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Secondly, Armstrong indicates that WOACTV is  xgeographically remote from the instant communities, with WOACTV's city of license approximately 55.7  S`( xmiles from Armstrong's principal headend located in Ashland, Ohio.6 ` yO(ԍPetition at 6.6 Armstrong states that the individual  xcommunities requested for exclusion range from a distance of 48.6 miles to 63 miles from WOACTV's  S( xcity of license.> X yO (ԍPetition at Exhibit 1.> In addition, Armstrong states that not only are all of the communities at issue located  xzoutside of WOACTV's Grade B contour, but it is undisputed that WOACTV fails to provide a good  S( xquality signal to the cable system headend. {OH (ԍSee Complaint of Shop at Home, Inc. against Armstrong Utilities, Inc., 13 FCC Rcd 22415, 22419 (1998). Moreover, Armstrong contends that even if WOACTV's  x$signal reached the cable system, WOACTV fails to provide any local programming specifically targeted  xto the instant communities. Indeed, Armstrong argues that, as a home shopping channel, it is not apparent  SH (how WOACTV preserves localism or fosters diversity of programming.  S ( `  10. ` ` Armstrong argues with regard to the third factor that it carries numerous local stations  xwhich provide extensive local programming throughout each day to its subscribers which is targeted  S ( xspecifically to the communities."X z yO( xԍPetition at Exhibit 3. Among the stations carried by Armstrong are the following: WEWS (ABC), WJWTV  x(CBS), WKYCTV (NBC) and WVIZTV (PBS), all Cleveland, Ohio; WUAB (Ind.), Lorain, Ohio; and WOIO (ABC), Ames, Ohio." Armstrong maintains that the addition of WOACTV to its channel line xup would do nothing to enhance currently available programming choices in the communities. Finally,  xArmstrong points out that, according to Nielsen, WOACTV fails to garner any viewership in Ashland  S0( xand Richland Counties, Ohio, where the communities are located.60 yOj(ԍPetition at 8.6 For the foregoing reasons, Armstrong requests that the Commission grant its request.  S( `  11. ` ` In opposition, WOACTV maintains that the instant petition is but the latest in a long line  x$of delays by Armstrong in preventing WOACTV's carriage on the Ashland system. WOACTV argues  xthat the evidence demonstrates that it is properly considered local to the communities at issue and this fact  x$has been affirmed by the Commission in its grant of WOACTV's previouslyfiled must carry complaint  S( x.against Armstrong (CSR5257M).*  {O (ԍSee Complaint of Shop at Home, Inc. against Armstrong Utilities, Inc., 13 FCC Rcd 22415 (1998). WOACTV states that it is centrally located in the Cleveland ADI,  xplaces a Grade B signal over a large portion of the market and competes directly with other Cleveland area  xstations. WOACTV argues that by centering its case for modification around the arguments that WOAC xTV is geographically remote and does not provide local programming, Armstrong mischaracterizes the  xreach of the station's signal, its distance from the communities, the specific programming it offers, and makes unsupported assertions with respect to the station's signal strength.  S( `  12. ` ` WOACTV argues that by carrying its VHF competitors, Armstrong is suggesting that the  xCleveland area is the center of its market the same area from which WOACTV broadcasts. In any" ,p(p(88|"  xevent, WOACTV states that Armstrong has offered no justification as to why it should be considered  xremote while the Clevelandarea stations it considers local are similarly situated, particularly when it is  xlocated as close or closer to the cable communities than are some of the stations Armstrong points to as  S( xproviding local programming.9X yO( xԍWOACTV points out that its city of license, Canton, and its transmitter site, Akron, are both closer to Ashland  xat 50 and 44 miles, respectively, than is Cleveland, Ohio, and its transmitter site of Parma at 54 and 47 miles, respectively. 9 Further, WOACTV asserts that it also provides local affairs programming  S`( xdesigned to meet the needs and interests of the residents of the communities.8` yO(ԍOpposition at 5.8 As a result, WOACTV  xmaintains that its carriage would not only be a valuable asset, but it would be able to solidify its  xLviewership and strengthen its financial viability and its local programming offerings. Indeed, WOACTV  x4states that the fact that many residents in the communities are receiving WOACTV overtheair and  x`ordering products from Shop at Home strongly suggests that WOACTV fills a programming need which is currently unmet.  SH ( ` P 13. ` ` Further, while it does not subscribe to a ratings service, WOACTV states that it can track  xits viewership through the phone calls it receives to order products. WOACTV argues that these calls  xconfirm that it has overtheair viewership in the cable communities herein, thus rendering them part of  x WOACTV's economic market. In any event, WOACTV points out that Congress has deliberately  xrejected viewership as the standard for granting a modification request, particularly for struggling  S ( x8independent stations.p x {O(ԍSee Greater Worcester Cablevision, 10 FCC Rcd 12569, 12572 (1995).p While WOACTV concedes that it has no historic carriage on Armstrong's cable  xsystem, it points out that it is carried by other cable systems serving communities proximate to the  S0( xAshland system.0  yO( xԍWOACTV indicates that it is carried in the communities of Lodi and Wooster, Ohio which are located in Medina and Wayne Counties, Ohio, respectively. WOACTV states that the Commission has held that carriage on nearby or adjacent  S(cable systems can be an indicator that a station is local to a particular community.b  {O ( xԍSee, e.g., Erie County Cablevision, Inc., 13 FCC Rcd 6403 (1998); DeSoto Broadcasting, Inc., 13 FCC Rcd  {O(2769 (1998); and Paxson Communications Corporation, 1998 FCC Lexis 4798 (1998).  S( ` $ 14. ` ` In reply, Armstrong contends that WOACTV's argument that it cannot be considered  xremote if the cable system carries other stations as far away in mileage is baseless and irrelevant.  xArmstrong points out that the stations to which WOACTV refers are the Cleveland NBC, ABC, CBS,  xBFox, PBS and UPN affiliates which have been historically carried in the communities since the inception  xof the Ashland cable system. Moreover, Armstrong states, all of the network affiliated stations place a  xGrade B signal over the cable communities in question, provide specificallytargeted local programming,  xand, unlike WOACTV, have established a strong nexus in the communities. Therefore, Armstrong asserts  xthat the Cleveland stations' geographic distance to the Ashland headend is a nonissue. With regard to  xWOACTV, however, Armstrong states that, not only is WOACTV geographically remote from the cable  xsystem headend and the individual communities, but its Grade B contour fails to encompass any of the  xcommunities. Although WOACTV has tried to downplay this failing, Armstrong argues that the"( ,p(p(88"  S( xlCommission considers Grade B coverage a very important factor in ADI modification decisions.{ {Oh(ԍSee Comcast Cablevision of Santa Maria, Inc., 13 FCC Rcd 24200, 24206 (1998).{  xArmstrong contends that this factor becomes even more relevant when the station has a specialized format,  xsuch as WOACTV. Indeed, Armstrong states that in a recent ADI decision, involving another Shop at  xHome station, WRAYTV, the Commission granted a request for exclusion due to the station's geographic  xdistance of 7090 miles and its failure to place a Grade B signal over all but two of the communities  S8(involved.8Z {O2( xԍSee Time Warner EntertainmentAdvance/Newhouse Partnership, d/b/a Time Warner Cable, DA 99615 (released April 1, 1999).  S( ` 15. ` ` With regard to WOACTV's carriage on nearby cable systems, Armstrong states that  xWOACTV fails to point out that it places a Grade B signal over both Lodi in Medina County, and  xWooster in Wayne County, and that both communities are considerably closer to Canton, WOACTV's  Sp( xcity of license. While WOACTV attempts to discredit the importance of its lack of historical carriage  xhand the cable system's carriage of other local stations, Armstrong argues that both are relevant  xtmodification factors which should be given appropriate weight in the context of this proceeding. Further,  x`Armstrong states that the local program "Dialogue" which WOACTV refers to appears to address issues  xgermane, in the most part, to the City of Cleveland, and therefore it fails to serve the needs of residents  S ( xjin the communities at issue. For instance, Armstrong states that in Time Warner Cable, the Commission  xfound that Shop at Home's provision of only one Saturday morning halfhour public affairs program to  SZ( xbe insufficient to be considered local._Z {O(ԍSee Time Warner Cable, DA 99615 at paragraph 15._ Finally, Armstrong argues that WOACTV's attempts to prove  x8viewership utilizing postal zip codes from callin customers is not a reliable measure of viewing audience information and the Commission should not give much weight to information gathered in such a manner.  S( IV&Ԋ20. ` ` We also believe that Armstrong's carriage of other local television stations provides  xsupport for the action requested. Where a cable operator is seeking to delete a station's mandatory  xcarriage rights in certain communities, the issue of local coverage by other stations becomes a factor to  xwhich we will give greater weight than in cases where a party is seeking to add communities. In this case, the Cleveland stations carried by Armstrong have a closer nexus to the Ashland cable system.   S( D. Viewership  Sp( ` 21. ` ` Armstrong also shows that WOACTV has no audience in Ashland and Richland Counties,  xOhio. Moreover, the A.C. Nielsen 1997 County/Coverage Survey for these three counties does not even  xlist WOACTV. This dearth of viewership is of evidentiary significance when combined with the lack  xRof both historical carriage and Grade B coverage. We note that the Commission has recognized that  S ( xspecialty stations, such as WOACTV, typically attract limited audiences even in the communities to which  S ( xthey are licensed so that the absolute level of audience in the cable communities involved may be of  S (limited significance in considering the scope of the market involved.   S0( Summary  S( ` B22. ` ` We have carefully considered each statutory factor in the context of the circumstances  xpresented here. Given the evidence as to the lack of Grade B coverage, the lack of viewership in Ashland  xand Richland Counties, the lack of carriage of WOACTV by any other cable system in these counties,  Sh( xRand the minimal local programming, we conclude that it is logical and consistent with the objective of  xSection 614 of the Communications Act to delete Armstrong's cable system from WOACTV's market for mandatory carriage purposes.  S(  &