WPC 2~ ZBVHP LaserJet IIPD PQPa1DocumentDocument StyleF *  ׃  a2DocumentDocument Style*    a3DocumentDocument Style0     2[qe!epa4DocumentDocument Style . a5DocumentDocument Style   a6DocumentDocument Style   a7DocumentDocument Style ` ` ` 2p   Ia8DocumentDocument Style` ` ` a1TechnicalTechnical Document Style 4!     a2TechnicalTechnical Document Style *    a3TechnicalTechnical Document Style '   23  )a4TechnicalTechnical Document Style &   a5TechnicalTechnical Document Style &  . a6TechnicalTechnical Document Style&  . a7TechnicalTechnical Document Style&  . 2 e } g  a8TechnicalTechnical Document Style&   . a1Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)$!" a2Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)/#$ a3Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a):%& 2n R   a4Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)E'( a5Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)P)* a6Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)[+, a7Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)f-. 2jqq\a8Paragraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)q/0 a1AgendaAgenda Items%12D/  a2AgendaAgenda Items34a3AgendaAgenda Items562qqpqqRa4AgendaAgenda Items78a5AgendaAgenda Items9:a6AgendaAgenda Items;<a7AgendaAgenda Items=>27 q!f"#a8AgendaAgenda Items ?@a195Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers!8AB@   a295Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers"ACD@` `  ` ` ` a395Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers#JEF@  ` `  2S$i%&'a495Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers$SGH@  a595Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers%\IJ@hh# hhh a695Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers&eKL@( hh# a795Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers'nMN@- ( 2'()V*+a895Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers(wOP@pp2 -ppp a194Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers)8QR@   a294Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers*AST@` `  ` ` ` a394Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers+JUV@  ` `  2C,Y-./{a494Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers,SWX@  a594Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers-\YZ@hh# hhh a694Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers.e[\@( hh# a794Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers/n]^@- ( 20"0uF1e[!2p!a894Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers0w_`@pp2 -ppp  1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#K PQ&P#,X0ÍÍ,X0ÍÍ,0ÍÍ,0ÍÍHeading 2Underlined Heading Flush Left1ab Heading 1Centered Heading2cd* Ã  2+3`b"4]#5&6o(footnote reffootnote reference3ef>#[\  PP##[\  PP#heading 34gh #XN\  PXP# #XN\  PXP#Equation5ij  ЋT!#&G\  P&P#   Њ4 <DL!#XR PQXP#Body Text In6 kl   :4 <DL!:#XP7  PTQXP#   4 <DL!#XP7  PTQXP#227E+8FG.9F/:F0Body TextBody Text7UmKn ` hp x (##R PQXP##X6X@X@#X` hp x (#85 385 38wowp#R PQXP##X6X@X@#85 285 29wqwr#R PQXP##X6X@X@#85 185 1:wswt#R PQXP##X6X@ X@#2c7;FK2<F3=F4>F6Agenda 8Agenda 8;wuwv#R P QXP##X6X@ X@#Agenda 7Agenda 7w{w|#R PQXP##X6X@X@#2i>?F7@8AF;BF#=Agenda 4Agenda 4?w}w~#R PQXP##X6X@X@#79aa79aa@UK 4 <DL!#K PQ&P##X6X@X@#X` hp x (#78aa78aaAww#R PQXP##X6X@X@#77bb77bbBww#R PQXP##X6X@X@#2BC>DF?E@FA76bb76bbCPP75bb75bbDww#R PQXP##X6X@X@#74bb74bbEPP73bb73bbFPP2IGFBHFADIEJFEH72dd72ddGww#R PQXP##X6X@X@#71bb71bbHww#R PQXP##X6X@X@#70bb70bbI3) ` hp x (#X` hp x (#69aa69aaJww#R P QXP##X6X@!X@#2NKFILFKMFILNFM68aa68aaKww#R P"QXP##X6X@#X@#67aa67aaLww#R P$QXP##X6X@%X@#66aa66aaMww#R P&QXP##X6X@'X@#65aa65aaNww#R P(QXP##X6X@)X@#2SOFOPMPQFEQRFR64aa64aaOww#R P*QXP##X6X@+X@#63aa63aaPPP62aa62aaQww#R P,QXP##X6X@-X@#61aa61aaRww#R P.QXP##X6X@/X@#2XSFTTIUUFAVVFW60cc60ccSww#R P0QXP##X6X@1X@#59aa59aaTPP58aa58aaUww#R P2QXP##X6X@3X@#57b57bVww#R P4QXP##X6X@5X@#2_WLXXKZYF\ZLE^56aa56aaWzz#R P6QXP##X6X@7X@#55d55dX.$ ` hp x (#X` hp x (#54b54bYww#R P8QXP##X6X@9X@#53a53aZzz#W\  P:P##X6X@;X@#2If[_\Fb]F d^Qe52a52a[UK 4 <DL!#K P<Q&P##X6X@=X@#X` hp x (#51b51b\ww#R P>QXP##X6X@?X@#50b50b]ww#R P@QXP##X6X@AX@#49p49p^PP2j_F{f`gahbFi48p48p_ww#R PBQXP##X6X@CX@#47b47b`PP46a46aaPP45a45abww#R PDQXP##X6X@EX@#2qcF)kdoleF-ofFsp44a44acww#R PFQXP##X6X@GX@#43a43ad3) ` hp x (#X` hp x (#42a42aeww#R PHQXP##X6X@IX@#39a39afww#R PJQXP##X6X@KX@#2vgFqh1siF)tjFou37b37bgww#R PLQXP##X6X@MX@#36b36bhPP35b35biww#R PNQXP##X6X@OX@#34b34bjww#R PPQXP##X6X@QX@#2{kFvl-xmF%ynFkz33b33bkww#R PRQXP##X6X@SX@#32b32blPP31b31bmww#R PTQXP##X6X@UX@#30b30bnww#R PVQXP##X6X@WX@#2ioF{p)}qFrF#27a27aoww#R PXQXP##X6X@YX@#26a26ap.$ ` hp x (#X` hp x (#25a25aqww#R PZQXP##X6X@[X@#24a24arww#R P\QXP##X6X@]X@#2sFtuFلv23a23asww#R P^QXP##X6X@_X@#22a22atPP21a21auww#R P`QXP##X6X@aX@#20a20avPP2awFIxFyFՉzFAgenda 3Agenda 3www#R PbQXP##X6X@cX@#Agenda 1Agenda 1xww#R PdQXP##X6X@eX@#Agenda 2Agenda 2yww#R PfQXP##X6X@gX@#IndentquoteIndentquotezww#R PhQXP##X6X@iX@#2{L|Fߍ}F%~FkBld/UndBld/Und{zz#R PjQXP##X6X@kX@#Paragraph 8Paragraph 8|ww#R PlQXP##X6X@mX@#Paragraph 7Paragraph 7}ww#R PnQXP##X6X@oX@#Paragraph 6Paragraph 6~ww#R PpQXP##X6X@qX@#2FF)FoFParagraph 5Paragraph 5ww#R PrQXP##X6X@sX@#Paragraph 4Paragraph 4ww#R PtQXP##X6X@uX@#Paragraph 3Paragraph 3ww#R PvQXP##X6X@wX@#Paragraph 2Paragraph 2ww#R PxQXP##X6X@yX@#2F-LsFParagraph 1Paragraph 1ww#R PzQXP##X6X@{X@#head1head1zz# x2P| P# #X6X@}X@#MACNormalMACNormalU K  ` hp x (##?V2P}?P##X6X@}X@#X` hp x (#Technical 8Technical 8w w #R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#2F9FwTechnical 7Technical 7w w#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Technical 1Technical 1PPTechnical 4Technical 4ww#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Technical 3Technical 3PP2)FߣF%kTechnical 2Technical 2PPTechnical 6Technical 6ww#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Technical 5Technical 5ww#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Document 1Document 13) ` hp x (#X` hp x (#2sF[FFF-Right Par 8Right Par 8ww#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Right Par 7Right Par 7ww #R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Right Par 6Right Par 6w!w"#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Right Par 5Right Par 5w#w$#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#2oFF1F)Right Par 4Right Par 4w%w&#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Right Par 3Right Par 3w'w(#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Document 3Document 3P)P*Right Par 2Right Par 2w+w,#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#2kFF-F%Right Par 1Right Par 1w-w.#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Document 7Document 7w/w0#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Document 2Document 2P1P2Document 5Document 5w3w4#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#2FRF5F{Document 6Document 6w5w6#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#Document 4Document 4}7}8#R P}QXP#  #X6X@}X@#Document 8Document 8w9w:#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#__w;w<#R P}QXP##X6X@}X@#2pe93Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers8=>@   92Document Style?@` ` ` 91Document Style*AB   90Document Style CD 2eqpe89Document Style EF 88Document StyleG H . 87Document StyleIJ` ` ` Style 8Initial Codes for BeginningFKL#XN\  P}XP# dn  # b, oT9  [ #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#`) &Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide    #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988` APage   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#   Page `1 &Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 25!~ZStyle 9Initial Codes for IntermediateDMN#XN\  P}XP# dn  ## b, oT9 Њ [ #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#`e %Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc.` APage   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 #XN*f9 x}XX#   Page `1 &Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 UpdateInitial Codes for Update ModuleUOP#XN\  P}XP# dn  ##  [ b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#` "Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide    v#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988` APage   v#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#   Page `1 &Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 5SJQE QR !  4 <DL! 6CCMGF+S T:  * #i` P}QP# 9 #[\  P}P# 9 #i2P}P#   #XZ2P}XP# 2)+!Tu#6CCMGF]+U V=  * #XN\  P}XP# : #XZ2P}XP#   #XZ2P}XP# 6CCQE WX !  4 <DL! 6CCMGF,Y Z7  * #XN\  P}XP# : #XZ2P}XP#  #XZ2P}XP#6CCMGF],[ \:  * #XN\  P}XP# : #XZ2P}XP#   #XZ2P}XP# 2Tx;!6CCMGF-] ^7  * #K P}Q&P# ; #& P}7&P# ; #&R2P}&P#  #XZ2P}XP#4EKM]L:_`  <4+ab! 4 <DL!<4]+cd #| !  | 4 <DL!2!!(!I !j <4,ef ; g!g  ; 4 <DL!<4],gh  4!4   4 <DL!<4-ij   !    4 <DL!<4]-kl   !    4 <DL!2!!!k <4.mn `   !   `  4 <DL!<4].op ,  X !X   ,  4 <DL!<4/qr    !    4 <DL!:DF 9AI stn #D P}QP# #x P}7P# #x P}7P##XR P}QXP# #XN\  P}XP# 2c lStyle 10Initial Codes for Advanced uv#XN\  P}XP# dn  #  [ b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !Style 6Dutch Roman 14 Point'w'x#[\  P}P##XN\  P}XP#Style 7Swiss 11.5'y'z#XZ2P}XP##XN\  P}XP#Style 5Dutch Bold 18 Point'{'|#u\  P}P##XN\  P}XP#2d!DRsStyle 2Dutch Italic 11.5'}~#XN*f9 x}XX#Style 1Dutch Roman 11.5 Font7#XN\  P}XP# dn Style 4Swiss 8 Point with MarginsG#<2P}P# dd  #  Style 3Dutch Roman 11.5 with Margins/Tabs#XN\  P}XP# n   # b, oT9 !2\:!C667Style 11Initial Codes for Advanced IIU#XN\  P}XP# dn  ##  [ b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#` %Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   #XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   v#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988` APage  \: 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#K P}Q&P##XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 ! 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN\  P}XP# ## b, oT9 !#XN*f9 x}XX#   Page `1 &Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 \Style 12Dutch Italics 11.5''#XN*f9 x}XX##XN\  P}XP#Style 14Swiss 8 Pt Without Margins''#<2P}P##XN\  P}XP#ENVELOPEStandard Business Envelope with Headeru V,  #  , 8/L  #K P}Q&P#   I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#x6X@}@#   / `   2;[:[:[D;[;VERY LARGEVery Large TypestyleEXTRA LARGEExtra Large TypestyleLARGELarge TypestyleFINEFine Typestyle2C[,<<<A<BSMALLSmall TypestyleINVOICE HEADHeading Portion of Math Invoice]<   X 9/L XX #K P}Q&P# XX  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#x6X@}@# XX  *b%/  ӧ   XX L XX #K P}Q&P# XX  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)Ҳ#x6X@}@# XX  *b%INVOICE TOTTotals Invoice for Math Macro Xp, $0INVOICE EXPExpense Subtotals for Math Invoice p,p, $02I0DIAEFjIMEMORANDUMMemo Page FormatϹ  D* M E M O R A N D U M ă y<dddy INVOICE FEEFee Amount for Math Invoice p,, $0  LETTERHEADLetterhead - date/margins!  X  3'   * 3' Ѓ    X HIGHLIGHT 3Large, Italicized and Underscored  2oLdIJnJc KHIGHLIGHT 2Large and Bold BLOCK QUOTESmall, single-spaced, indented TITLETitle of a Document* ăLEGAL PORTLegal Portrait - 8.5 x 14  A'   2LQcLcNcgOPLETTER PORTLetter Portrait - 8.5 x 11  3'   LEGAL LANDLegal Landscape - 14 x 8.5  'A   LETTER LANDLetter Landscape - 11 x 8.5  '3   DRAFT OFFTurn Draft Style off*  2V]~QdSF?TLUDRAFT ONHeader A Text = DRAFT and Date X 8D 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#K P}Q&P# 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#x6X@}@#` .FDRAFTă `.A 3 1, 4   HIGHLIGHT 1Italics and Bold 85_Equation Captionww#XZ2P}XP##K2P}P#84endnote referencezz#XN\  P}XP##D P}QP#2\$W'XYx/Z83footnote textf\ ??US82Default Paragraph FontPP81footnote referencez>#[\  P}P##[\  P}P#80'4 <DL!T$#K P}Q&P##K P}Q&P#4 <DL!T$2'_\^]]^79Technical Document Style&  . 78Technical Document Style&  . 77Technical Document Style4$     76Technical Document Style&   2aY__`a75Technical Document Style'   74Technical Document Style*    73Technical Document Style&  . 72Technical Document Style&  . 2dabQcd71Document StyleF 7  ׃  70Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbersw@pp2 -ppp 69Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbersn@- ( 68Right-Aligned Paragraph Numberse@( hh# 2g eemfg67Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers\@hh# hhh 66Right-Aligned Paragraph NumbersS@  65Right-Aligned Paragraph NumbersJ@  ` `  64Document Style0     2jgshpiui63Right-Aligned Paragraph NumbersA@` `  ` ` ` 62Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers8@   61Document Style` ` ` 60Document Style*   2ke:jejqkpuk59Document Style  58Document Style  57Document Style  . 56Document Style` ` ` 2Cvln&7q]tHEADING 8'34 <DL!T$#D P}QP##D P}QP#4 <DL!T$HEADING 9'34 <DL!T$#D P}QP##D P}QP#4 <DL!T$55Default Paragraph Fontgg#XZ2P}XP##&R2P}&P#_Equation Ca_Equation Caption#XZ2P}XP##K2P}P#2vuv0oxcaptioncaption #XZ2P}XP##K2P}P#ЫD PQP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P!Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P"Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P#Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P$Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P%Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P&Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P'Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P(Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P)Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P*Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P+Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P,Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P-Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P.Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P/Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P0Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P1Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P2Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P3Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P4Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P5Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P6Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P7Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P8Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P9Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P:Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P;Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P<Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P=Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P>Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P?Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P@Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PAQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PBQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PCQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PDQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PEQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PFQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PGQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PHQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PIQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PJQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PKQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PLQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PMQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PNQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K POQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PPQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PRQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PSQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PTQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PUQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PVQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PWQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PXQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PYQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PZQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P[Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P\Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P]Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P^Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P_Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P`Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PaQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PbQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PcQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PdQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PeQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PfQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PgQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PhQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PiQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PjQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PkQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PlQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PmQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PnQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PoQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PpQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PqQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PrQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PsQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PtQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PuQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PvQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PwQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PxQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PyQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PzQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P{Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P|Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P}Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K P~Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&XP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXX_ p7X_  CG TimesBoldXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&&G\  P&P7  `&Times New Roman&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&&G\  P&P7  `&Times New Roman&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&K PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&N6X@N@C6X9`("Courier NewTTNK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&R PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXD PQP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXD PQP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXx P7P `CG TimesXR PQXP `CG TimesXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&B7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&B7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman[\  PP\  `*Times New RomanTT[\  PP\  `*Times New RomanTT[\  PP\  `*Times New RomanTTXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&B7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXN\  PXP<X   `*Times New RomanTTX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanX]7  PTQP7  `&Times New Roman]7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&B7  PTQP7  `&Times New RomanXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXSM\  PSP7  `&Times New RomanSS6X@S@C6X9`("Courier NewTTSX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXx6X@QX@<6X9`(*Courier 12pt (10cpi)Xxd6X@Q@<6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpid6X@Q@<6X9`(CourierXx6X@X@<6X9`(CourierXXR PQXP `CG TimesXd6X@Q@<6X9`(CourierK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&&G\  P&P(\  `*Times New RomanTT&XR PQXP `CG TimesXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXXP7  PTQXP7  `&Times New RomanXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@ X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@ X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@ X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXK PQ&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&X6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@!X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P"QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@#X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P$QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@%X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P&QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@'X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P(QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@)X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P*QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@+X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P,QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@-X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P.QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@/X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P0QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@1X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P2QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@3X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P4QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@5X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P6QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@7X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P8QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@9X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXW\  P:P(\  `*Times New RomanTTX6X@;X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXK P<Q&P) `*CG Timesw RomanTT&X6X@=X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P>QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@?X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P@QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@AX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PBQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@CX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PDQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@EX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PFQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@GX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PHQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@IX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PJQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@KX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PLQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@MX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PNQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@OX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PPQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@QX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PRQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@SX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PTQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@UX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PVQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@WX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PXQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@YX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PZQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@[X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P\QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@]X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P^QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@_X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR P`QXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@aX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PbQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@cX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PdQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@eX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PfQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@gX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PhQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@iX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PjQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@kX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PlQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@mX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PnQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@oX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PpQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@qX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PrQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@sX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PtQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@uX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PvQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@wX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PxQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@yX@C6X9`("Courier NewTTXR PzQXP) `*CG Timesw RomanTTXX6X@{X@C6X9`("Courier NewTTX x2P| P7o> A`ArialTT 2"w*w3|Kw~d UUUUUUUUUUUUU ,,,888EEEQQQaaaqqq ~( V V ߀Vǀ?G?V#;V#}}}߀V#}}}߀V#?}}V"}}U$}}}߀U$;T ǀ?G?TTTÀS*S*S*S*RR R R G~OQ!;w~s?Q}~Q}~Q?!7}~?7P!}~P!}~P!;w~P?!G~O߀#O߀#O߀#O?.=/=?/=/=/=߀ ; ; ; ߣ?: wߝ݀:? }߽}9 ߽9@ ߽8  }߽}8  }߽}7  wy߽y݀7  ߽?7?2636?3535?3444?4343?43?5252515150 40? 4/ 3/ ~3/ ?2. 2. 1- 1- 1, 0,? 0+?/+?/*?.*.*?-) -) -( ,(? ,' ?+'? +& *& *&*%)%)$($(#?'#?'"&"?&!&!?%!% $ $ ?# #"?"?"!!?      ? ? ??  ? π < π?獀c??Àπ ?? 矀  ?ϟ ϟ ߟ ?  ?? ??;? ??? ????   ??   |   ? +8=?===+=@=6=6=7 ߀.Ā7,17,y7OF?)7?9߿)7{߿)7?{߿)?{߿)Ӏ߀{߿){߿)c?{߿)%w{ߏ)%w}=%?w}=%?=%=%}=%w=%=@+@,@?/?'@w'@'@'3 '3߀ '3߀ '%?_/w'%wπ/'%߀'%߀'%߀'&=&=%?wπ=%?_/=8 07߀07?0@/@{/@.@.' .'߀/'.%? {/%݀ /%} =% =% =%} =%} =%y݀ =%? =@$=@# X   -r 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#K PQ&P# 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)  Federal Communications Commission`$(#BFCC 99178 ă yxdddy -Պ 4& Before the Federal Communications Commission !Washington, D.C. 20554 ă In the Matter of*) *) Amendment of Parts 1, 21 and 74 to Enable*)MM Docket No. 97217 Multipoint Distribution Service and*) Instructional Television Fixed Service*)File No. RM9060 Licensees to Engage in Fixed*) TwoWay Transmissions*) *) Request For Declaratory Ruling on the Use*) of Digital Modulation by Multipoint*) Distribution Service and Instructional*) Television Fixed Service Stations*)  REPORT AND ORDER ON RECONSIDERATION Đ  p Adopted: July 13, 1999 Released: July 29, 1999 X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:Q&P#ЍX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:&PARTIES BellSouth Corp. and BellSouth Wireless Cable Inc. Catholic Television Network Cisco Systems Dallas County Community College District, et. al. Instructional Telecommunications Foundation National ITFS Association Petitioners (see supra) Qualcomm Region IV Educational Service Center, et. al. San Francisco/San Jose Educator/Operator Consortium Spike Technologies C &W Enterprises Inc. UT Television  #XP7  PTQXP# #X_ p7X# Petitioners: #XP7  PTQXP# ADC Telecommunications Corp.George Mason University Aims Community CollegeInstructionalAlamosa Public SchoolsFoundation, Inc. Alda Wireless Holdings, Inc.Humanities Instructional TelevisionAmerican Communications Services, Inc.Hybrid Networks, Inc. American Foundation for Instructional TVIndiana Higher EducationAmerican Telecasting, Inc.Telecommunication System Aquinas and St. Mary's Catholic SchoolsIndio Wireless Partnership Augustina CollegeInstructional Media Center,Barnesville Public SchoolCalifornia State University, Broadband Networks, Inc. Chico Broadcast Cable, Inc.ITS CorporationBruning Public SchoolIvy Tech State College C.D.V. IncorporatedKessler and Gehman Associates, CAI Wireless Systems, Inc. Inc. California AmplifierLance IndustriesCalifornia Human Development CorporationLucas County Educational Service California State University, StanislausCenterCenter for Economic & Social JusticeMagellan University Central Community College FoundationMalcolm Public SchoolsCentral Oregon Community CollegeMcConnell Communications, Inc. CFW Cable, Inc.Microwave Filter Company, Inc. Clarendon FoundationMilwaukee Regional Medical ITS, Inc#XP7  PTQXP#ьCommunications & Energy Corp., Inc.. Community School of NaplesMissouri Baptist College, ITFSComwaveMontrose School District Concord Community SchoolsMultimedia DevelopmentConcordia CollegeCorporation Conifer CorporationNational Digital Network, Cooperative Educational Services Agency #7Inc. Cornerstone Christian School System, Inc.National Wireless Holdings, Inc. Cross Country Wireless, Inc.Northern Arizona University CS Wireless Systems, Inc.Oklahoma City University  DeLawder Communications, Inc. Oklahoma Educational Television DeltaMontrose Area Vocational Technical CenterAuthority Denver Public SchoolsOmni Microwave Digital & Wireless TelevisionOregon Public Broadcasting DiviCom Inc.Pacific Monolithics, Inc. Durand Community Unit School District #322Pacific Telesis GroupEMCEE Broadcast ProductsPCTV Gold, Inc. First Assembly of God, Kahului, Maui, Inc.Pecatonica Community School People's Choice TV Corp. Pikes Peak Community College Polk Community College Portland Community College Preferred Entertainment, Inc.  Pueblo Community College Pueblo School District 60 Purdue University Raymond Central School School District of Oakfield South Florida Television, Inc. Specchio Developers Ltd. Springfield Board of Education St. Norbert College Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. Suncoast Wireless Communications Corporation Superchannels of Las Vegas, Inc. Tennessee Wireless Teton Wireless Television The Knowledge Network of Greater Omaha University of Colorado at Colorado Springs University of Northern Colorado, Academic Technology Services University of South Dakota University of Southern Colorado/KTSCTV University of South Florida Valley Lutheran High SchoolViews on Learning, Inc.Virginia Communications, Inc. W.A.T.C.H. TV Company Weld County School District RE1 Winnebago Community Unit District 323 Wireless Cable Association International, Inc. Wireless Cable Digital Alliance Wireless Cable of Indianapolis Wireless Holdings, Inc. (Videotron USA) Wireless One, Inc. Wireless One of North Carolina, LLC Yellowstone Education Center Yuba Community College Zenith Digital Media Group#K PQ&P#   X   #&G\  P&P#  #K PQ&P#rX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: #&G\  P&P#Federal Communications Commission`|(#CFCC 98231 ă yx}dddy @B-@% APPENDIX B ă  SUPPLEMENTAL FINAL REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS ă $Report and Order  As required by the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA),X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: tr is true at any point, then the path is considered NLOS and the model formulations in the subsection on NonLineofSight (NLOS) Mode below are used. If tp  tr is true at every point, then the transmitterreceiver path is LOS and the formulations in this subsection apply.For LOS paths, the field strength at the receiver is calculated as the vector combination of a directly received ray and a single reflected ray. This calculation is presented next. If the geometry is such that a terrain elevation point along the path between the transmitter and receiver extends into the 0.6 first Fresnel zone, then an additional loss ranging from 0 to 6dB is included for partial Fresnel zone obstruction. This is discussed in a subsequent subsection. 4heading 3 #XN\  PXP# X #]7  PTQP#TwoRay Field Strength at the Receiver Using a Single Ground Reflection 4heading 3  ` hp x (##XP7  PTQXP# For an LOS path, the field at the receiver consists of the directly received ray from the transmitter and a number of other rays received from a variety of reflecting and scattering sources. For low antenna heights (on either the transmit or receive end of the path) the field at the receiver is dominated by the direct ray and a single reflected ray which intersects the ground near the transmitter or receiver, whichever is nearer to the ground. The heightgain function in which a field at the antenna increases as the height of the antenna above ground increases is a direct result of the direct and ground reflection rays adding vectorially so that the magnitude of the resultant manifests this effect. The heightgain function is modeled here by considering the actual ground reflected ray and the direct ray in vector addition. The magnitude of the direct ray is given by: = dd= QEE sub r = 1 over d sub r sqrt {{P sub t G sub t  }over {4 ! }}Q (6) where Er is the field strength at the receive point, PT is the transmitter power delivered to the terminals of the transmit antenna, GT is the transmit antenna gain in the direction of the receive point (or the ray departure direction),  is the plane wave free space impedance (377 ohms), and dr is the path distance from the transmitter to the receive point in kilometers. Written in dB terms, this reduces to: 9 tdd9 t8,E sub r = 76.92-20.0 log (d sub r) + P sub T8ߵ dBV/m (7) In Equation (7), PT is effective radiated power (ERPd) in dBW. The magnitude and phase of the groundreflected ray are found by first calculating the complex reflection coefficient as follows: 1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) ddXR``=``R sub s ```gߛ  (8) where Rs is the smooth surface reflection coefficient and g is the surface roughness attenuation factor (a scalar quantity). For parallel and perpendicular polarizations, respectively, the smooth surface reflection coefficients are: 4 dd4 R sub {s } = { =sin  sub 0 - {sqrt{ =-cos sup 2  sub 0}}} over {=sin  sub 0 + {sqrt{ =-cos sup 2  sub 0}}}  parallel polarization(9) 1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1)  4 dd4 R sub {s Y } = {sin  sub 0 - {sqrt{ = -cos sup 2  sub 0}}} over {sin  sub 0 + {sqrt{ =-cos sup 2  sub 0}}}  perpendicular polarization(10) where 0 is the angle of incidence and = is the complex permittivity given by:  gdd g4(= = = sub 1 - j60 % sub 1  4߱Ì(11) where =1 is the relative dielectric constant of the reflecting surface, %1 is the conductivity of the reflecting surface in Siemens/m, and  is the (free space) wavelength of the incident radiation. For the case of ground reflection, verical polarization is parallel polarization and horizontal polarization is perpendicular polarization. For the model defined here, it is assumed that the local surface roughness is 0 (smooth surface) so that the term g in Equation (8) is one. Also, values of %1 = 0.008 Siemens/meter and =1= 15 are commonly used for ground constants and shall be employed unless specific values for the location being studied are available. Since the lengths of the reflected path and the direct path are essentially the same (differing by only a few wavelengths or less), the amplitude of the two rays due to spatial attenuation (path length) is assumed to be the same. The reflected ray, however, is multiplied by the reflection coefficient as given above and then shifted (retarded) in phase as a result of the longer path length compared to the direct ray. The vector addition of the two rays at the receiver is thus:  3dd 3XLE sub r ` = ` E sub d ` sin( 3 t)+E sub d ` R ` sin ( 3 t+  C )X where: Ed is the magnitude of the direct ray  3 is the carrier frequency in radians  R is the complex reflection coefficient given above  C is the phase delay of reflected ray in radians The carrier term is usually suppressed so that the magnitude of Equation (12) becomes i00mWdd0m`E sub r ``~=~ E sub d````1 + R ``e sup{i( C sub r +  C )}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~# ~~~~~=~E sub d ` SQRT {(1+R ` ` cos ( varphi sub r + DELTA varphi ))^2+(R ` ` sin (varphi sub r + DELTA varphi))^2}i (13) where Cr is the phase angle of the reflection coefficient. The term C is found from the actual path length difference in meters. For a tworay path geometry over a curved earth, the path length difference is given by: 04dd4A5 r = {2h  sub t ```h  sub r}over d sub r A߾ (14)  where: h#]7  PTQP# #]7  PTQP#'#XP7  PTQXP# #XP7  PTQXP#t is the height of the transmit antenna above the reflecting plane in meters h#]7  PTQP# #]7  PTQP#'#XP7  PTQXP# #XP7  PTQXP#r is the height of the receive antenna above the reflecting plane in meters so that0R ddR RF  C = ` {2 !  r}over ~~~ (modulo ~2 !~ radians)R (15)  The usual issue in using this approach is defining where the reflecting plane is for a complex terrain profile between transmitter and receiver. The reflection point is found by evaluating the angle of incidence and reflection at every terrain elevation point along the path. The angle of incidence at any point along the path profile (the evaluation point) is found from simple geometry as follows: 0DddDMA sub t ` ` = ` ` tan sup{-1}~ {[h sub t ` ` / ` ` d sub t]} M (16)  #XP7  PTQXP#for the transmitter, and   0hddhMA sub r ` ` = ` ` tan sup{-1}~ {[h sub r ` ` / ` ` d sub r]} M (17) for the receiver. The terms ht, hr, dt, and dr are the transmit antenna height above the evaluation point, the receive antenna height above the evaluation point, and the distances from the evaluation pointto the transmitter and receiver, respectively. The evaluation point where t = ris considered the reflection point. However, it is unlikely that these angles will ever be exactly equal. In such cases, at the two adjacent evaluation points where the angles inflect (i.e. r becomes larger than t), the reflection point is considered to exist along the profile segment defined by the adjacent points. The exact reflection point is then found along this profile segment using linear interpolation since the profile segment is by definition a linear slope. With the distance and elevation of the reflection point established, the reflection angle of incidence 0 is found using an equation of the form of Equation (16). This value of 0 is then used in Equation (9) or (10) to find the magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficients. The effect of the nearby ground reflection will be to reduce the amplitude of the directly received ray because, in general, the two rays will add out of phase. The amplitude of the reflected ray will be nearly equal to the direct ray because, at low reflection angles of incidence, R #]7  PTQP# #]7  PTQP#t#XP7  PTQXP# #XP7  PTQXP#1.0 for most practical combinations of frequency, conductivity, and permittivity. For an antenna placed very near the ground, the cancellation calculated through use of these formulas will be almost perfect, so that the directly received (free space) ray will be reduced by 40 dB or more. It is unlikely, however, that such a perfect cancellation will occur in the real world. It is therefore appropriate to put some reasonable limits on the change in amplitude of the directlyreceived ray that can be caused by a reflection. Based on measurement and theoretical data, the limits placed on change in the free space amplitude due to reflections are 25 dB and + 6 dB. Thus based on the preceding discussion, the path loss or attenuation term Areflection can be written as:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) {0mWddmital A sub reflection `` = `` -20 ` log````1 + R ` TIMES `e sup{i( C sub r +  C)}``~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~# ~~~~~~~~ = ` ` -20`log`` sqrt{{(1+R ` cos( C sub r +  C ))sup 2 + (R ` sin( C sub r +  C ))sup 2}}{    (18) with the limits that 6.0 dB  Areflection  25.0 dB. 4heading 3 #XN\  PXP# X #]7  PTQP#Attenuation Due to Partial Obstruction of the Fresnel Zone 4heading 3  ` hp x (##XP7  PTQXP# When a path is LOS but terrain obstacles are close to obstructing the path, additional attenuation will occur which cannot be accounted for using the ray approach just discussed. The failure of the ray approach to account for attenuation due to a near miss of obstacles on the path can be overcome to some extent by including a loss term in the LOS formulation which is based on the extent to which an obstacle penetrates the first Fresnel zone. From diffraction theory, when the ray just grazes an obstacle, the field on the other side is reduced by 6 dB (half the wavefront is obstructed). When the clearance between the obstacle and the ray path is 0.6 of the first Fresnel zone, the change in the field strength at the receiver is 0 dB, and with additional clearance a field strength increase of 6 dB can occur owing to the inphase contribution from the ray diffracted from the obstacle. For additional clearance, an oscillatory pattern in the field strength occurs. In the model described, if the ray path clears intervening obstacles by at least 0.6 of the first Fresnel zone, then no adjustment to the receiver field will occur. For the case when an obstacle extends into the 0.6 first Fresnel zone, a loss factor ranging from 0 to 6 dB is applied based on a linear proportion of how much of the 0.6 First Fresnel zone is penetrated. This Fresnel zone path loss or attenuation term can be written as: ٌ 1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0 = dd =wkA sub Fresnel ` `=` ` 6.0` ` LEFT (1.0 - {{C sub obs `(d sub p`)} over {R sub {FR}` (d sub p`)}} RIGHT)~dBw (19) where:  hhhCobs(dp) is the height difference in meters between the ray path and the terrain elevation at distance dp along the path RFR(dp) is the 0.6 first Fresnel zone radius at distance dp along the path The values Cobs(dp) and RFR(dp) are calculated taking into account the effective earth radius using the K factor. The 0.6 first Fresnel zone radius is given by   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1)  0ddR sub FR ``(d sub p `)`=`0.6``LEFT [ `549.367 `` sqrt {{ d sub p ``(d sub r ` - ` d sub p ` )} over {f d sub r}}`` right ]~~~meters  (20)  where f is the frequency in MHz and all distances are in kilometers. The use of the partial Fresnel zone obstruction loss from 0 dB at 0.6 clearance to 6 dB at grazing also provides a smooth transition into the NLOS mode in which knifeedge diffraction loss just below grazing will start at 6 dB and increase for steeper ray bending angles to receiving locations in the shadowed region. Note that this attenuation factor is found only for the terrain profile point that extends farthest into the 0.6 first Fresnel zone, not for every profile point which extends into the 0.6 first Fresnel zone. 4heading 3 #XN\  PXP# #]7  PTQP# d Summary of Calculation of Field Strength at the Receiver Under LOS Conditions 4heading 3  ` hp x (##XP7  PTQXP# All of the formulations for computing the field strength at the receiver under LOS conditions are now in place. They can be summarized with the following simple equation:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0ddwXkE sub r `=`` 76.92``-``20`log``(d sub r``)`+``P sub T ` - ` A sub reflection ` - A sub Fresnel~~~~dB mu V/mw (21)  where Areflection is the change due the reflection in dB from Equation (18), and A Fresnel is the partial Fresnel zone obstruction loss from Equation (19). The term PT is the effective radiated power (ERPd) in dBW in the direction of the receiver. In terms of path loss between two antennas with gains of 0 dBi in the path direction, Equation (21) can be written as:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0vddvrXfL sub LOS `` = `` 32.45 `` + `` 20.0`log`f`+`20`log`d sub r`+`A sub reflection ` +` A sub Fresnel~~~dBr (22)  1Heading 2NonLineofSight (NLOS) Mode 1Heading 2  The mechanism for deciding when to use the LOS mode and when to use the NLOS mode is described at the beginning of the subsection on LineofSight Mode above. When the model elects to use the NLOS formulations to follow, it means that one or more terrain or other features obstructs the ray path directly from the transmitter to the receiver. In this case, the free space field strength is further reduced for the attenuation caused by the obstacles. For the model defined here, the calculation of obstruction loss over an obstacle is done by assuming the obstacle is a perfect electrical conductor rounded obstacle with a height equal to the elevation of the obstruction and a radius equal to 1 meter. Diffraction loss in this model is calculated assuming individual obstacles on the path can be modeled as isolated rounded obstacles. The losses from multiple isolated obstacles are then combined. 4heading 3 #XN\  PXP# X #]7  PTQP#Diffraction Loss 4heading 3  ` hp x (##XP7  PTQXP# The loss over an individual rounded obstacle is primarily a function of the parameter v that is related to the path clearance over the obstacle. The total diffraction loss, A(v,#), in dB, is the sum of three parts " A(v,0), A(0,#), and U(v,#). The equations to calculate the total and the three parts are given below: A(v,#) = A(v,0) + A(0,#) + U(v,#)(23) A(v,0) = 6.02 + 9.0v + 1.65v2 for 0.8  v  0(24) A(v,0) = 6.02 + 9.11v + 1.27v2 for 0  v  2.4(25) Figure 1  Figure 1  ~^method01.wpg .x  ! Geometry for computing vħÐ A(v,0) = 12.593 + 20log10 (v) for v > 2.4(26) A(v,0) = 6.02 + 5.556# + 3.148#2 + 0.256#3(27) U(v,#) = 11.45v# + 2.19(v#)2 0.206(v#)3 6.02 for v#  3 (28) U(v,#) = 13.47v# + 1.058(v#)2 0.048(v#)3 6.02 for 3 < v#  5(29) U(v,#) = 20v# 18.2 for v > 5(30)  where the curvature factor is 1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0v Nddv N\XP# =`0.676``R sup {0.333} ` f sup {-0.1667}``sqrt{{d over {d sub 1``d sub 2}}}\ (31)  The obstacle radius R is in kilometers, and the frequency f is in MHz. The distance term d is the path length from the transmitter (or preceding obstacle) to the receiver (or next obstacle), d1 is the distance from the transmitter (or preceding obstacle) to the obstacle, and d2 is the distance from the obstacle to the receiver (or next obstacle). When the radius is zero, the obstacle is a knife edge, and A(v,#) = A(v,0). The parameter v in the equations above takes into account the geometry of the path and can be thought of as the bending angle of the radio path over the obstacle. It is computed as:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0N ddNYMital v ` ` = ` ` SQRT {{2 d ` ` tan ( alpha ) ` ` tan ( beta )}over lambda }Y (32)  where d is the path length from the transmitter (or preceding obstacle) to the receiver (or next obstacle),  is the angle relative to a line from the transmitter (or preceding obstacle) to the receiver (or next obstacle), and  is the angle relative to a line from the receiver (or next obstacle) to the transmitter (or preceding obstacle). The definitions of  and  are shown in Figure 1. For the multiple obstacle case, obstacles are treated successively as transmitterobstaclereceiver triads to construct the path geometry and bending angle v over each obstacle. The value of v is then used to calculate the diffraction loss over each obstacle. The resulting obstacle losses are summed to arrive at the total obstacle diffraction loss for the path. 4heading 3 #XN\  PXP# #]7  PTQP# d Summary of Calculation of Field Strength at the Receiver Under NLOS Conditions 4heading 3  ` hp x (##XP7  PTQXP# The field strength at the receiver in the NLOS mode can then be written as:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0L5ddLYXME sub r``=`` 1`04.77`-`20`log`(d sub r)`+`P sub T`-`A sub diff~~~dB  V/mY (33)  where all the terms have the same definitions as given in the preceding subsection and the term Adiff is defined as:   1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) 0_dd_SGital A sub diff = SUM FROM {n = 1} TO {n sub obs} {A sub n (v,rho)~~dB}S (34)   where A(v,#) is defined in Equation (23) and nobs is the number of obstructions in the path. The corresponding path loss between antennas with 0 dBi gain in the path direction can be written as:  1dddddddd (1) 1dddddddd (1) AhddAWXKL sub NLOS``=``32.45``+``20.0 log``f``+``20`log`d sub r``+``A sub diff~~~dBW (35)   2Heading 1=   2Heading 1 ۃ    #]7  PTQP# #]7  PTQP# File Format#XP7  PTQXP# #XP7  PTQXP# To facilitate the exchange of data on twoway MDS and ITFS systems permissible under Parts 21 and 74, a file format is herein described for the submission of requisite technical data to be provided to the Commission's copy contractor and to all parties which must be served with notice of the applications and/or engineering studies. The media and basic formatting of that media are defined by ISO/EIC Standards 9293.5 95291.6 and 95292.7. The remainder of this document outlines the format of technical information regarding each Response Service Area (RSA) to be submitted with each MDS/ITFS twoway application. The data shall appear in a number of sections for the purpose of grouping similar items within the file. Data shall be coded in an ASCIIformatted,,0Í,0ÍX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: