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A. a.(1)(a) i) a)DocumentgPleadingHeader for Numbered Pleading PaperE!n    X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: J2J>8 &>>,,,,,,,,`` 8888,,,,,,,,,,zz&&>>>r2lf CFf Q^]f ma",tB^ f ^Yd ddd dddddd, , u,ddddiSdSud,NdS7uSuSuSuSrSuTxuSSrurxf,ddddW,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNd%  i idd NN,,,, d^i",,,,,,,,,  ,,,  ,,,V' dd,,,,,, d, ,,d,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,dddduuSudddd,,8VnDVVbbJDDPD\> J2J>8 &>>,,,,,,,,`` 8888,,,,,,,,,,zz&&>>>r",tB^ f ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCdxN`xoCCCddCdoYoYFdo8Co8odooYNCodddYdddd4dddddCddddddddo8dddddYYYYYN8N8N8N8oddddooooddpddddxodddXXddXddXdddddooL8doddNorddo8PdN8ppoddXXdpLoNpLodPDdopoopodXYXodoodddCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCdUUddddddFddddFCCssd44ddzzddd~ooCsdF"dsd9dCCzCddoddCdYds`zUvdddCCCCzozoYNYYYN8YooYdYzzdzddYYzozzzNdzYzzzzCCdddddddzCzdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`Lr7jC:,9Xj\  P6G;XPsRdW,\  P6G;PtRdW,4  pG;u7nC:,|Xn4  pG;XvAPF,.\  P6G;P@|ND,5|\  P6G;Pw@ND,4  pG;x8wC;,%Xw PE37XP TdY,% PE37P DySdY,.{_ pi7Dz7zC;,.mXz_ pi7XDPG,%J PE37PzE!n14 4GM0/0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLM",tB^ f ^GPoxxPPPxPPPPxxxxxxxxxxPPkP]PPPxxPkxkxkPxxCCxCxxxxY]Cxxxxkkxkx>xxxxxPxxxxxxxxxCkkkkkkkkkkPCPCPCPCxxxxxxxxxxkxxxxxxjxjjjxxjxxjxxxxxxxPCxxxxPxxxxCVxHCxxxxxVVx[[[xVCxxxxxxxxjjjxxxxxxPxxPPPWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNxxxPkbbxxxxxxTxxxxTPP||x>>xxxxxP|x!T"x}xExPPPxxxxPxkxofxkkPPPPk]kxkPCkkxkxxxkkPxkPPxxxxxxxPxkP8D%nZZB 3nMnMn..s[2m a<J%Z X-M|J#]#|\  P6G;P# Remarks by Michele C. Farquhar  Chief of the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau -before the KAPCO CONFERENCE  a2<August 12, 1996 #Xj\  P6G;ߊXP# T T  X-TP ddd  x#|\  P6G;P# !p #Xj\  P6G;ߊXP# !p Thank you and good afternoon. Before I begin, I'd just like to thank Ronnie Rand and Ross Morris for giving me this opportunity to talk to you. There is a lot going on in the world of public safety communications these days, and I appreciate the opportunity to share some of my thoughts on how things look from the FCC's perspective. xWhen people think of public safety communications, they often concentrate on dramatic disasters and emergencies earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and a variety of manmade incidents. The recent tragedies of TWA Flight #800 and the bombing at the Olympics vividly demonstrate the critical importance of radio communications for public  X(-safety. It has been reported that in the 24 hours after the bombing in Atlanta, over one  X-MILLION minutes of twoway radio conversations were logged. That is roughly equivalent to 20 days worth of normal traffic in one 24hour period. One of the local cellular operators reported that 1.5 million cellular phone calls were made in that same period. These kinds of numbers indicate the extent to which public safety providers as well as the general publicrely on wireless communications in emergencies. xBut one thing I've come to understand is that public safety communications involve much more than the emergencies and disasters that unfortunately all too often come across our TV screens. At least equally important is the role radio communications play in the daytoday emergencies that occur every hour all across the country. By this I mean police officers responding to the scene of a crime, fire trucks racing to a house fire, or emergency medical technicians rushing to aid a victim of a heart attack or automobile accident. Each of these events happens thousands of times a day across the United States a fact that makes them commonplace and, some may argue, mundane. But they're not. There is nothing ordinary about your child needing help or your neighbor or your friend. When something goes wrong, everyone in this country depends on and demands the quick response of the Nation's public safety agencies. And it is the radio systems that makes that fast response possible. xToday, however, public safety agencies are confronting a number of barriers that are increasingly challenging their ability to do their jobs. The Public Safety Wireless Advisory Committee draft final report does a good job of identifying the problems facing the community, but let me just highlight a few of the important ones I see: "'0*((R&"ԌxFirst, radio frequencies are congested in many areas of the country. As a result, communications quality is often poor and interference can interrupt critical messages. There may not be enough channels to get things done. xSecond, systems used by neighboring jurisdictions and even different agencies in the same local area often use different technologies or may operate on different frequency bands. This can make interagency communication difficult, if not impossible. The problem of interoperability gets even worse in largescale disaster and emergency relief efforts when a multitude of Federal agencies can also be added into the mix. As a result, rescue efforts are hard to coordinate, and lives may be put at riskthose of the public safety officers as well as the public. xThird, new technologies and services are being developed that will improve service and efficiency, but that also put a continuing strain on public safety wireless communication resources. For example, mobile data is becoming an increasingly important part of many agencies' efforts, and video, while not used much now, is expected to make more of an impact in the future. Manufacturers are building radios that are more spectrally efficient and that offer advanced technologies and features, but budget or spectrum constraints may slow the implementation of new, more efficient and effective systems. xIn order to solve these problems, I believe that the public safety community must reach out. I think it would be a mistake to try and solve them alone. There is a wide  X-range of cooperative relationships that should be strengthened or forged . The PSWAC  X-effort, which brought together almost 500 individuals concerned with public safety, is  X-but one example of what can be accomplished when different groups cooperate.  X- xThe first place I think collaboration will be critical is within the public safety community itself. Over the last several years, different agencies at all levels of government have learned to work together more effectively. xOne good example of how different agencies can work together is through the development of regionallyplanned shared systems. I know that a number of states and counties have developed systems that combine state, local, and even Federal public safety agencies on one network. This allows individual agencies to potentially lower their individual costs while getting a system that has better quality, features, and coverage than any system they could have built for themselves. And from the FCC's perspective, these systems are often much more efficient in their use of the spectrum than multiple individual systems. I know that this approach won't work in all cases, but I urge you to look for ways to pool resources where you can. xThe second place where I think ties could be improved is with the manufacturers and providers of commercial wireless services. Again, I think the PSWAC process represents a great step forward. You need to continue to make your needs known so"#'0*((%" that manufacturers can build the products you need, and the commercial providers can tailor services to meet your requirements. Let me emphasize that I don't think that commercial services can completely replace your private systems, but I do believe that they offer an opportunity to meet some of your needs if you can work with the providers to define exactly what your needs are and how they need to adapt their networks to better meet those needs. Given the greater number of companies that will shortly be competing for mobile radio dollars, I think you might find that the commercial providers may be more willing to work with you than you thought. xFinally, we at the FCC will work closely with you as we develop the rules and regulations that will govern public safety communications into the next century. But it's a twoway street, and we'll need your help in developing policies that make sense and that help us to balance the complex forces we must contend with. xWe want to encourage efficient use of the spectrum, but we want to do it in ways that are realistic, both technically and economically. xWe want to encourage the use of new technologies, but not pick a particular technology "winner." xWe want to help you get the capacity and quality you need, but the spectrum is crowded and there are many players competing for it. It may not be possible to meet all your needs through a simple allocation of additional spectrum; you may have to become more efficient with the resources you have. You will have to be strong, smart advocates to prevail. xI am committed to helping you build an environment for public safety communications that ensures that all citizens get the services they deserve and have come to expect. Although this effort has not received the same media attention as the conversion of broadcasting to ATV or HDTV, the impact on the public is just as significant. As the PSWAC effort winds down, and our rulemaking process gears up, I hope that you will come to us with your ideas, thoughts, and opinions. We, in turn, will do our best to help you meet your requirements now and into the future.  X- Thank you. #Xj\  P6G;ߊXP#