS coast  X3stations.G!> yOJ"ԍj47 C.F.R.  80.385.G  X3 ] j4.` ` Before considering the use of new transmitting devices in the 216217 MHz band,  jjthe Commission must consider the potential for harmful interference to government users in the  jXband. The United States Navy's SPASUR radar system operates in the 216.88217.08 MHz band  j%and is presently the sole high power radio service in the 216217 MHz band. The SPASUR radar  jIsystem is located in the southern United States and consists of three high power transmitter  XH3 jlocations and six receiver locations.o H@!> yO9"ԍjSPASUR transmitter sites are located in the vicinities of Archer, TX (99 dBW), Weptumka, AL (87 dBW), and Maricopa, AZ (89 dBW). SPASUR receiver sites are located on a great circle in the vicinities of Fort Stewart, GA, Hawkinsville, GA, Greenville, MS, Lewisville, AR, Truth or Consequences, NM, and Chula Vista, CA.o Section 2.106 of the Commission's rules, 47 C.F.R.   j2.106, provides that fixed and mobile transmissions may be authorized in the 216220 MHz band so long as they do not cause harmful interference to SPASUR.  X 3 ] ,j5.` ` On November 30, 1992, the Commission released a Notice of Proposed Rule  X 3 jMaking and Notice of Inquiry (NOI) in PR Docket No. 92257 requesting public comment  jconcerning alternative uses of the 216217 MHz band that would not cause harmful interference  X 3 jto TV channel 13 (210216 MHz).  ( !> yO"ԍjAmendment of the Commission's Rules Concerning Maritime Communications, PR Docket No. 92257,  {OL"Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Notice of Inquiry, 7 FCC Rcd 7863 (1992). Based on comments received in response to the NOI, the  X3 jCommission released the Notice of Proposed Rule Making (Notice) in this proceeding on May  j16, 1995, proposing to permit the shared use of the band by a new LPRS consisting of low  jpower, oneway auditory assistance devices, health care monitoring devices, and law enforcement  XS3 jtracking systems.Y S !> {O"ԍjNotice, 10 FCC Rcd at 5428 (1995).Y Additionally, the Notice proposed to permit low power AMTS pointtopoint communications in the upper portion of the 216217 MHz band.  X3 ] j6.` ` An auditory assistance system consists of a very low power, short range transmitter  jand special receivers that allow persons with hearing disabilities to enjoy educational or  jentertaining audio presentations. Such devices use a single frequency to transmit an audio signal  joneway at very low power. Similarly, low power transmitters may be used in conjunction with  jmedical monitoring equipment to transmit a patient's vital signs or other data over short distances  jin a health care facility. In a law enforcement tracking system extremely small radio transmitters  jcan be attached to money and goods that are likely to be stolen. When a theft occurs, the device" ,7)7)qq9"  jis activated and begins transmitting a radio signal. Radio direction finding equipment may then  jbe used to rapidly locate the stolen item. Finally, low power AMTS pointtopoint  jcommunications could aid in improving the efficiency of automated coast station systems by  jGproviding a channel which AMTS licensees may use to coordinate system operations. A majority  jjof the thirtythree comments and six reply comments received support the proposals contained  X3in the Notice and promote the delivery of the services described above. !> yO"ԍjA list of parities filing comments and reply comments is contained in Appendix A.  Xa3 III. DISCUSSION Đ,G  X33j A.` ` Scope of Service  X 3 ] j7.` ` Proposal. In the Notice, we proposed to authorize shared use of the 216217 MHz  jband on a secondary, noninterference basis for a LPRS and low power AMTS pointtopoint  jcommunications. The proposed LPRS included the operation of auditory assistance devices, law  j'enforcement tracking systems, and radiobased health care aids. The AMTS pointtopoint  X 3 jcommunications envisioned by the Notice would provide network control communications for  X3 jAMTS coast stations.R X!> {O"ԍjNotice, 10 FCC Rcd at 5429.R Further, the Notice made clear that these low power transmissions must  jnot cause harmful interference to TV receivers within the Grade B contour of any TV channel  Xj313 station. j!> yO"ԍjThe Grade B contour of a TV Channel 13 station is defined in 47 C.F.R.  73.683.  X<3 ] j8.` ` Comments. Commenters overwhelmingly support the use of auditory assistance  X'3 jdevices and health care aids in the 216217 MHz band.'z!> {OR"ԍjSee, e.g., American SpeechLanguageHearing Association (ASHA) Comments at 2; Fred Daniel d/b/a Orion Telecom (Orion) Comments at 2. The American SpeechLanguage jHHearing Association (ASHA), representing more than 81,000 speech and hearing professionals,  jnotes that the 7276 MHz band, presently used for auditory assistance devices, is crowded with  jhigh power paging and land mobile systems that cause "significant interference" to low power  jdevices. ASHA also notes that providing better quality spectrum for auditory assistance devices  jin educational settings furthers the goals of the ADA, the Individuals with Disabilities Education  X3 jHAct (IDEA),]!> yO"""ԍjIDEA, Pub. L. 102119, 105 Stat. 587 (1991).] and the Tech Act Amendments.d !> {O#"ԍjASHA Comments at 2; see also PUBLAW , supra note  IDEA2 . Pat Rice of the Minnesota State Academy for  jthe Deaf adds that interferencefree auditory assistance devices will result in a "significant dollar  Xo3 j{savings in educational costs nationwide."Ho !> yO'"ԍjPat Rice Comments at 1.H Phonic Ear states that using the 216217 MHz band  jwould increase classroom access to auditory assistance devices, create an interferencefree"X ,7)7)qqH"  jYenvironment for the operation of such devices, and permit the miniaturization of headsets worn  X3 jby students.L!> yOb"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 23.L The Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc., LIN Television Corp.,  jPostNewsweek Stations, Inc., and the Spartan Radiocasting Company (MSTV) and Williams  j7Sound Corp. (WSC), a manufacturer of auditory assistance equipment, agree that the proposed  jLPRS transmissions do not pose a significant risk of harmful interference to TV channel 13  X3operations.]X!> yO"ԍjMSTV Comments at 3; WSC Reply Comments at 4.]  X_3 ] j9.` ` Several commenters also advocate expanding the scope of the LPRS to include  jadditional technologies. For example, Phonic Ear and WSC ask the Commission to authorize the  j7use of auditory assistance devices to provide simultaneous language translation, noting a strong  jpublic demand for improving educational opportunities for Americans who do not speak English  X 3 jas a primary language.c !> yO"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 7; WSC Reply Comments at 2.c Additionally, Phonic Ear advocates the use of auditory assistance  X 3 jdevices to amplify sound in classrooms for children with attention problems.J x!> yO"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 7.J Also, WSC asks  jthe Commission to include Audio Description for the Blind (ADB) under the "auditory assistance"  X 3umbrella.I !> yOw"ԍjWSC Reply Comments at 3.I  X3 ] j 10.` ` Commenters also support the authorization of low power law enforcement tracking  Xy3 jsystem transmitters in the 216217 MHz band.qy!> {O"ԍjSee, e.g., ProNet Comments at 1; MSTV Comments at 4.q ProNet states that it operates nearly 30,000  jelectronic tracking system transmitters nationwide under an experimental license, providing  jZservice to over 90 law enforcement agencies and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in  X43 j&over 100 cities.F4* !> yO"ԍjProNet Comments at 3.F ProNet claims that in 1994 alone, its systems were instrumental in capturing  j204 suspects, recovering 1.8 million dollars in stolen cash and valuables, and preventing  japproximately 1,000 additional robberies by facilitating the rapid capture of suspects before they  X3 jcould commit other crimes.F !> yOZ""ԍjProNet Comments at 5.F Fifteen commenters representing localities, banks, and the FBI also  jattest to the success rate of electronic tracking systems. For example, a Santa Ana [CA] Resident  jAgent of the FBI notes that ProNet's system "has been a significant tool in lowering our area's  jZbank robberies 55%, recovering 61% of dollars taken, and reducing violence and citizen harm  X3 jin the Orange County area."J !> yO'"ԍjLetter from James M. Donckels, Senior Supervisory Resident Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation, to William F. Caton, Acting Secretary, Federal Communications Commission, (August 10, 1995). Further, MSTV and ProNet agree that, due to low transmitting",7)7)qqm"  jpower and intermittent operation, the proposed law enforcement tracking system transmissions  X3 jwould not cause harmful interference to TV channel 13 operations.[!> yOb"ԍjMSTV Comments at 3; ProNet Comments at 12.[ In fact, ProNet claims that  jextensive testing has shown no perceptible harmful interference from law enforcement tracking  X3systems in the 216217 MHz band to TV channel 13 reception.X!> {O"ԍjProNet Comments at 12; see also ProNet Request to Modify Petition for Rule Making, RM7784 (filed Oct. 26, 1993).  X3 ] j 11.` ` The commenters are divided over the issue of authorizing low power AMTS point jtopoint transmissions in the 216217 MHz band. AMTS licensees Orion and Waterway  jCommunications System, Inc. (WATERCOM), as well as Phonic Ear, support the use of "short XH3 jYhaul" AMTS links in the upper portion of the band, separate from the LPRS.xH!> yO "ԍjOrion Comments at 1; Phonic Ear Comments at ii; WATERCOM Comments at 1.x WATERCOM  jnotes that authorizing low power operation would help AMTS systems "optimize frequency  X 3 j{utilization and system management."H B!> yO "ԍjWATERCOM Comments at 2.H Additionally, Multimedia WMAZ, Inc. (Multimedia), a  j9broadcast licensee, and Phonic Ear note that safeguards such as low power operation and  j7directional antennas would protect adjacent channel services, such as other LPRS users and TV  X 3 jchannel 13, from harmful interference.e !> yOX"ԍjMultimedia Comments at 3; Phonic Ear Comments at 10.e MSTV and WVEC Television, Inc. (WVECTV),  jhowever, contend that AMTS transmissions in coastal markets will cause harmful interference to  jHTV channel 13. Additionally, MSTV expresses concern regarding this interference potential on  jthe basis of its experience that AMTS licensees "have not been willing to address interference  Xy3 jproblems seriously or effectively."D yb !> yO"ԍjMSTV Comments at 4.D MSTV also states that future advanced television  jtransmissions may be even more susceptible to interference from adjacentband AMTS  XK3 j&transmissions than existing NTSC signals.!K !> yO"ԍjMSTV Reply Comments at 2. "NTSC" refers to the National Television Systems Committee standard for all television broadcast signals in the United States. Multimedia suggests that TV channel 13 licensees  jbe notified in writing of and be given 45 days to comment on proposed AMTS pointtopoint  X3operations.J"J !> yO""ԍjMultimedia Comments at 4.J  X3 ] ;j 12.` ` Finally, several commenters urge us to consider expanding the permissible services  X3 jfor the 216217 MHz band.#Z\!> yOc&"ԍjIn a related matter, the Commission proposed to seek an international allocation at the 1995 World  {O+'"Radiocommunication Conference for satellite feeder links in the lower portion of the 216217 MHz band. See In the Matter of Preparation for International Telecommunication Union World Radiocommunication Conference,"'",7)7)'"  {O"IC Docket No. 94-31, Report, 10 FCC Rcd 12783 (1995). This proposal, however, was not adopted  {OZ"internationally and does not affect this proceeding. See Final Acts of the World Radio Conference (WRC-95), Geneva (Nov. 17, 1995). ProNet asks the Commission to authorize the use of "panic alarm""#,7)7)qqp"  jsystems at universities as devices "to combat rising crimes against persons, such as rapes and  X3 jHassaults."G$!> yO"ԍjProNet Comments at 15.G ProNet envisions enhanced campus security by providing students with a battery jHpowered transmitter that can be quickly activated to alert a campus police dispatch station of a  jthreatening or perilous situation. Similarly, Dr. Michael C. Trahos (Trahos), Chairman of the  jYRegion20 Public Safety Legislative/Regulatory Affairs Committee, advocates the authorization  X3 jof a personal emergency locator transmitter service in the 216217 MHz band.!%||!> yO "ԍjTrahos Comments at 4; Region20 Public Safety Plan Review and Legislative/Regulatory Affairs Committee's Reply Comments at 3. The Region20 Public Safety Planning Committee was created to address the future communications needs and concerns of the public safety community. The Committee is charged with submitting a public safety plan to the Commission and establishing a review committee to oversee its  {O"implementation. See Development and Implementation of a Public Safety National Plan and Amendment of Part 90 to Establish Service Rules and Technical Standards for Use of the 821-824/866-869 MHz Bands by the Public  {Ol"Safety Services, GEN Docket No. 87112, Report and Order, 3 FCC Rcd 905 (1987).! Radio Telecom  jand Technology, Inc. (RTT), a manufacturer of IVDS equipment, asks the Commission to  jYconsider technical standards that will not prevent the introduction of future IVDS operations in  XH3 jthe 216217 MHz band.C&H !> yO"ԍjRTT Comments at 1.C Finally, Mahon & Patusky, Chartered (MPC), counsel to a developer  j6of auditory assistance equipment, advocates planning for the next generation of advanced auditory  X 3assistance devices in the 400 MHz range.C' P !> yO"ԍjMPC Comments at 1.C  X 3 ] j 13.` ` Decision. Based on overwhelming support from the commenters, we will authorize  jjuse of the 216217 MHz band for a new service, the LPRS, for auditory assistance, radiobased  X 3 jGhealth care, law enforcement tracking, and AMTS pointtopoint network control transmissions.( !> yOQ"ԍjAt a later date, we may revisit the eligibility requirements for LPRS stations to include additional types of transmitters or uses if changes in technology or communications patterns warrant such action.  jGIn order to protect government operations in this band, LPRS transmitters must not cause harmful  X3 j|interference to the United States Navy's SPASUR radar system.) 8!> yO{!"ԍjThis action has been coordinated with the Department of the Navy through the National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The Department of the Navy does not object to LPRS operations in the 216217 MHz band provided that such devices are required to cease operation immediately upon notification that they are causing harmful interference to SPASUR. Further, operations in the  jLPRS must not cause harmful interference to TV receivers within the Grade B contour of any  jTV channel 13 station. All commenters agree that, operating under the 100 milliwatt (mW)  XM3 jeffective radiated power (ERP) limitation discussed in paragraph  POWER35  infra, auditory assistance  jdevices, health care devices, law enforcement tracking systems, and AMTS pointtopoint  joperations are very unlikely to cause harmful interference to TV channel 13 reception. We"! ),7)7)qqQ"  jconclude that this action will benefit the public by increasing access to telecommunications  j7technologies for persons with disabilities, promoting the development of stateoftheart radio jbased law enforcement and medical diagnostic tools, and encouraging use of presently unused radio spectrum.  X3 ] ^j 14.` ` Consistent with Congressional and Commission goals,*!> yO"ԍjThese Congressional goals are set forth in the ADA, the 1994 Tech Act Amendments, and Section 255  {O"of the Communications Act. See supra note PUBLAW16. providing spectrum for  jauditory assistance devices will benefit the approximately 23 million people in the United States  X_3 jwith hearing disabilities+_"!> yO2 "ԍjU.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Admin., Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States 140 (114th ed. 1994). by increasing their educational opportunities and creating incentives to  jspeed the development of radiobased assistance devices. For example, Congress noted in the  jK1994 Tech Act Amendments the "failure of Federal and State Governments, hardware  jXmanufacturers, software designers, information systems managers, and telecommunications service  j6providers to account for the specific needs of individuals with disabilities" and stated that "[t]here  jare insufficient incentives for the commercial pursuit of the application of technology devices to  jmeet the needs of individuals with disabilities, because of the perception that such individuals  X 3 jJconstitute a limited market."\, z!> yO"ԍj1994 Tech Act Amendments,  3(B)(7)(8).\ Section 255(b) of the Communications Act mandates that  jmanufacturers ensure that telecommunications equipment is accessible to and usable by  X3 j}individuals with disabilities.s- !> {OK"ԍjCommunications Act. See supra note TELECOM CITE3.s Consistent with these Congressional initiatives, this action  jpromotes the production of radio equipment that can improve the quality of life for persons with  jdisabilities by making it easier for them to participate in classroom discussions, conduct business  jYmeetings, or enjoy sporting events. Auditory assistance devices presently operate in the 7276  jMHz band under Part 15 of our Rules and are sometimes unusable due to harmful interference  j8from high power licensed users in the band. As discussed above, however, there are no high  jpower users authorized by the Commission in the 216217 MHz band due to the potential for  jZharmful interference to TV channel 13. Additionally, this action will allow manufacturers to  j{miniaturize antennas and design more aesthetically pleasing receivers. Finally, this is consistent  jwith similar actions the Commission has initiated to make available additional spectrum for  X3auditory assistance devices..!> {O!"ԍjSee, e.g., Amendment of Part 15 to Provide Additional Frequencies for Auditory Assistance Devices for  {O""the Hearing Impaired, ET Docket No. 91150, Report and Order, 7 FCC Rcd 2256 (1992).  X|3 ] j15.` ` Originally, we proposed to limit the use of auditory assistance devices to persons  Xe3 jwith disabilities, i.e., persons with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one"e .,7)7)qq8"  X3 jor more of the major life activities of such individuals./!> yOy"ԍj DISABLED For purposes of eligibility under the LPRS, "disability" will be defined as provided in section 3(2)(A) of the ADA (42 U.S.C. 12102(2)(A)). Based on the comments, however, we  jbelieve eligibility under the LPRS should be expanded to include use of auditory assistance  X3 jdevices by persons that may benefit from such devices in educational settings, e.g., persons with  jYattention disorders or language barriers. Expanding the scope of the LPRS to include uses other  j&than the amplification of sound for the hard of hearing is consistent with our goal of facilitating  jpublic access to telecommunications technologies. As the commenters point out, auditory  jiassistance services could benefit the blind, students with attention disorders, and persons requiring  j{simultaneous language translation. Because auditory assistance devices will operate at very low  jYpower in educational settings, homes, and public meeting places, we agree with the commenters that there is little threat of harmful interference to TV reception.  X 3 ] j16.` ` We believe that the public interest is also served by making the 216217 MHz band  X 3 j}available for radiobased health care aids.0$ !> yO"ԍjThis is consistent with the Commission's proposal to permit the operation of low power unlicensed  {O"medical telemetry devices on television channels 713 and on UHF TV channels. See Amendment of Part 15 of the Commission's Rules to Permit Operation of Biomedical Telemetry Devices on VHF TV Channels 713 and  {O"on UHF TV Channels, OET Docket No. 95177, Notice of Proposed Rule Making, 11 FCC Rcd 1063 (1996). Use of such devices would include, but not be  jlimited to, the remote monitoring of patients' vital signs in hospitals and residential health care  jZfacilities. These advanced radiobased health care tools would allow health care providers to  jclosely monitor several patients at once from a central location, rather than periodically checking  jeach patient individually. By monitoring the vital signs of patients in realtime, health care  jproviders will likely be better able to respond quickly in emergency situations. Because these  jhealth care aids will operate at very low power in hospitals and other health care facilities, we  jJagain agree with the commenters that it is unlikely that their operation will cause harmful interference to TV reception.  X3 ] j17.` ` Additionally, as ProNet points out, the use of law enforcement tracking systems  jin this band will strengthen law enforcement and reduce costs at the federal, state, and local  j{levels. Law enforcement tracking systems can deter criminals and reduce law enforcement costs  jJby expediting the recovery of stolen goods and the capture of suspects. Authorizing law  jienforcement tracking systems in the 216217MHz band will promote the delivery of stateofthe j9art radiobased law enforcement tools that have already been implemented in major cities  jYnationwide on an experimental basis. This action is consistent with the Commission's previous  Xg3 jdecision to allocate radio spectrum for stolen vehicle recovery systems1g !> yO$#"ԍjAmendment of Parts 2 and 90 of the Commission's Rules to Provide for Stolen Vehicle Recovery  {O#"Systems, GEN Docket No. 88566, Report and Order, 4 FCC Rcd 7558 (1989). and is representative of  jYthe Commission's efforts to make radio spectrum available for a variety of law enforcement and"P f 1,7)7)qq"  X3 jpublic safety needs.2\!> {Oy"ԍjSPUB SAFETYee PUB SAFETYDevelopment of Operational, Technical, and Spectrum Requirements for Meeting Federal, State and Local Public Safety Agency Communication Requirements Through the Year 2010, WT Docket No. 96-86,  {O "Notice of Proposed Rule Making, FCC 96155 (released April 10, 1996). Further, because law enforcement tracking system operations will most  jlikely be infrequent, of short duration, and presumably far from TV receivers, the potential for harmful interference to TV Channel 13 and other LPRS users will be minimized.  X3 ] j18.` ` We also will allow the upper portion of the band (216.750217.000 MHz) to be  jused for AMTS pointtopoint network control transmissions. The 216217 MHz band, originally  jallocated on a primary basis for AMTS coast stations operating at high power as part of a larger  jspectrum allocation, was later determined unassignable for this use because of the potential for  jharmful interference to TV channel 13. AMTS fixed transmitters operating at the same power  jlevel as the other low power services, however, should be compatible with TV channel 13  j&operations as well as other LPRS operations. We believe that allowing such AMTS use in this  jportion of the 216217 MHz band will promote greater efficiency in the use of AMTS Group A and B channels.  X 3 ] ;j19.` ` We conclude that low power AMTS operations, used in conjunction with the high  X 3 jpower operations already permitted under Part 80 of our rules,Q3 !> {OD"ԍjSee 47 C.F.R.  80.475.Q will not cause harmful  j{interference to TV reception. First, there is no technical data in the record to support claims of  jAMTS interference at such low power levels. Second, MSTV's contention that AMTS licensees  j{are unwilling to address interference concerns is unsubstantiated. In fact, opposing commenters  jkfailed to cite any specific instances where an existing AMTS licensee has not been diligent in  j8quickly identifying sources of interference to TV channel 13 and remedying those situations  j}caused by AMTS transmitters. Third, in response to MSTV's concern that advanced TV  j'transmissions will be susceptible to interference from low power AMTS transmissions, the  j&commenters have failed to provide any technical data showing how digital TV signals would be  jmore susceptible to adjacent band interference from low power transmissions than today's analog  X3TV signals.4~!> yO"ԍjIn an ongoing proceeding, the Commission is considering all issues related to adopting an advanced  {O"digital television system (DTV). See, Advanced TV Systems and Their Impact Upon the Existing TV Broadcast  {O"Service, Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Third Notice of Inquiry, 10 FCC Rcd 10540  {OL "(1995); Fifth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making, FCC 96207 (released May 20, 1996). DTV stations assigned channel 13 (210216 MHz) will be entitled to the same protection from harmful interference as NTSC stations.  X3 ] j20.` ` We decline at this time to authorize the operation of personal alerting systems,  jsuch as ProNet's "panic alarm" system, under the LPRS. In PR Docket No. 89599, the  jCommission stated that a personal emergency locator service was not a viable service eligible for  jallocation because: (1) a personal alerting system cannot be effective without a corresponding  jmonitoring and response system supported by a significant number of public safety groups; and  j(2) the potential for liability would effectively prevent public safety groups from participating in"  4,7)7)qq "  X3 ja personal alerting system.)5Z!> yOy"ԍjAmendment of Parts 0, 1, 2, and 95 of the Commission's Rules Regarding the Establishment of a  {OA"Personal Emergency Locator Transmitter Service, PR Docket No. 89599, Memorandum Opinion and Order, 6FCC Rcd 4813 (1991).) In this proceeding, no commenter, public safety organization, or  jeducational institution has indicated that they are willing to provide such a monitoring and  jresponse system to supplement personal alerting devices. Without support from entities who  jintend to respond to panic alarms, we are not persuaded that it serves the public interest to allot  X3 j9scarce spectrum for such use.y6Z!> yO? "ԍjAt a later date, we may revisit this issue if conditions warrant such action. Supporters of personal emergency locator transmitters or panic alarms may also wish to pursue this issue in the context of the  {O "Commission's public safety proceeding. See supra note PUB SAFETY50.y Additionally, none of the commenters propose technical  X3 jspecifications (e.g., number of channels necessary, transmitter duty cycle) that would serve to  j8minimize the potential for harmful interference to TV reception and other LPRS operations.  jjSpecific technical limitations would be necessary in this case because personal alerting systems,  jsuch as ProNet's "panic alarm" system, could involve a large number of transmitters operating  jZsimultaneously in a small geographic area. Finally, the request of MPC to allocate spectrum  jYabove 400 MHz for the operation of advanced auditory assistance devices and that of RTT not  jto preclude future IVDS operations in the 216217 MHz band are beyond the scope of this proceeding and will not be considered.  X 3j B.` ` Band Licensing  X3 ]  j21.` ` Proposal. In the Notice, we proposed to authorize stations in the LPRS regionally,  X}3 jbased on Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and Rural Service Areas (RSAs).7} !> {O:"ԍj47 C.F.R.  22.909; FCC Public Notice, Report No. 9240 (Jan. 24, 1992); Notice, 10 FCC Rcd at 5429. We also  j%proposed that applicants file a FCC Form 600 application to obtain a station license in the LPRS.  jWe did not propose to limit the total number of licensees permitted in a single MSA or RSA, nor  jdid we propose to limit the total number of authorizations a single entity could obtain. Further,  jfor AMTS stations, we proposed to authorize pointtopoint operations on a casebycase basis,  X 3with applicants submitting a FCC Form 503 application.X8 !> {OY"ԍjNotice, 10 FCC Rcd at 5429.X  X3 ] j22.` ` Comments. In lieu of the proposed regional licensing scheme, a number of the  j~commenters support sitespecific licensing in the LPRS in order to facilitate frequency  X3 jcoordination and reuse.90 !> yO#"ԍjSHHH Comments at 45; ASHA Comments at 4; Phonic Ear Comments at 4; WSC Reply Comments at 12. Self Help for Hard of Hearing People, Inc. (SHHH), a national  jconsumer organization, and Phonic Ear, on the other hand, argue that operation of very low  X3 jpower portable transmitters (i.e., 10 mW or less) should not require an individual license, but that  Xm3 jIhigher power systems (i.e., greater than 10 mW) which have greater range should be licensed"m 9,7)7)qq8"  X3 j'individually.`:!> yOy"ԍjSHHH Comments at 45; Phonic Ear Comments at 4.` ASHA agrees, noting that licensing requirements for individuals, schools, or  jbusinesses that employ people with hearing loss would create undue administrative and financial  jburdens on these entities, thus delaying and possibly deterring the use of these wireless services  X3 jlin educational and business environments.D;X!> yO"ԍjASHA Comments at 4.D In this connection, Phonic Ear notes that the  jCommission previously has authorized personal transmitters without individual station licenses  X3 junder Part 95 of our rules in the Citizens Band Radio Service.J<!> yO& "ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 6.J SHHH notes that licensing  Xv3 jhigher power transmitters (i.e., greater than 10 mW) at specific locations, instead of by region,  j]will facilitate cooperation among licensees in selection of channels to avoid harmful  XJ3 jinterference.D=Jx!> yOs"ԍjSHHH Comments at 5.D Phonic Ear agrees and argues that a benefit of sitespecific licensing is the creation  X33 jof a regulatory database that can be used to coordinate frequency usage at a local level.L>3!> yO"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 56.L  j[However, Phonic Ear also states that individuals should be able to travel freely with their  X 3 jGsystems.L? !> yON"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 56.L In contrast, ProNet notes that a MSA/RSA licensing scheme would be appropriate for  X 3law enforcement tracking systems.G@ ( !> yO"ԍjProNet Comments at 10.G  X 3 ] j23.` ` DecisionRFA LICENSE. We find that the administrative and economic burdens associated with  jindividually licensing stations in the LPRS greatly outweigh any derived benefits to the public  jYand the Commission. The commenters' support for individual licensing is based on the premise  jthat a licensing database would promote frequency reuse and reduce interference among LPRS  jusers. Because the transmitters in question operate at very low power, however, such a database  XO3 j&would have to specify the exact location (i.e., latitude and longitude) of each LPRS transmitter.  j8Further, this database would have to be updated each time a transmitter is moved across the  jIcountry, across a state, or even across town. In order for the Commission to administer and  jmaintain such a licensing database, LPRS licensees would be required to file with the  jCommission, and remit an application fee covering administrative costs, each time a LPRS  X3 jtransmitter is moved. Similarly, the regional licensing scheme proposed in the Notice does not  j&meet the needs of potential LPRS users. Although regional or even nationwide licensing would  j8be much less burdensome than individual licensing, any method that does not keep a current  j7record of the exact locations of such shortrange devices would not promote frequency reuse or help to reduce interference among LPRS users.  XV3 ] j24.` ` Based on the discussion above, and pursuant to Section 307(e) of the  jHCommunications Act, we find that the public interest is best served by licensing LPRS stations"? @,7)7)qqX"  X3 jZby rule under the Citizens Band Radio Service (CB) in Part 95 of our rules.NA!> yOy"ԍj47 U.S.C.  307(e) (1995).N Stations in the  j7LPRS qualify as CB because of the following factors: (1) they serve a broad potential universe  jKof users, and (2) the creation of a vast user database would not be useful for spectrum  jmanagement or enforcement purposes. To control potential harmful interference, spectrum  X3 jmanagement will be accomplished through transmitter technical standards.BX!> yO"ԍjThe Commission has reached similar conclusions concerning stations in the maritime, aviation, and  {Ou"personal radio services. See Amendment of Parts 80 and 87 of the Commission's Rules to Permit Operation of  {O? "Certain Domestic Ship and Aircraft Radio Stations Without Individual Licenses, WT Docket No. 9682, Notice  {O "of Proposed Rule Making, FCC 96145 (released April 12, 1996); AmFAMILY RADIOFAMILY RADIOendment of Part 95 of the Commission's  yO "Rules to Establish a Very Short Distance Twoway Radio Service, WT Docket No. 95102, Report and Order, FCC 96215 (released May 14, 1996). Therefore, LPRS  jusers may operate nationwide without having to obtain an individual station license or pay  jlicensing fees. Further, to promote spectrum reuse and reduce the likelihood of harmful  jinterference, we encourage manufacturers to design LPRS equipment that includes power and frequency controls.  X 3j C.` ` Channelization, Power Limits, and Equipment Authorization  X 3 ] j25.` ` Proposal. In the Notice, we proposed to subdivide the 216217 MHz band into  j40 channels with 25 kHz channel spacing. We designated the lower 30 channels closest to TV  jjchannel 13 (216.000216.750 MHz) for the LPRS and the upper 10 channels (216.750217.000  jMHz) for AMTS pointtopoint network control communications. Further, we proposed that two  j}of the channels allotted to the LPRS (216.4625 MHz and 216.4875 MHz) would be used  j&exclusively by law enforcement tracking systems. The lower 20 channels were proposed to be  jXlimited to 100 mW output power, while the upper 20 channels were proposed to be limited to one  j8watt output power. We requested comments concerning the proposed channel plan and the  X63possible effects of LPRS and AMTS operations on TV Channel 13 reception.XC6!> {O"ԍjNotice, 10 FCC Rcd at 5429.X  X3 ] *j26.` ` Comments. A majority of the commenters support the proposed channel plan for  jthe 216217 MHz band of 40 twentyfive kilohertz wide channels. Phonic Ear and ProNet agree  j|that designating specific channels is essential in order for manufacturers to predict sources of  X3 jadjacent channel interference.dDh !> yO!"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 9; ProNet Comments at 1112.d In addition to supporting the proposed channel plan, some  jXcommenters advocate assigning specific frequencies for use by each type of application authorized  jwithin the LPRS. For example, Phonic Ear and SHHH ask the Commission to designate specific  X3 jIfrequencies for exclusive use by auditory assistance devices.^E !> yO)&"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 4; SHHH Comments at 4.^ Similarly, SEA, Inc. (SEA), a  j|manufacturer of narrowband land mobile radio equipment, urges the Commission to set aside  jspecific frequencies for law enforcement tracking, health care aids, and AMTS operations so that"R E,7)7)qq7"  X3users in each service can control sources of interference on at least a portion of the channels.CF!> yOy"ԍjSEA Comments at 8.C  X3 ] j27.` ` The commenters also express a need for wider channels for certain LPRS  jjapplications. For example, Phonic Ear, SHHH, and WSC support allowing fifty kilohertzwide  X3 jchannels, overlaid upon the proposed 25 kHz channels.wGX!> yO"ԍjPhonic Ear Reply Comments at 3; SHHH Comments at 6; WSC Comments at 2.w Commenters note that certain LPRS  japplications will require increased bandwidth to provide high fidelity audio or to expedite the  Xv3 j{tracking of stolen goods.:Hv!> {O "ԍjId.: Phonic Ear also notes that channels should be combined in a uniform  jfashion, using predetermined center frequencies, in order to incorporate interference safeguards  XH3 jinto equipment designs.RIHz!> yOs"ԍjPhonic Ear Reply Comments at 45.R For similar reasons, ProNet argues that the designated law enforcement  jtracking system frequencies should be located within the band such that the same, or lower,  X 3power equipment operates on adjacent channels.JJ !> yO"ԍjProNet Comments at 1415.J  X 3 ] j28.` ` Orion and WATERCOM ask the Commission to permit nonchannelized, wideband  j6AMTS emissions in the upper portion of the 216217 MHz band, in lieu of the proposed channel  X 3 jscheme._K !> yO "ԍjOrion Comments at 34; WATERCOM Comments at 2._ WATERCOM also requests that AMTS stations be permitted to use either analog or  X 3 jdigital emissions in this band.HL * !> yO"ԍjWATERCOM Comments at 2.H Orion and WATERCOM contend that permitting wideband  jAMTS data transmissions will increase information throughput, decrease equipment cost, and promote competition among marine service providers.  XK3 ] j29.` ` SEA asks the Commission to subdivide the 216217 MHz band exclusively into  j{200 narrowband (5 kHz) channels in order to increase the number of available channels, broaden  X3 j7the user base, and increase access to low power technologies nationwide.CM !> yO "ԍjSEA Comments at 4.C ProNet opposes an  jexclusive narrowband channel plan in this band stating that "conversion of all spectrum to  jextremely narrowband operation is neither desirable nor beneficial." Additionally, ProNet notes  jIthat a minimum bandwidth of 25 kilohertz is necessary to design a law enforcement tracking  X3transmitter that is economical, concealable, and reliable.LNJ !> yO%"ԍjProNet Reply Comments at 7.L  X3 ] j30.` ` The commenters generally support the proposed power limits and suggest further"N,7)7)qq~"  jrestrictions to increase spectrum efficiency within the band. For example, Phonic Ear and SHHH  jadvocate reducing the power limit on a portion of the channels to 10 mW output power in order  X3 jYto facilitate frequency reuse in educational settings with numerous small classrooms.`O!> yOK"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 6; SHHH Comments at 89.` Further,  X3 jYSHHH suggests creating three channel groupings (e.g., less than 10 mW, less than 100 mW, and  X3 jless than 1 watt) to accommodate varying types of uses.FPX!> yO"ԍjSHHH Comments at 89.F WSC supports LPRS sharing of AMTS  jfrequencies in the upper portion of the 216217 MHz band provided transmissions are limited to  jless than 100 mW output power. WSC adds that such sharing would not cause harmful  Xa3 jinterference to AMTS reception.IQa!> yO "ԍjWSC Reply Comments at 3.I MSTV strongly supports limiting LPRS operations to 100 mW  jERP, stating that such low power operations would not cause harmful interference to TV channel  X3313.JR3x!> yO\"ԍjMSTV Reply Comments at 3.J  X 3 ] j31.` ` Commenters also suggest changes to the proposed rules concerning frequency  jtolerance, equipment authorization, and AMTS transmitter sites. Phonic Ear asks that the  j&Commission require type acceptance of LPRS transmitters of more than 10 mW output power  jand simply require certification of lower power transmitters. Phonic Ear notes that transmitters  jof less than 10 mW output power pose minimal risk of harmful interference and that the  j9certification process would reduce administrative burdens on both manufacturers and the  X{3 j'government.KS{!> yO4"ԍjPhonic Ear Comments at 11.K The American Academy of Audiology (Academy), representing audiologists  jknationwide, and Phonic Ear argue that crystalcontrolled oscillators should not be required in  XM3 jGauditory assistance devices.bTM!> yO"ԍjAcademy Comments at 2; Phonic Ear Comments at 11.b The commenters point out that manufacturers may wish to employ  jother established technologies to ensure frequency stability. Multimedia asks that AMTS  jtransmitters in the upper portion of the 216217 MHz band not be located near television master  jantenna systems. Multimedia notes that a high gain television master antenna receive system  jkwould amplify nearby AMTS transmissions and cause harmful interference to all televisions  X3connected to the system.JU( !> yO!"ԍjMultimedia Comments at 3.J  X3 ] Lj32.` ` DecisionRFA CHANNELIZATION. In order to speed availability of LPRS devices and promote efficient use  X3 jof the 216217 MHz band, we will channelize the band. Because we are authorizing LPRS  jtransmitters by rule, we believe, and the commenters agree, that a channel plan is necessary to  jipermit unsophisticated users of the band to combat interference by simply switching to a different  j&frequency. Further, by specifying minimum technical requirements such as channel bandwidth  jIand operating frequencies, we are providing manufacturers with a standard for compatibility"; U,7)7)qqX"  jHamong low power devices permitting them to quickly design and produce equipment. In this  jXmanner, we can provide immediate benefits to persons with disabilities and persons with illnesses, as well as law enforcement agencies nationwide.  X3 ] j 33.` ` In order to promote flexible use of the 216217 MHz band, we are adopting a  jZchanneling plan which accommodates a variety of channel bandwidths and technologies. We  j&believe that this flexible channel plan will allow consumers to choose equipment that best suits  jtheir needs. We will divide the 216217 MHz band into 40 twentyfive kilohertz (standard band)  jchannels. Additionally, to provide flexibility in LPRS operations as suggested by a number of  jthe commenters, we will specify 20 fifty kilohertz (extra band) channels. These extra band  j'channels will overlap the standard band channels and give users the flexibility to obtain high  jfidelity audio or, in the case of law enforcement tracking systems, expedite the tracking of stolen  jgoods. Further, as suggested by SEA, we will facilitate the development and use of spectrally  j8efficient narrowband technologies by dividing the band into 200 five kilohertz channels. By  jproviding additional channel choices, these narrowband channels could benefit users in congested  jenvironments such as schools and hospitals with numerous small rooms. Of the 40 channels (20  jZextra band channels, 200 narrowband channels), 38 (19 extra band channels, 190 narrowband  jchannels) will be available for auditory assistance, health care, and law enforcement use. The  Xb3 jremaining two standard band channelslVb!> {O"ԍjSee infra para. ENF CHANNELS34.l will be authorized exclusively for law enforcement  jitracking. Finally, we will allow AMTS licensees to use the 216.750217.000 MHz band (standard  jband channels 3140) for pointtopoint network control communications. AMTS licensees may  juse this entire band segment as a single 250 kHz channel (wideband) so long as emissions outside  j7the band are reduced as specified in 47 C.F.R.  95.635. Wideband operations will give AMTS  jllicensees additional flexibility and should not increase the potential for interference to TV  jjreception under these circumstances because such operations will be conducted by Commission licensees between fixed points at low power using directional antennas.  X3 ] pj!34.` ` We decline to designate exclusive frequencies for auditory assistance devices,  jhealth care aids, or AMTS for two reasons. First, there are only 40 standard band channels  jZavailable and the potential for a large number of users. Second, we believe these services can  jkcoexist in the same band with minimal potential for harmful interference because of their low  jpower and the channelization flexibility we are providing, as well as the fact that each LPRS use  jktakes place either in distinct areas or at specific fixed sites. For example, auditory assistance  jdevices will likely be used in schools and other gathering places, health care aids will likely be  jYused in hospitals and health care facilities, and AMTS transmitters will only operate at specific  j|fixed locations near coast stations. Thus, if harmful interference occurs, the source will most  jlikely be a nearby transmitter of the same type, rather than another type of LPRS transmitter.  jIn this case, exclusive channel assignments would only reduce channel options and flexibility for  j[each category of user. We will, however, designate two LPRS standard band frequencies,  jENF CHANNELS216.4625 MHz and 216.4875 MHz (including extra band operations on 216.475 MHz and  jnarrowband operations on 216.4525216.4975 MHz) to be used exclusively for law enforcement  jtracking. We believe exclusivity is needed here because of the itinerant nature of law"Q%ZV,7)7)qq("  jenforcement tracking systems and the need for law enforcement entities to track extremely  jkvaluable goods or undercover agents without the threat of interference from other low power services.  X3 ] ;j"35.` ` As discussed above, low power is one of the key elements of band licensing where  j8there are shared operations and the potential for a large number of users. Therefore, we will  jrestrict transmitter power for all LPRS transmissions in the band to  POWER 100 mW ERP. All  jcommenters, including MSTV, agree that transmissions of  POWER 100 mW ERP or less in the band  jwould pose little threat of harmful interference to TV channel 13 reception. Further, none of the  X13 jYcommenters express a specific need for using the 1 watt power level proposed in the Notice. In  jfact, Phonic Ear notes that lower power levels are desirable in order to combat potential  jinterference to TV channel 13 and maximize frequency reuse among LPRS users. Thus, we are  jestablishing a level of 100 mW ERP as the maximum power for LPRS transmissions and giving  jmanufacturers the freedom and flexibility to design products with adjustable power controls  jallowing users to decrease transmitting range in situations where greater frequency reuse is  X 3 jZdesirable, such as in schools and hospitals. If harmful interference to TV channel 13W !> yO""ԍjIn this context, the term "TV channel 13" refers to transmissions from TV broadcast stations, low power TV stations, and TV translator stations authorized to use the 210216 MHz band. or the  jHSPASUR radar system does occur, however, LPRS transmissions must immediately cease until the problem is corrected.  XM3 ] _j#36.` ` Our approach to establishing the LPRS has been to minimize regulations and  jregulatory burdens on users and instead use technical standards and the Commission's equipment  jkauthorization program to minimize the potential for interference. Therefore, we will specify  jequipment authorization procedures, frequency tolerance, and emission limitations. In regard to  jYequipment authorization procedures, we will require LPRS transmitters to be type accepted by  X3 jIthe Commission as proposed. Contrary to our proposal in the Notice, however, we will not  jXrequire crystal controlled oscillatorsRFA FREQ STAB to be used in LPRS transmitters to ensure frequency stability.  jAs Academy and Phonic Ear point, out other technologies exist that can provide equivalent, if  jnot better, control of a unit's operating frequency. For the standard and extra band channels, we  j[are adopting the frequency tolerance and emission limitations as proposed. Although the  jcommenters in this proceeding did not address the specific technical criteria for narrowband  jzoperations in the LPRS, we note that narrowband transmitters are already authorized in the nearby  X;3 jj220222 MHz band for land mobile use under Part 90 of our rules.`X; !> {O !"ԍjSee 47 C.F.R. Part 90 Subpart T.hh` As a result, we will apply  jthe same frequency tolerance and emission limitations to narrowband LPRS transmitters as are  jHcurrently used to govern narrowband operations in the 220222 MHz private land mobile radio  X3 jband.cY!> {OY%"ԍjSee 47 C.F.R.  90.210(f) and 90.213.c We believe that these rules will facilitate the shared use of the 216217 MHz band by LPRS users.  X!3} IV. CONCLUSION "!DY,7)7)qq%"ԑ,G  X3 ] j$37.` ` For the reasons set forth above, we are amending Parts 80 and 95 of the  jjCommission's rules to authorize the shared use of the 216217 MHz band on a secondary, non jinterference basis to government operations for a new LPRS to include auditory assistance  jdevices, health care devices, law enforcement tracking systems, and AMTS pointtopoint network  j|control communications. This action is in the public interest because it increases educational  jopportunities and access to telecommunications devices for persons with disabilities and persons  jwith illnesses, strengthens the ability of the law enforcement community to combat crime, and maximizes efficiency in the use of AMTS coast station frequencies.  X 3z V. PROCEDURAL MATTERS Đ,G  X 3 ] j%38.` ` Regulatory Flexibility Analysis. The analysis pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 5 U.S.C. Section 608, is contained in Appendix B.  X3 ] j&39.` ` Ordering Clauses. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that Parts 80 and 95 of the  j{Commission's Rules ARE AMENDED as set forth in Appendix C. Authority for this action is  jcontained in Sections 4(i), 302, 303(r), and 307(e) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C.  154(i), 302, 303(r), and 307(e).  X!3 ] j'40.` ` IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that these amendments are effective [30 days after publication in the Federal Register].  X3j(41.` ` IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this proceeding is terminated.  X3 ] j)42.` ` For further information, contact Roger Noel or Ira Keltz of the Wireless  jTelecommunications Bureau, Private Wireless Division, at (202) 4180680 or via EMail to "mayday@fcc.gov". j` `  hhFEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION j` `  hhWilliam F. Caton j` `  hhActing Secretary ""Y,7)7)qq%"  X3 APPENDIX A  X3 Commenters  X31) American Academy of Audiology  X3  Xv32) American SpeechLanguageHearing Association (ASHA) 3) Clarke School for the Deaf/Center for Oral Education 4) Dallas Police Department, Dallas, Texas 5) First Interstate Bank, Phoenix, Arizona 6) Guaranty Federal Bank, Dallas, Texas 7) The Honorable Phil Gramm, United States Senator 8) Highland Park Department of Public Safety, Highland Park, Texas 9) The Honorable Kay Bailey Hutchison, United States Senator 10) Irvine Police Department 11) Key Bank of Washington, Tacoma, Washington 12) Little Rock Police Department, Little Rock, Arkansas  X|313) Mahon & Patusky, Chartered (MPC) 14) Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc. (MSTV) 15) Minnesota State Academy for the Deaf 16) Multimedia WMAZ, Inc. (Multimedia) 17) Fred Daniel d/b/a Orion Telecom (Orion) 18) Phoenix Police Department, Phoenix, Arizona 19) Phonic Ear, Inc. (Phonic) 20) Portland Police Bureau, Portland, Oregon 21) ProNet, Inc. (ProNet)" (Y,7)7)qq+"Ԍ22) Radio Telecom and Technology, Inc. (RTT) 23) Reno Police Department, Reno, Nevada 24) San Antonio Police Department, San Antonio, Texas 25) Santa Ana Resident Agency of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Santa Ana, California 26) SEA, Inc. (SEA) 27) Self Help for Hard of Hearing People, Inc. (SHHH) 28) Tacoma Police Department, Tacoma, Washington 29) Michael C. Trahos, D.O. (Trahos) 30) Washington County, Oregon Sheriff's Department 31) Waterway Communications System, Inc. (Watercom) 32) Wells Fargo Bank, San Francisco, California 33) Williams Sound Corporation (WSC)  X3Reply Comments 1) CTA Commercial Systems, Inc. (CTA) 2) Mahon & Patusky, Chartered (MPC) 3) Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc. (MSTV) 4) Phonic Ear, Inc. (Phonic) 5) Michael C. Trahos, D.O. (Trahos) 6) WVEC Television, Inc. (WVEC) "#Y,7)7)qq&"  X3 APPENDIX B Đ,G  X3  FINAL REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS Đ,G jAs required by Section 603 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C.  603 (RFA),  Xv3an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) was incorporated in the Notice of Proposed  Xa3Rule Making in this proceeding (Notice). The Commission sought written public comments  XL3on the proposals in the Notice, including on the IRFA. The Commission's Final Regulatory  X73Flexibility Analysis (FRFA) in this Report and Order conforms to the RFA, as amended by the Contract With America Advancement Act of 1996 (CWAAA), Pub. L. No. 104121, 110  X 3Stat. 847 (1996).Z !> yO "ԍ Subtitle II of the CWAAA is "The Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996"  {OL "(SBREFA), codified at 5 U.S.C.  601 et seq.   X 3 I.jNeed For and Purpose of this Action: jOur objective is to permit the shared use of the 216217 MHz band on a secondary basis by a new Low Power Radio Service (LPRS) consisting of auditory assistance devices, health care aids, law enforcement tracking systems and AMTS pointtopoint network control communications. This action will: (1) promote the utilization of presently unused spectrum; (2) speed development and delivery of advanced telecommunications devices for persons with disabilities and illnesses; (3) promote the development of tools for use by federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies in retrieving stolen goods and deterring crime; and (4) increase system efficiency in the AMTS. jIn creating a new LPRS, we find that the potential benefits to persons with disabilities and illnesses, the law enforcement community, and vessel operators exceed any negative effects that may result from the promulgation of rules for this purpose. Thus, we conclude that the public interest is served by creating a new LPRS in the 216217 MHz band.  Xm3 II.jSummary of Issues Raised by the Public Comments in Response to the Initial  XV3jRegulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA): jNo comments were filed in direct response to the IRFA. In general comments on the  X3Notice, however, some small business commenters raised issues that might affect small entities. In particular, some small business commenters argued that requiring very low power LPRS devices to be licensed by the Commission would be overly burdensome on small entities and individuals and could deter them from using LPRS systems. Small business commenters also noted that the Commission should channelize the 216217 MHz band in order to promote the conversion of existing equipment (operating in 7276 MHz band) to the higher band and the rapid deployment of auditory assistance systems. Further, small business commenters asked the Commission to eliminate the requirement for LPRS transmitters to"r$"Z,7)7)qq'" employ crystal oscillators to control frequency stability. These small business commenters noted that there may be other technologies that may be economically and technically viable, while providing adequate frequency control. The Commission carefully considered each of  X3these comments in reaching the decisions set forth in this Notice.  X3 III.jChanges Made to the Proposed Rules:  Xa3jIn the Notice, the Commission proposed to generally license LPRS stations regionally based on Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and Rural Service Areas (RSAs), with the AMTS stations licensed under the Maritime Service Rules in Part 80 and two of the law enforcement tracking channels under the Police Radio Service in Part 90. The Commission also proposed to require the public to apply for these licenses using FCC Form 600 or FCC Form 503 (AMTS only). However, the Commission here determines that the public interest is served by licensing all LPRS stations by rule, rather than individually. The Commission proposed to divide the 216217 MHz band into 40, twentyfive kilohertz channels. In order to promote technical flexibility and allow consumers to choose among a broader range of low power equipment, the Commission decided to instead divide the band into 40, twentyfive kilohertz channels (standard band), 20, fifty kilohertz channels (extra band), 200, five kilohertz channels (narrowband), and permit AMTS operations in the highest two hundred fifty kilohertz block of the band. The Commission proposed to permit 100 milliwatt and 1 watt transmissions in the lower and upper portions of the 216217 MHz band, respectively. Based on the comments, however, the Commission decides to instead limit LPRS transmitter power to 100 milliwatts. The Commission also deviates from the proposed rules to expand the scope of the LPRS to include auditory assistance services for all persons in educational settings and persons that require language translation in any setting. The Commission decides not to specify the means by which manufacturers may provide for frequency stability in LPRS transmitters. Finally, the Commission determines that it is unnecessary for AMTS licensees to notify channel 13 TV stations of proposed LPRS pointtopoint operations other than those stations that were not originally notified at licensing.  XR3 IV.jDescription and Estimate of the Small Entities Subject to the Rules:  X$3jThe rules adopted in this Report and Order will apply to small businesses that choose to use, manufacturer, design, import, or sell auditory assistance devices, radiobased health care aids, law enforcement tracking systems, or AMTS pointtopoint transmitters. There is no requirement, however, for any entity to use or produce these types of products.  W!3 jA.` ` Estimates for LPRS Manufacturers/Importers Đ jThe Commission has not developed a definition of small entities specifically applicable to LPRS manufacturers and importers. Therefore, the applicable definition of small entity is the definition under the Small Business Administration rules applicable to radio and television broadcasting and communications equipment manufacturers. This definition provides that a  X)'3small entity is any entity employing less than 750 persons. See 13 C.F.R.  121.201, Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 3663. Additionally, the Small Business"(Z,7)7)qq+" Administration rules state that wholesale electronic parts and equipment firms must have 100  X3or fewer employees in order to qualify as a small business entity. See 13 C.F.R.  121.201. Since the Regulatory Flexibility Act amendments were not in effect until the record in this proceeding was closed, the Commission was unable to request information regarding the number of small entities that may choose to manufacture LPRS equipment and is unable at this time to make a meaningful estimate of the number of potential manufacturers which are small businesses. jThe 1992 Census of Manufacturers, conducted by the Bureau of Census, which is the most comprehensive and recent information available, shows that approximately 925 out of the 948 entities manufacturing radio and television transmitting equipment in 1992 employed less than 750 persons. We are unable to discern from the Census data precisely how many of these manufacturers produce devices similar to those that will be used under the new LPRS. Further, any entity may choose to manufacture LPRS equipment. Further, 12,161 of the 12,654 wholesale electronic parts and equipment firms have fewer than 100 employees, and would be classified as small entities. Therefore, for purposes of our evaluations and conclusions in this Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis, we estimate that there are at least 13,086 potential manufacturers or importers of LPRS equipment which are small businesses, as that term is defined by the Small Business Administration.  W63 jB.` ` Estimates for AMTS Licensees Đ jThe Commission has not developed a definition of small entities specifically applicable to AMTS licensees. Therefore, the applicable definition of small entity is the definition under the Small Business Administration rules applicable to radiotelephone service providers. This  X3definition provides that a small entity is any entity employing less than 1,500 persons. See 13 C.F.R.  121.201, Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 4812. Since the Regulatory Flexibility Act amendments were not in effect until the record in this proceeding was closed, the Commission was unable to request information regarding the number of small AMTS businesses and is unable at this time to determine the precise number of AMTS firms which are small businesses. jThe size data provided by the Small Business Administration does not enable us to make a meaningful estimate of the number of AMTS firms which are small businesses. Therefore, we used the 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, conducted by the Bureau of the Census, which is the most recent information available. This document shows that only 12 radiotelephone firms out of a total of 1,178 such firms which operated during 1992 had 1,000 or more employees. There are three AMTS licensees which are authorized on an exclusive basis along the Mississippi River, portions of the West Coast, and nearly the entire East Coast. Because most of the nation's coastline has or will be covered by the present licensees, it is unlikely that a large number of additional licenses will be authorized in the future. Therefore, for purposes of our evaluations and conclusions in this Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis, we estimate that there are three AMTS licensees which are small businesses, as that term is defined by the Small Business Administration. "(Z,7)7)qq+"Ԍ X3 V.jSummary of Projected Reporting, Recordkeeping and Other Compliance  X3jRequirements: jIn order to facilitate operation of LPRS devices without individual licenses, we are imposing four separate regulatory burdens that may affect small businesses.  Xv3j(1)` ` Prior to marketing an LPRS device in the U.S., a manufacturer must have the unit type accepted by the Commission under the technical criteria set forth in the final rules. The criteria include channel specifications and emission limitations that will facilitate the shared use of the 216217 MHz band by a diverse group of users. All classes of small businesses could potentially be affected by this requirement. In order to have a unit type accepted, a small entity would have to test the radio equipment and provide clerical support to file the requisite FCC application forms. Both of these functions could be handled by a third party.(#`  X3j(2)` ` Each LPRS transmitter ;?s  sold must have included with it the following statement: "This transmitter is authorized by rule under the Low Power Radio Service (47 C.F.R. Part 95) and must not cause harmful interference to TV reception or United States Navy SPASUR installations. You do not need an FCC license to operate this transmitter. This transmitter may only be used to provide: auditory assistance to persons with disabilities, persons who require language translation, or persons in educational settings; health care services to the ill; ;?   ;? law enforcement tracking services under agreement with a law enforcement agency; or automated maritime telecommunications system (AMTS)  ;?% network control  ;?% communications Twoway voice communications and all other types of uses are expressly prohibited." All classes of small businesses could potentially be affected. Because the Commission is providing specific language to be included with each device, a small business would need clerical support to add this language to the instruction manual for the device.(#`  X73j(3)` ` Unless the transmitter is so small as to make this requirement impractical, each LPRS transmitter sold must bear the following statement in a conspicuous location on the device: "This device may not interfere with TV reception or federal government radar, and must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation." The Commission does not specifiy whether this statement must be inscribed into the unit or attached via a label or sticker.(#`  X#3j(4)` ` AMTS licensees must notify, in writing, each television station that may be affected by these new low power operations. There is no need, however, for AMTS licensees to renotify television stations that were previously alerted concerning AMTS operations in their areas.(#`  X#'3  X (3 VI.jSteps Taken to Minimize the Significant Economic Impact on Small Entities: " (Z,7)7)qq+"ԌjThe Commission in this proceeding has considered comments on ways to implement a new LPRS. In doing so, the Commission has adopted alternatives which minimize burdens placed on small entities. First, it has decided not to require LPRS transmitters to be  X3individually licensed, as proposed in the Notice in this proceeding. This approach eliminates the need for small entities and individuals to apply for a license and remit processing fees.  X3See paragraph RFA LICENSE23 supra. Second, as the small business commenters point out, dividing the 216217 MHz band into forty, twentyfive kilohertz channels will allow existing equipment  Xc3designs (e.g., 7276 MHz band equipment) to be converted to permit operation in the higher band. This approach promotes the rapid delivery of LPRS devices to the public with a  X73minimum negative impact on manufacturers who are small businesses. See paragraph RFA CHANNELIZATION32  X" 3supra. Third, it has decided not to require LPRS transmitter stability to be controlled by crystal oscillators. This approach permits manufacturers to use other technologies that may be cheaper to implement and can provide equivalent, if not better, control of a unit's operating  X 3frequency. See paragraph RFA FREQ STAB36 supra. Fourth, it has decided not to require AMTS licensees to renotify broadcast licensees prior to commencing pointtopoint operations under the LPRS. Renotification is unnecessary because AMTS applicants already notify affected broadcast licensees prior to licensing. Further, it is unlikely that AMTS pointtopoint operations will affect broadcast licensees that have not already been notified. This action eliminates unnecessary economic and administrative burdens for AMTS providers that are also small businesses. Fifth, the Commission has taken steps to minimize the economic burdens associated with the labeling requirement found in  95.1017. The Commission minimized the number of words to be included in the label (half the number of words required for similar devices under Part 15 of our rules) and did not require the words to be engraved or molded into the transmitter unit. This action reduces burdens and increases flexibility for manufacturers that are also small entities.  X3 VII.jSignificant Alternatives Considered and Rejected: jThe Commission considered and rejected several significant alternatives. The Commission rejected the alternative of requiring LPRS transmitters to be licensed individually because it determined that such a procedure would not further spectrum management or  XC3enforcement goals and would place administrative and economic burdens on the public. See  X.3paragraph 23, supra. The Commission also rejected the alternative of permitting onewatt transmissions in the 216217 MHz band because of the potential for harmful interference to  X3TV reception. See paragraph 35, supra. Finally, the Commission rejected the alternative of requiring the use of crystal oscillators because there are other technologies that can control  X 3frequency stability that may be cheaper and just as efficient to implement. See paragraph 36,  X!3supra. By rejecting these alternatives, the Commission seeks to provide flexibility in the licensing and design of these low power transmitters while eliminating unnecessary regulatory burdens for small entities.  Xg%3 VIII.jReport to Congress: jThe Commission shall send a copy of this Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis, along  X"(3with this Report and Order, in a report to Congress pursuant to the Small Business Regulatory""(Z,7)7)qq+" Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, 5 U.S.C.  801(a)(1)(A). A copy of this FRFA will also  X3be published in the Federal Register., ă"Z,7)7)qq"  X3 Figure 1  Figure 1  APPENDIX C  X3 jChapter I of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 80 and 95 are amended as follows:  X3  X3 1 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)* 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) a)j` ` Part 80 Stations in the Maritime Services j j1. The authority citation for Part 80 continues to read as follows:  X13 jAUTHORITY: Secs. 4, 303, 48 Stat. 1066, 1082, as amended; 47 U.S.C. 154, 303, unless otherwise noted. Interpret or apply 48 Stat. 10641068, 10811105, as amended;  X 347 U.S.C. 151155, 301609; 3 UST 3450, 3 UST 4726, 12 UST 2377. j2. Section 80.385 is amended by revising footnote 2 to the table in paragraph (a)(2) to read as follows:  Xy3j  80.385 Frequencies for automated systems.  XK3 j* * * * * j(a) * * *  X3j2 Coast station operation on frequencies in Groups C and D are not currently assignable and are shared on a secondary basis with the Low Power Radio Service in Part 95 of this chapter. Frequencies in the band 216.750217.000 MHz band are available for low power pointtopoint network control communications by AMTS coast stations under the Low Power Radio Service (LPRS). LPRS operations are subject to the conditions that no harmful interference is caused to the United States Navy's SPASUR radar system (216.88217.08 MHz) or to TV reception within the Grade B contour of any TV channel 13 station or within the 68 dBu predicted contour of any low power TV or TV translator station operating on channel 13.  X 3 * * * * * 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) a) 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) a)"Z,7)7)qq!"  X3 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) a) 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) a) jPart 95 Personal Radio Services j  X3j1.` ` The authority citation for Part 95 continues to read as follows:  X3j Authority: Secs. 4, 303, 48 Stat. 1066, 1082, as amended; 47 U.S.C. 154, 303.  X3 j2. Section 95.401 is amended by adding a new paragraph (c) to read as follows:  X13 j 95.401 (CB Rule 1) What are the Citizens Band Radio Services? , l* * * * *,G j(c) The Low Power Radio Service (LPRS) a private, shortdistance communication service providing auditory assistance to persons with disabilities, persons who require language translation, and persons in educational settings, health care assistance to the ill, law enforcement tracking services in cooperation with law enforcement, and pointtopoint network control communications for Automated Marine Telecommunications System (AMTS) coast stations licensed under Part 80 of this chapter. The rules for this service are listed under subpart G of this part. Twoway voice communications are prohibited. j3. Section 95.601 is revised to read as follows:  X3 j 95.601 Basis and purpose.  X3jThese rules provide the technical standards to which each transmitter (apparatus that converts electrical energy received from a source into RF (radio frequency) energy capable of being radiated) used or intended to be used in a station authorized in any of the Personal Radio Services must comply. They also provide requirements for obtaining type acceptance or type certification for such transmitters. The Personal Radio Services are the GMRS (General Mobile Radio Service), the Family Radio Service (FRS), the R/C (Radio Control Radio Service), the CB (Citizens Band Radio Service), and the Low Power Radio Service (LPRS). For operating rules, see Part 95, subpart AGMRS; subpart BFRS; subpart CR/C; subpart DCB; and subpart GLPRS. j4. Section 95.603 is amended by adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:  X"3 j 95.603 Type acceptance or certification required. l* * * * *,G  X<&3j(e) Each Low Power Radio Service transmitter (a transmitter that operates or is intended to operate in the LPRS) must be type accepted. "(Z,7)7)qq+"Ԍj5. Section 95.605 is revised to read as follows:  X3  X3j 95.605 Type acceptance and certification procedures. jAny entity may request type acceptance for its transmitter when the transmitter is used in the GMRS, R/C, CB, IVDS, or LPRS following the procedures in Part 2 of this chapter. Any entity may request certification for its transmitter when the transmitter is used in the FRS following the procedures in part 2 of this chapter. j6. Sections 95.629 through 95.671 are redesignated as 95.631 through 95.673 respectively, and a new Section 95.629 is added to read as follows:  X 3 j 95.629 LPRS transmitter frequencies.  X 3 j(a)` ` LPRS transmitters may operate on any frequency listed in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section. Channels 19, 20, 50, and 151160 are available exclusively for law enforcement tracking purposes. AMTS transmissions are limited to the 216.750217.000MHz band for low power pointtopoint network control communications by AMTS coast stations. Other AMTS transmissions in the 216217 MHz band are prohibited.  X3j(b)` ` Standard band channels.  X3j(i)` ` The following table indicates standard band frequencies. The channel bandwidth is 25 kHz. X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:@@CEGp 41RS216.025 42RS216.075w 43RS216.125`  44RS216.175I! 45RS216.2252" 46RS216.275# 47RS216.325$ 48RS216.375$ 49RS216.425% 50RS216.475"&Z,''<*<*"& 51RS216.525 52RS216.575 53RS216.625 54RS216.675 55RS216.725  X356RS216.775   Xv357RS216.825 v  X_358RS216.875 _  XH359RS216.925 H  X1360RS216.975 1n  X 3P h p"$ 'x)+(.0205798<>@@CEGpX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:@@CEGp 61R4`N216.0025   62R4`N216.0075   63R4`N216.0125   64R4`N216.0175t   65R4`N216.0225]   66R4`N216.0275F   67R4`N216.0325/   68R4`N216.0375   69R4`N216.0425   70R4`N216.0475   71R4`N216.0525   72R4`N216.0575   73R4`N216.0625   74R4`N216.0675   75R4`N216.0725w   76R4`N216.0775`    77R4`N216.0825I!   78R4`N216.08752"   79R4`N216.0925#   80R4`N216.0975$   81R4`N216.1025$   82R4`N216.1075%   83R4`N216.1125"&Z,''<*<*"&   84R4`N216.1175   85R4`N216.1225   86R4`N216.1275   87R4`N216.1325   88R4`N216.1375   89R4`N216.1425   90R4`N216.1475v   91R4`N216.1525_   92R4`N216.1575H   93R4`N216.16251   94R4`N216.1675    95R4`N216.1725    96R4`N216.1775    97R4`N216.1825    98R4`N216.1875    99R4`N216.1925    100R4`N216.1975   101R4`N216.2025y   102R4`N216.2075b   103R4`N216.2125K   104R4`N216.21754   105R4`N216.2225   106R4`N216.2275   107R4`N216.2325   108R4`N216.2375   109R4`N216.2425   110R4`N216.2475   111R4`N216.2525   112R4`N216.2575|   113R4`N216.2625e   114R4`N216.2675N   115R4`N216.27257   116R4`N216.2775    117R4`N216.2825    118R4`N216.2875   119R4`N216.2925   120R4`N216.2975    121R4`N216.3025!   122R4`N216.3075"   123R4`N216.3125#   124R4`N216.3175h$   125R4`N216.3225Q%   126R4`N216.3275":& Z,''))":&   127R4`N216.3325   128R4`N216.3375   129R4`N216.3425   130R4`N216.3475   131R4`N216.3525   132R4`N216.3575   133R4`N216.3625v   134R4`N216.3675_   135R4`N216.3725H   136R4`N216.37751   137R4`N216.3825    138R4`N216.3875    139R4`N216.3925    140R4`N216.3975    141R4`N216.4025    142R4`N216.4075    143R4`N216.4125   144R4`N216.4175y   145R4`N216.4225b   146R4`N216.4275K   147R4`N216.43254   148R4`N216.4375   149R4`N216.4425   150R4`N216.4475   151R4`N216.4525   152R4`N216.4575   153R4`N216.4625   154R4`N216.4675   155R4`N216.4725|   156R4`N216.4775e   157R4`N216.4825N   158R4`N216.48757   159R4`N216.4925    160R4`N216.4975    161R4`N216.5025   162R4`N216.5075   163R4`N216.5125    164R4`N216.5175!   165R4`N216.5225"   166R4`N216.5275#   167R4`N216.5325h$   168R4`N216.5375Q%   169R4`N216.5425":&!Z,''))":&   170R4`N216.5475   171R4`N216.5525   172R4`N216.5575   173R4`N216.5625   174R4`N216.5675   175R4`N216.5725   176R4`N216.5775v   177R4`N216.5825_   178R4`N216.5875H   179R4`N216.59251   180R4`N216.5975    181R4`N216.6025    182R4`N216.6075    183R4`N216.6125    184R4`N216.6175    185R4`N216.6225    186R4`N216.6275   187R4`N216.6325y   188R4`N216.6375b   189R4`N216.6425K   190R4`N216.64754   191R4`N216.6525   192R4`N216.6575   193R4`N216.6625   194R4`N216.6675   195R4`N216.6725   196R4`N216.6775   197R4`N216.6825   198R4`N216.6875|   199R4`N216.6925e   200R4`N216.6975N   201R4`N216.70257   202R4`N216.7075    203R4`N216.7125    204R4`N216.7175   205R4`N216.7225   206R4`N216.7275    207R4`N216.7325!   208R4`N216.7375"   209R4`N216.7425#   210R4`N216.7475h$   211R4`N216.7525Q%   212R4`N216.7575":&"Z,''))":&   213R4`N216.7625   214R4`N216.7675   215R4`N216.7725   216R4`N216.7775   217R4`N216.7825   218R4`N216.7875   219R4`N216.7925v   220R4`N216.7975_   221R4`N216.8025H   222R4`N216.80751   223R4`N216.8125    224R4`N216.8175    225R4`N216.8225    226R4`N216.8275    227R4`N216.8325    228R4`N216.8375    229R4`N216.8425   230R4`N216.8475y   231R4`N216.8525b   232R4`N216.8575K   233R4`N216.86254   234R4`N216.8675   235R4`N216.8725   236R4`N216.8775   237R4`N216.8825   238R4`N216.8875   239R4`N216.8925   240R4`N216.8975   241R4`N216.9025|   242R4`N216.9075e   243R4`N216.9125N   244R4`N216.91757   245R4`N216.9225    246R4`N216.9275    247R4`N216.9325   248R4`N216.9375   249R4`N216.9425    250R4`N216.9475!   251R4`N216.9525"   252R4`N216.9575#   253R4`N216.9625h$   254R4`N216.9675Q%   255R4`N216.9725":&#Z,''))":&   256R4`N216.9775   257R4`N216.9825   258R4`N216.9875   259R4`N216.9925   260R4`N216.9975n  Xv3P ph p"$ 'x)+(.0205798<>@@CEGpX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: