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(1) (a) (i) 1) a)dK+b70t _5xŗ+tq12 102_5(_>7Default Paragraph Font5dK+b70t _5xŗ+tw3w4#PP##PP#Times New RomanCG TimesCG Times BoldTimes New Roman BoldTimes New Roman Italic"i~'^5>I\\>>>\g0>03\\\\\\\\\\33gggQyyrg>Frgygrr>3>T\>Q\Q\Q>\\33\3\\\\>F3\\\\QX%Xc>0cT>>>0>>>>>>\>\3QQQQQwyQrQrQrQrQ>3>3>3>3\\\\\\\\\\Q\Z\\\g\QQQyQyQycyQtrQrQrQrQ\\\c\c\>3>\>>>\gcc\r3rIr>r>r3\l\\\\y>y>y>gFgFgFgcrMr3rT\\\\\\crQrQrQ\r>\gFr>\t0\\=!=WxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNBnnBT\>Q\\\\\3;\7;\7>>QQ\??n\\nBnnBmgg>Q\7"yyyy\njc\gnn\2f bKKK^",tB^ f ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCY~~vCN~sk~CCCddCYdYdYCdd88d8ddddJN8ddddYYdYd4dddddCddddddddd8YYYYYY~Y~Y~Y~YC8C8C8C8ddddddddddYdddddsdXdXXXddx|X~d~d|XdddddddC8ddddCdoddd|8|H~d|8|8dtddddHHdlLlLlLkd|H|8~ddddddddXXXd~ddkd~ddxCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCYQQddddddFddddFCChhd44ddxxdddvooChdF"dhd9dCCxCddoddCdYds]xUvdYYCCCCx~oxoY~NYdYC8YooYdYxsdxdd~YYxoxxx~CdxYxxxxCCdddddddxCsdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`L"i~'^5>g\\>>>\g0>03\\\\\\\\\\>>ggg\yyrF\yrgyy>3>j\>\gQgQ>\g3>g3g\ggQF>g\\\QI(I_>0_j>>>0>>>>>>\>g3\\\\\QyQyQyQyQD3D3D3D3g\\\\gggg\\g\\\\pg\\\QQ_QyQyQyQyQ\\\_\gjF3FgF>Fgg__gy3ySy>yIy3ggg\\QQQgFgFgFg_y^y>yjgggggg_yQyQyQgy>ggFy>\0\\=2=WxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNBnnBa\>\\\\\\7>\7>\7>>\\\??n\\nBnnBsgg>\\7"yyyy\nlc\gnn\"i~'^:DPddDDDdp4D48dddddddddd88pppX|pDL|pp||D8D\dDXdXdXDdd88d8ddddDL8ddddX`(`lD4l\DDD4DDDDDDdDd8XXXXXX|X|X|X|XD8D8D8D8ddddddddddXdbdddpdXXXXXlX~|X|X|X|XdddldldD8DdDDDdplld|8|P|D|D|8dvddddDDDpLpLpLpl|T|8|\ddddddl|X|X|Xd|DdpL|Dd~4ddC$CWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH\dDXddddd8@d<@d<DDXXdDDxddxHxxHvppDXd<"dxtldpxxd"i~'^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd|Ld|pȐD8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8pdppXLDpdddXP,PhD4htDDD4DDDDDDdDp8dddddȐXXXXXJ8J8J8J8pddddppppddpddddzpdddXXhXXXXXdddhdptL8LpLDLpphhp8ZDP8pppddƐXXXpLpLpLphfDtppppppȐhXXXpDppLDd4ddC6CWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxHjdDdddddd8HH"&H>XHH8HB8>HH^HH>"".2",2,2,"222N2222"&22H22,006"6."""""""""2"2H,H,H,H,H,XAB,>,>,>,>,""""H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H2H,H2H1H2H2H282H,H,H,B,B,B6B,H?>,>,>,>,H2H2H2H6H2H6H2""2"""2F866H2>>(>">">H2;H2H2H2H2XHB"B"B"8&8&8&86>*>>.H2H2H2H2H2H2^HH6>,>,>,H2>"H28&>"H2?22!!WFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxN$<<$.2",2222`2 LL2 LL2L"",,2d""-FederalState Joint Board on)ppCC Docket No. 9645 Universal Service) )  S-AMSC Subsidiary Corporation)pp  S -Request for Waiver)pp  )  SN -   MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER   X -X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:,U'U'22"  X-individual basis.I, {Oy-ԍ WAIT Radio supra at 1157.I Waiver is, therefore, appropriate if special circumstances warrant a deviation from the general rule, and such deviation would better serve the public interest than  X-strict adherence to the general rule.WZ, {O-ԍ Northeast Cellular supra at 1166.W As further discussed below, we conclude that AMSC has failed to show that a waiver is appropriate.  X-9.` ` In an effort to prove the existence of a "special circumstance," AMSC contends that its satellitebased communications system "has been a uniquely costly twoway wireless system to implement and [it] charges correspondingly higher rates than groundbased CMRS  XH-systems."7H, yO -ԍ Request at 5.7 AMSC argues that, without a waiver, it would be required to contribute to the universal service fund at a rate perminute of voice service and perkilobyte of data service,  X -that is higher than its terrestrial based competitors.3 |, {OG-ԍ Id.3 AMSC thus concludes that "[f]ew if any carriers can present a similar combination of highcost service focused on rural areas, unique  X -technology, and a disproportionately burdensome universal service contribution."9 , {O-ԍ Id. at 6.9  X -10.` ` BellSouth responds that AMSC's cost structure does not constitute special or  X -unique circumstances.B! , yO-ԍ BellSouth Comments at 2.B BellSouth notes that, "[w]ithin every segment of the telecommunications industry, some providers will have higher cost structures than other  Xy-providers."3"y0 , {OZ-ԍ Id.3 According to BellSouth, if the Commission were to view cost structure as a valid basis for waiving the method for calculating a carrier's universal service contribution, "then it can well expect a continuing stream of waiver requests from carriers who believe they, like AMSC, should have a special calculation because they are high cost companies  X-relative to others in their industry segment."3# , {O -ԍ Id.3  X-11.` ` We agree with BellSouth that AMSC has failed to show the existence of "special circumstances." The fact that the rates that AMSC charges for its services may generate greater amounts of enduser revenues per unit of traffic, which results in greater contributions, does not make AMSC unique, nor does it justify an exemption from the obligation to contribute to universal service on the basis of enduser revenues. As BellSouth"T #,U'U'22" noted, all carriers generate different amounts of enduser revenues per unit of traffic, and, therefore, some will always have to contribute more per unit of traffic than others. This is inherent in the Commission's decision to adopt enduser revenues as the basis for apportioning the necessary universal service contributions among different service providers, as explained below.  Xv-12.` ` We do not find that granting this request would be in the public interest. AMSC claims that granting its request is in the public interest because it would maintain competitive neutrality between different technologies, and be consistent with the congressional mandate that all contributions to the universal service fund be assessed in an equitable  X -manner.7$ , yO -ԍ Request at 5.7 According to BellSouth, however, granting AMSC's waiver would have a contrary effect, and result in other carriers unfairly having to compensate for the reduction in AMSC's  X -contribution.B% X, yO-ԍ BellSouth Comments at 2.B We agree with BellSouth that granting AMSC's request would have the result of favoring AMSC's choice of technology, and, therefore, would not be competitively neutral. Indeed, even AMSC notes that "[a] waiver in this case also will enhance AMSC's ability to  X -provide service."7& , yO@-ԍ Request at 6.7  Xy-13.` ` The Commission has already specifically rejected the general use of the method for calculating the contribution that AMSC now requests, and AMSC has given us no reason  XK-to conclude otherwise in this particular instance. In the NPRM to implement section 254, the Commission suggested three different bases for assessing contributions: (1) gross revenues;  X-(2) gross revenues net payments to other carriers; and (3) per-line or per-minute charges.'x, {OH-ԍ Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Order Establishing  {O-Joint Board, CC Docket No. 96-45, FCC 96-93, 11 FCC Rcd 18092, 18148, paras. 122124 (1996)(NPRM). The Commission invited comment on the relative merits of these methods, and the extent to  X-which they do, or do not, satisfy the requirements of the Act.3(, {Ov-ԍ Id.3 The Commission also sought comment on any alternative methodologies for calculating a carrier's, or service provider's  X-contribution to universal service support.Z)f , {O!-ԍ NPRM, 11 FCC Rcd at 18149, paras. 125126.Z The Commission asked commenters to address which method would be the most easily administered, and competitively neutral in its effect  X-upon contributing carriers and service providers.3* , {O>%-ԍ Id.3 In addition, the Commission sought comment on how these methods could be adapted if the Commission were to require"~ *,U'U'22n" non-carrier providers of telecommunications services to make contributions to universal  X-service support mechanisms.3+, {Ob-ԍ Id.3  X-14.` ` Based upon all of the information considered in that proceeding, the Commission rejected the suggestion that contributions be calculated entirely on nonrevenue X-based measures, such as a perminute or perline basis.g,Z, {O-ԍ Universal Service Order, 12 FCC Rcd at 9210, para. 852.g The Commission concluded that basing contributions from all telecommunications carriers on their gross enduser telecommunications revenues best satisfies the goals of competitive neutrality and ease of  XH-administration, as well as the statutory requirement that support be explicit.A-H, {O -ԍ Id. at para. 854.A  X -15.` ` The Commission's requirements are intended to carry out the statutory mandate that every telecommunications carrier that provides interstate telecommunications services "contribute, on an equitable and nondiscriminatory basis, to the specific, predictable, and sufficient mechanisms established by the Commission to preserve and advance universal  X -service."@. ~, yO-ԍ 47 U.S.C.  254(d).@ Contrary to AMSC, we believe that the principle of competitive neutrality requires AMSC to contribute on the same basis as all other carriers.  Xy-16.` ` Finally, AMSC does not claim, and we do not perceive, any significant adverse consequences to AMSC or the public in requiring AMSC to contribute on the basis of its enduser revenues. AMSC benefits from universal service from its use of the PSTN. Moreover, we have no reason to believe that, absent a waiver, AMSC's customers would go unserved.  X-17.` ` Based upon the foregoing, we conclude that AMSC does not meet the requirements for a waiver.  X-D8 III. ORDERING CLAUSE ă  X-10.` ` Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to the authority contained in section 0.291 of the Commission's rules, 47 C.F.R.  0.291, the Request for Waiver, filed March 17, 1998, by AMSC Subsidiary Corporation, IS DENIED. x` `  hh@James D. Schlichting x` `  hh@Deputy Chief, Common Carrier Bureauc%\Q