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I.Xa2IndentedLeft-indented text?C ? A.` ` a3IndentedLeft-indented textHP ? ` ` 1. 2Fja4IndentedLeft-indented textQp- ? ` `  a.` 'a5IndentedLeft-indented text[ܽ ? ` `  '(1) hh-a6IndentedLeft-indented textdK ? ` `  'hh-(a)4a7IndentedLeft-indented textl݇ ? ` `  'hh-4i)h:2xsE}5a8IndentedLeft-indented textu-b ? ` `  'hh-4:a)ppAa1InterrogatoresStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentUZZI.a1OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4$ a2OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4/ 2} a3OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4: a4OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4E a5OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4P   a6OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4[   2{n8a7OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4f  a8OutlineE+O4*ÿUI. A. 1. a. (1) (a) i) a)4 =(O4WGl *O4q Leventhal6@6wwLeventhal, Senter & Lerman Doc Style*O4ÿUVGl.EQ    #XN\  PXP#a1DAKBt*3  S'1.` ` 2rqqa3DAKa1for ordersenter, tab, parnum, two spaces5Q0 6"]J  1. a2InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<KLa3InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<MN2qq1qqa4InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<OPa5InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<QRa6InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<STa7InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<UV2qr'Za8InterrogatoroDStarts with A. at margin, 1 at first indentk*<WXa4DAKآy.X80,X\  P6G;P2a=5,&a\  P6G;&P2e=5,&e4  pG;&\0_=5,%&_*f9 xr G;&XP:% ,J:\  P6G;JP H5!,i,5\  P6G;,P\{,W80,%0W*f9 xr G;Xa2for ordersenter, tab, parnum, two spacesF\L0  S'X` ` A. 2   S' #&I\  P6Q&P# Federal Communications Commission DA981678   S' 1` Before the pp  *xxX   FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 0Washington, D.C. 20554  S`'  S8' In the Matter of) ) Telmex/Sprint Communications, L.L.C.) )  S'Application for Authority under)ppFile No. ITC97127 Section 214 of the Communications) Act for Global Authority to Operate as an ) International Switched Resale Carrier) Between the United States and) International Points, Including Mexico) X\(#  S 'j ORDER ă  S0'` ` Adopted: August 21, 1998qReleased: August 21, 1998 xxX  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1. 1. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)  S'By the Chief, International Bureau:  S' ` ` A I. INTRODUCTION ă  S@'1.` ` In this Order, we deny AT&T Corp.'s ("AT&T") application to stay the October 30,  S'1997 TSC Order.$_ yO'ԍXTSC Application for Authority under Section 214 of the Communications Act for Global Authority to Operate as an International Switched Resale Carrier Between the United States and International Points,  {O'including Mexico, Order, Authorization and Certificate, 12 FCC Rcd 17551 (1997), application for  {O'review pending (TSC Order).(#ƿ We also deny Americatel Corporation's ("Americatel") application to stay the  S'August 7 Order.$_ yOF'ԍXTSC Application for Authority under Section 214 of the Communications Act for Global Authority to Operate as an International Switched Resale Carrier Between the United States and International Points,  {O'including Mexico, Order, DA 981585 (rel. Aug. 7, 1998), application for review pending (August 7  {O'Order).(#Ʀ  S'` ` A II. BACKGROUND ă  ST'2.` ` On February 27, 1997, TSC filed an application to obtain Section 214LT_ yO#'ԍX47 U.S.C.  214.(#L authority to provide international switched resale services between the United States and all international points,",0 0*&&(("  S'including Mexico. TSC proposed to resell Sprint's facilitiesbased services.+X_ yOh'ԍXTSC Application for Authority under Section 214 of the Communications Act for Global Authority to Operate as an International Switched Resale Carrier Between the United States and International Points, including Mexico (Feb. 27, 1997) at 8. (#+ On October 30, 1997,  S'the International Bureau granted TSC's authorization, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions._ {O`'ԍTSC Order at  1. AT&T and MCI subsequently filed applications for review of the TSC Order.Ģ On August 7, 1998, the International Bureau determined that the conditions precedent to the effectiveness  S'of TSC's Section 214 authorization had been met and authorized TSC to commence service.Pz_ {O 'ԍAugust 7 Order at  1.P  S8'3.` ` On August 10, 1998, AT&T filed a petition to stay the TSC Order pending the  S'Commission's review of AT&T's application for review of that Order. _ {O 'ԍAT&T Petition for a Stay Pending Review (Aug. 10, 1998) (AT&T Petition). Americatel and MCI  S'Communications Corp. ("MCI") filed comments supporting the AT&T Petition._ yO('ԍXAmericatel Comments in Support of Petition for Stay Pending Review (Aug. 10, 1998); MCI Comments  yO'in Support of AT&T's Petition for Stay (Aug. 18, 1998).(# Americatel filed a  S'petition to stay the August 7 Order and a petition for review of that Order on August 13, 1998.= Z _ {OZ'ԍXAmericatel Petition for Stay Pending Review (Aug. 13, 1998) (Americatel Petition); Americatel Application for Review and Request for Expedited Treatment (Aug. 13, 1998). AT&T filed comments supporting Americatel's application for review (Aug. 20, 1998).(#= TSC  S'filed an opposition to the AT&T Petition. _ {OV'ԍXTSC Opposition to AT&T's Petition for Stay Pending Review (Aug. 17, 1998) (TSC Opposition).(#ƚ  SP 'F III. DISCUSSION ă  S( '  S '4.` ` The Commission generally employs a fourpart test under the standard set forth in  S 'Virginia Petroleum Jobbers in determining whether to grant motions for stay. _ {O"'ԍXVirginia Petroleum Jobbers Association v. Federal Power Commission, 259 F.2d 921 (1958).(#Ɲ Under this standard, the Commission considers whether: 1) petitioner is likely to prevail on the merits; 2) petitioner will suffer irreparable injury if a stay is not granted; 3) other interested parties will be harmed if the  Sb'Commission grants the requested relief; and 4) the public interest favors grant of the stay.` b<_ {O>!'ԍXSee e.g., AT&T Corp. v. Ameritech Corp., Memorandum Opinion and Order, FCC File No. E9841,  {O"'FCC 98141 (rel. June 30, 1998) (Ameritech Order) at  13; Hickory Tech Corporation Petition for  {O"'Waiver of Section 69.605(c) of the Commission's Rules, Order, ASD File No. 9871 (rel. July 1, 1998); National Exchange Carrier Association, Inc. 1997 Proposed Modifications to the Interstate Average  {Od$'Schedule Formulas, Order, 12 FCC Rcd 8443 (1997) (NECA Order).(#` The most"b 0*&&((E"  S'important of these factors is irreparable harm, without which other factors need not be considered. &_ {Oh'ԍXNECA Order at  6, citing Wisconsin Gas Co. v. FERC, 758 F.2d 669, 67374 (D.C. Cir. 1985)  {O2'(Wisconsin Gas); see also Cincinnati Bell Telephone Company Requests for Stay of Orders Finding  {O'Violations of the Commission's Rate of Return Prescriptions, Memorandum Opinion and Order, 8 FCC  yO'Rcd 6709 (1993) at  3.(#   S'5. ` ` As discussed below, none of the potential harms cited by Americatel or AT&T  S'constitute irreparable harm. Irreparable harm must be more than economic loss."_ {O'ԍXImplementation of the Local Competition Provisions in the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Order, 11  {O 'FCC Rcd 20166, 20170 (1996) (Local Competition Order), citing Wisconsin Gas, 758 F.2d at 674. (#" Competitive harm is merely a type of economic loss, and "revenues and customers lost to competition which can be  S8'regained through competition are not irreparable.":8_ {O 'ԍId.: Americatel's arguments that it will suffer  S'substantial economic losses and loss of customers and customer good willX_ {OT'ԍAmericatel Petition at pp. 9 11.X constitute allegations of "competitive harm" and, thus, fail to meet the standard for showing irreparable harm.  S'6. ` ` AT&T argues that the TSC Order significantly alters the competitive landscape on the U.S.toMexico route by: 1) impairing the ability of AT&T and other U.S. carriers to negotiate lower settlement rates with Telmex and 2) subjecting AT&T and other U.S. carriers to a price squeeze by  S" 'TSC." 6 _ {O'ԍXAT&T Petition at pp. 17 23; see also Americatel Petition at p. 9.(#ƈ These harms, according to AT&T, are impossible to quantify and could not be remedied if  S 'AT&T ultimately prevails on the merits.[ _ {Ob'ԍXAT&T Petition at pp. 20, 23.(#[ Courts have stated that, even if the alleged harm is not fully remediable, the irreparable harm factor is not satisfied absent a demonstration that the harm is  S '"both certain and great; . . . actual and not theoretical."V Z _ {O'ԍWisconsin Gas, 758 F.2d at 674.V Because harms claimed by AT&T lack the requisite certainty, AT&T has not shown irreparable harm.  S2'7. ` ` The TSC Order authorizes TSC to provide switched resale from the United States to Mexico. AT&T has not shown that provision of that limited service will affect AT&T's or other U.S. carriers' ability to negotiate a mutually satisfactory accounting rate with Mexico. In fact, the Commission has supported U.S. carriers' efforts to obtain significant annual reductions in the  S'accounting rates on the U.S.Mexico route for 1998 and 1999._ {O #'ԍXSee International Bureau Authorizes Telmex/Sprint Communications, L.L.C. to Commence International Switched Resale Services, IN Report No. 9846 (Aug. 7, 1998).(# Moreover AT&T's share of the U.S. Sl'Mexican market is nearly 50 percent, which gives it substantial leverage in the bargaining process. "lF0*&&((" AT&T's price squeeze argument is even more theoretical. As TSC notes, the Commission has rejected the notion that a price squeeze could result from a switched reseller's provision of service to  S'an affiliated market.&_ {O'ԍXTSC Opposition at p. 7, citing Rules and Policies on Foreign Participation in the U.S.  {O'Telecommunications Market, Market Entry and Regulation of Foreign Affiliated Entities, Report and  {O'Order and Order on Reconsideration, 12 FCC 23891,  194 (1997) (Foreign Participation Order), recon. pending. (#Ư AT&T does not present any additional information in its Petition that would cause us to reconsider the Commission's conclusion about the potential harms of switched resale.  S8'8. ` ` AT&T bases much of its argument on the Commission's recent Ameritech Order, in which the Commission granted AT&T's request for a "standstill order" against Ameritech. We find  S'that AT&T's reliance on the Ameritech Order is misplaced. Ameritech's actions, which the Commission stayed, had not been previously authorized by the Commission so the Commission had never addressed the question raised by AT&T of whether Ameritech's actions violated the Telecommunications Act of 1996. In this case, TSC is providing service under Commission authority. Ameritech also involved the entry of a regional bell operating company into the longdistance market, which presented much greater potential competitive issues than those presented by TSC's provision of switched resale services.  S '9. ` ` Because AT&T and Americatel have failed to demonstrate that they would suffer irreparable harm, we need not address their remaining arguments concerning the other three parts of  S\'the test governing a motion for stay.n\_ {O'ԍSee Local Competition Order, 11 FCC Rcd at 20172.n  S 'w) IV. ORDERING CLAUSES ă  S' 10. ` ` Accordingly, it is HEREBY ORDERED that the motions for stay filed by AT&T and Americatel ARE DENIED.  SD' 11.` ` This order is effective upon adoption. Petitions for reconsideration under Section  S'1.106 of the Commission's rules may be filed within 30 days of the public notice of this order (see Section 1.4(b)(2) of the Commission's rules). ` `  hhCFEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION ` `  hhCRegina M. Keeney  S'` `  hhCChief, International Bureau Đ S' ă